短语动词以动词为中心.docx

短语动词以动词为中心.docx

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短语动词以动词为中心

短语动词（以动词为中心）:

add

*addin包括（includesomething）:

Wouldyouaddintheseitems,please,inordertocompletethelist?

★Shouldweaddinthelemonjuicebeforeoraftermixingtheflourandsugar?

*addto加，增加，补充说Iftheteaistoostrong,addsomemorewater（toit）.★Ifyouadd5to6,youget11.★Ihavenothingtoaddtomyearlierstatement.★addfueltotheflames★addinsulttoinjury

*addup（两个或两个以上的数或量）加起来（calculatethetotaloftwoormorenumbersoramounts）:

Thewaitercan’taddup.★AddupallthemoneyIoweyou.

*addupto总计共达Themoneyhespentaddeduptomorethan$1,000.

allow

*allowfor把…考虑进去（includesomebody/somethinginone’scalculations）:

Itwilltakeyouhalfanhourtogettothestation,allowingfortrafficdelays.★Allowingfordepreciationyourcarshouldbeworth$900thistimenextyear.

*allowof容许（有）（permitsomething,leaveroomforsomething）:

Thefactsallowofonlyoneexplanation.★Theproblemallowsofonlyonesolution.

apply

*applyfor申请（makeaformalrequest）:

Hehasappliedtothebankerforaloan.★HehasappliedforapostinEngland.

*applyto

（1）使用力量等对某事物起作用（causeaforce,etctoaffectsomething）:

Applyaforceof100Ntothebody.★HeappliedhisMarxistknowledgetotheeventsaroundhim.★Therulesofsafedrivingapplytoeveryone.

（2）贴，敷，涂（putorspreadsomethingontosomething）:

applythegluetobothsurfaces★Applysomemedicinetothewound.★Applytwocoatsofpaintingtothefence.

believe

*believein

（1）相信某人/物的存在，信仰，相信有（feelsureoftheexistenceofsomeone/something）:

IbelieveinGod.★Doyoubelieveinghosts?

★HebelievesinDarwinism.★ChristiansbelieveinJesus.

（2）信赖某人/物；肯定某事物的价值或正确性（haveconfidenceinaremedy,aperson,etc;feelsureoftheworthortruthofsomething）:

Ibelieveinhisgoodcharacter.★Doyoubelieveinnucleardisarmament?

★Hebelievesingettingplentyofexercise.★Hedidn’tbelieveinHoward’shonesty.★Youcanbelieveinhim;he’llneverletyoudown.★Thoughthewholeworldcondemnhim,Iwillstillbelieveinhim.★Heneverwouldgotoadoctorhimself,anddidn’tbelieveinthem.

*believe…of相信某人在从事某种特殊活动等方面的才能（acceptthatsomeoneiscapableofaparticularaction,etc）:

IfIhadn’tseenhimdoingitIwouldneverhavebelieveditofhim.

blow

*blowout

（1）（指火焰等）被风等吹灭；吹灭（火焰等）[（ofaflame,etc）beextinguishedbythewind,etc;extinguish（aflame,etc）byblowing]:

Someoneopenedthedoorandthecandleblewout.★Blowthecandlesoutbeforeyoucometobed.

（2）（指油井或气井等）井喷[（ofanoilorgaswell）sendoutoilorgassuddenlyinanuncontrolledmanner]:

Gascameuptheoutsideoftheborepipeandblewout,aswesayintheoilindustry.★Whichoilwellblewoutyesterday?

（3）（车胎）爆，破（[（ofatire）burst]:

OnthewaytoLondon,thetireofmycarsuddenlyblewout.★Thismorningthetireofmybikesuddenlyblewoutonmywaytoschool,soIwaslate.（4）轻松击败某人，绝对优势击败某人（toeasilydefeatsomeone;defeatconvincingly）:

Weblewthemout28-0.

*blowup

（1）爆炸，被炸坏；炸坏（explode,bedestroyedbyanexplosion;destroysomethingbyanexplosion）:

Thebombblewup.★Apolicemanwaskilledwhenhisbooby-trappedcarblewup.★Theboilerblewup.★Roadsandbridgesandrailwayswereblownup.★Theengineersblewupthebridgewithdynamite.

（2）给某物充气（inflatesomethingwithairorgas）:

Thistire’sabitflat;itneedsblowingup.★Canyoulendmeapumptoblowupmybicycletires?

★Thechildrenblewuptheirballoonsandthrewthemintotheair.（3）发脾气，发火，勃然大怒；训斥，责骂（loseone’stemper;reprimandsomeoneseverely）:

I’msorryIblewupatyou.★Herfatherblewupwhenshearrivedhomeinthemorning.★Shegotblownupbyherbossforbeinglate.（4）放大某物（尤指照片）；夸大某事物，夸大其词[enlargesomething（especiallyaphotograph）;exaggerateorinflatesomething]:

Whatalovelyphoto!

Whydon’tyouhaveitblownup?

★Thephotographerblewthechild’spictureupandentereditinacompetition.★Thosephotographslookpromising,whynotgetanexperttoblowthemupabitbigger?

★Itwasasmallthingtohappenbutthenewspapershadblownitupuntilitseemedimportant.★Hisabilitiesasanactorhavebeengreatlyblownupbytheweekendpress;infacttheyarequitemodest.★Thewholeaffairwasblownupoutofallproportion.（5）突然开始且来势凶猛（startsuddenlyandwithforce）:

Thevolcanounexpectedlyblewup.★Thesmallcrafthadhardlygotoutofsightoflandwhenagaleblewup.★Itwasoneofthosesillyfamilyrowsthatblowupovernothingandleaveeveryoneshakingwithanger.

break

*breakaway

（1）脱离，断绝往来，决裂（toleaveagrouporpoliticalpartytoformanothergroup,usuallybecauseofadisagreement）:

HedecidedtobreakawayfromthePartyandseekre-electionasanIndependent.★Hebrokeawayfromallhisoldfriends.★Fortunately,hebrokeawayfromthatlawlessgroupyearsago.

（2）突然逃脱或离开（escapesuddenly）:

Theprisonerbrokeawayfromhisguards.★Thecriminalbrokeawayfromthe2policemenwhowereholdinghim.

*breakdown

（1）（机器，车辆等）坏了（ceasetofunctionbecauseofamechanical,electrical,etcfault）:

Thetelephonesystemhasbrokendown.★Ourcarbrokedownonthemotorway.

（2）破裂，失败，崩溃，瓦解，垮（fail;collapse）:

Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown.★Iflawandorderbreakdown,anarchywillresult.★Atfirstherefusedtoadmithisguiltbutwhenhewasshowntheevidencehebrokedownandconfessed.（3）（身体）垮，感情失控[（ofsomebody’shealth）becomeverybad,collapse;losecontrolofone’sfeelings]:

Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.★Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthebadnews.★Hetriedtodealwiththeever-increasingburdenofhiswork,butfinallyhebrokedownandhadtotakeacompleterest.（4）分解（尤指化学分解），分化；分为[changethechemicalcompositionofsomething;（especiallyofmoneyspent）bedividedordivideintopartsbyanalysis]:

Chemicalsinthebodybreakdownourfoodintousefulsubstances.★Waterisreadilybrokendownintohydrogenandoxygen.★Aftermanyyears,rocksbreakdownintodirt.★Expenditureontheprojectbreaksdownasfollows:

wages$10million,equipment$30million,andrawmaterials$5million.（5）镇压，克服，破坏（causesomethingtocollapse;overcome,conquerordestroysomething）:

Theybrokedownallopposition.★breakdownresistance★Howcanwebreakdownthebarriersoffearandhostilitywhichdividethetwocommunities?

*breakin

（1）非法进入，突然进入（enterabuildingbyforce）:

Burglarshadbrokeinwhilewewereawayonholiday.

（2）打断，干扰（interruptordisturbsomething）:

Pleasedon’tbreakinonourconversation.★Iwastellingthemaboutmytravelswhenhebrokeinwithastoryofhisown.

*breakinto

（1）非法进入，强行进入（enterabuildingbyforce）:

Hishousewasbrokenintolastweek.

（2）突然开始（大笑，唱歌，欢呼等）（suddenlybegintolaugh,sing,cheer,etc）:

AsthePresident’scararrived,thecrowdbrokeintoloudapplause.★Shebrokeintotears.★Whentheygotonthehighwaytheybrokeintoarun.★Theaudiencebrokeintoapplause.

*breakoff

（1）使某事物折断（causesomethingtobecomeseparatedfromsomethingasaresultofforceorstrain）:

Thedoorhandlehasbrokenoff.★Shebrokeoffapieceofchocolateandgaveittome.★Whydon’tyoubreakabranchoffthetreeandmakeawalkingstick?

（2）突然停止，中断（endsomethingsuddenly;discontinuesomething）:

Theyhavebrokenofftheirengagement.★Thosetwocountrieshavebrokenoffrelationswitheachother.★SeveralSouthAmericanstatesbrokeoffdiplomaticrelationswithGermany.（3）停止（讲话，工作）（stop）:

Hebrokeoffinthemiddleofasentence.★Thewholecastbrokeoffforcoffeeinthemiddleofrehearsals.

*breakout突然发生，爆发（[（ofviolentevents）startsuddenly]:

Firebrokeoutduringthenight.★Warbrokeoutin1939.★TheeconomiccrisisbrokeoutfirstintheUnitedStates.★PlaguebrokeoutinLondonthatsummer,andhundredsdied.★Itwasfearedthatasaconsequenceofthefloodsanepidemicofcholerawouldbreakout.

*breakoutin

（1）突然布满某物（suddenlybecomecoveredinsomething）:

Hisfacebrokeoutinarash.★Hebrokeoutinacoldsweat.

（2）突然流露出强烈的情感（suddenlybegintoshowstrongfeelings）:

Shebrokeoutinarage.

*breakthrough突破，穿透（makenewandimportantdiscoveries;makeawaythroughsomethingusingforce;ofthesunormoonappearfrombehindclouds）:

Scientistssaytheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.★Demonstratorsbrokethroughthepolicecordon.★Thesunbrokethroughatlastintheafternoon.★Ourtroopshadlittledifficultyinbreakingthroughtheenemylines.

*breakup使某事物结束，分散，拆散（causesomethingtocometoanend;disperseorscattersomethingusingforce）:

Theirmarriageisbreakingup.★Theydecidedtobreakupthepartnership.★Sentencescanbebrokenupintoclauses.★Theybrokeupthehouseholdafterthemotherdied.★Thetwofriendsbrokeup.★WhatwillhappentothechildrenifJimandMarybreakup?

★Policewerecalledintobreakupthemeeting.

bring

*bringabout发生，导致（causesomethingtohappen）:

Scientistssaythatmanyfactorsbringaboutchangesintheweather.★TheSecondWorldWarwasbroughtaboutbyHitler’sinvasionofPoland.★Thatunpopularmeasurefinallybroughtaboutthedownfallofthegovernment.

*bringbacktolife/health使复生，使恢复健康Andanywayhewasdead,Icouldn’tbringhimbacktolife.★Herstayamongthemountainsbroughtherbacktohealth.

*bringdown

（1）使（飞行器）从空中落下，击落（causeanaircrafttofalloutofthesky;land）:

Thepilotbroughthisplanedowninafield.★Severalenemyfighterswerebroughtdownbyourairforce.

（2）使倒台，打倒（causethedefeatofsomebody,overthrowsomebody）:

Thescandalmaybringdownthegovernment.★Hebroughtthedeerdownwithoneshot.★Heaimed,firedandbroughtdownthehare.（3）使降低，使减少（lowerorreducesomething）:

bringdowntheprices,bringdowntherateofinflation,bringdownthecostofliving★Demandhasbeenbroughtdownbyincreas