GMAT备考精华作文篇.docx
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GMAT备考精华作文篇.docx
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GMAT备考精华作文篇
共分二部分:
1.孙远-GMAT作文-讲义
2.800SCORE作文模板
第一部分:
孙远・・GMAT作文••讲义
一、考试指南
GMAT作文考两篇作文,一篇是一个是非问题分析(AnalysisofanIssue);另一篇作文是一个逻辑问题分析(AnalysisofanArgument)。
两篇作文各考30分钟,加起來共一个小时。
简单地说,第一篇作文是立论,第二篇作文是驳论。
1.逻辑问题分析例文
ThefollowingappearedinamemorandumfromtheDirectorofHumanResourcestotheexecutiveofficersofCompanyX.
“Lastyear,wesurveyedouremployeesonimprovementsneededatCompanyXbyhavingthemrank,inorderofimportance,theissuespresentedinalistofpossibleimprovements・Improvedcommunicationsbetweenemployeesandmanagementwasconsistentlyrankedastheissueofhighestimportancebytheemployeeswhorespondedtothesurvey.Asyouknow,wehavesinceinstitutedregularcommunicationssessionsconductedbyhigh-levelmanagement,whichtheemployeescanattendonavoluntarybasis.Therefore,itislikelythatmostemployeesatCompanyXnowfeelthattheimprovementmostneededatthecompanyhasbeenmade:
Discusshowwellreasonedyoufindthisargument.Inyourdiscussionbesuretoanalyzethelineofreasoningandtheuseofevideneeintheargument.Forexample,youmayneedtoconsiderwhatquestionableassumptionsunderliethethinkingandwhatalternative,explanationsorcounterexamplesmightweakentheconclusion.Youcanalsodiscusswhatsortofevidencewouldstrengthenorrefutetheargument,whatchangesintheargumentwouldmakeitmorelogicallysound,andwhat,ifanything,wouldhelpyoubetterevaluateitsconclusion.
2.是非问题分析例文
uEmployeesshouldkeeptheirprivatelivesandpersonalactivitiesasseparateaspossiblefromtheworkplace.99
Discusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththeopinionstatedabove・Supportyourviewswithreasonsand/orexamplesfromyourownexperience,observations,orreading.
GMAT作文题库是怎么冋事
GMAT作文的评分标准
GMAT作文如何阅卷和评分
二、课程安排
1.教学内容
PartOne:
AnalysisofanArgument
CaseStudy1
CaseStudy2
CaseStudy3
CaseStudy4
PartTwo:
AnalysisofanIssue
CaseStudy1
CaseStudy2
CaseStudy3
CaseStudy4
PartThree:
Summary
1.LanguageSkills
2.PrepTips
2.教学方法
(1)案例分析逻辑分析(4个)是非分析(4个)
(2)作文的结构和模式
(3)论证方法
⑷语言问题
PartOne
三、逻辑问题例文分析
CaseStudy1:
Thefollowingappearedaspartofanarticleinadailynewspaper.
“Thecomputerizedonboardwarningsystemthatwillbeinstalledincommercialairlinerswillvirtuallysolvetheproblemofmidairplanecollisions.Oneplane'swarningsystemcanreceivesignalsfromanother^transponder~aradiosetthatsignalsaplanescourse—inordertodeterminethelikelihoodofacollisionandrecommendevasiveaction."
Discusshowwellreasonedyoufindthisargument.Inyourdiscussionbesuretoanalyzethelineofreasoningandtheuseofevidenceintheargument.Forexample,youmayneedtoconsiderwhatquestionableassumptionsunderliethethinkingandwhatalternative,explanationsorcounterexamplesmightweakentheconelusion.Youcanalsodiscusswhatsortofevidencewouldstrengthenorrefutetheargument,whatchangesintheargumentwouldmakeitmorelogicallysound,andwhat,ifanything,wouldhelpyoubetterevaluateitsconclusion.
2分作文:
Thisargumenthasnoinformationaboutaircollisions.Ithinkmostcaseshappenisnewairportsbecausetheairtrafficisheavy.Inthiscasesoundairportcontrolcouldsolvetheproblem.
Ithinkthisargumentislogicallyreasonable・Itsassumptionisthatplanecollisionsarecausedbyplanesthatdon'tknoweachotherspositions.Sopilotscandonothing,iftheyknoweachother'spositionthroughthesystemitwillsolvetheproblem.Ifitcanprovideevidencetheproblemislackofknowledgeofeachother'spositions,itwillbemoresoundandpersuasive.
Moreinformationaboutaircollisionsishelpful,(thereasonforaircollisions)第一课时完4分作文
Theargumentisnotlogicallyconvincing・Itdoesnotstatewhetherallplanescanreceivesignalsfromeachother.Itdoesnotstatewhetherplanesconstantlyreceivesignals.Iftheyonlyreceivesignalsonceeverycertaintimeinterval,collisionswillnotdefinitelybeprevented.Furtheriftheyreceiveasignalrightbeforetheyareabouttocrash,theycannotavoideachother.
Themainflawintheargumentisthatitassumesthatthetwoplanes,uponreceivingeachother'ssignals,willknowwhichevasiveactiontotake・Forexample,thetwoplanescouldbegoingtowardseachotherandthenreceivethesignals・Ifoneturnsatanangletotheleftandtheotherturnsatanangletotheright,thetwoplaneswillstillcrash.Eveniftheyreceiveanupdatedsignal,theywillnothavetime,toavoideachother.
Thefollowingargumentwouldbemoresoundandpersuasive・Thenewwarningsystemwillsolvetheproblemofmidairplanecollisions.Eachplanewillreceiveconstant,continualsignalsfromeachother.Ifthetwoplanesareheadedinadirectionwheretheywillcrash,thesystemwillcoordinatethesignalsandtelloneplanetogooneway,andtheotherplanetogoanotherway.Thenewsystemwillensurethatthetwoplaneswillturnindifferentdirectionssotheydon’tcrashbydyingtopreventtheoriginalcrash.Inaddition,theplaneswillbeabletoseethemselvesandtheotheronacomputerscreen,toaidintheevasiveaction•
6分作文:
Theargumentthatthiswarningsystemwillvirtuallysolvetheproblemofmidairplanecollisionsomitssomeimportantconcernsthatbeaddressedtosubstantiatetheargument.Thestatementthatfollowsthedescriptionofwhatthiswarningsystemwilldosimplydescribesthesystemandhowitoperates・Thisalonedoesnotconstitutealogicalargumentinfavorofthewarningsystem,anditcertainlydoesnotprovidesupportorproofofthemainargument.
Mostconspicuously,theargumentdoesnotaddressthecauseoftheproblemofairplanecollisions,theuseofthesystembypilotsandflightspecialists,orwhoisinvolvedinthemidairplanecollisions.First,theargumentassumesthatthecauseoftheproblemisthattheplanes9courses,thelikelihoodofcollisions,andactionstoavoidcollisionsareunknownorinaccurate・Butifthecauseoftheproblemofmidairplanecollisionsisthatpilotsarenotpayingattentiontotheircomputersystemsorflightoperations,thewarningsystemwillnotsolvethecollisionproblem.Second,theargumentneveraddressestheinterfacebetweenindividualsandthesystemandhowthiswillaffectthewarningsystem'sobjectiveofobliteratingtheproblemofcollisions・Ifthepilotorflightspecialistdoesnotconformtowhatthewarningsystemsuggests,aircollisionswillnotbeavoided.Finally,ifplanesotherthancommercialairlinersareinvolvedinthecollisions,theproblemofthesecollisionscannotbesolvedbyawarningsystemthatwillnotbeinstalledonnon-commercialairliners.Theargumentalsodoesnotaddresswhatwouldhappenintheeventthatthewarningsystemcollapsed,falls,ordoesnotworkproperly.
Becausetheargumentleavesoutseveralkeyissues,itisnotsoundorpersuasive.Ifitincludedtheitemsdiscussedaboveinsteadofsolelyexplainingwhatthesystemsupposedlydoes,theargumentwouldhavebeenmorethoroughandconvincing.
CaseStudy2:
ThefollowingappearedinanAviaAirlinesdepartmentalmemorandum:
"Onaverage,9outofevery1000passengerswhotraveledonAviaAirlinesin1993filedacomplaintaboutourluggage-handingprocedures.Thismeansthatalthoughsome1percentofourpassengerswereunhappywiththoseprocedures,theoverwhelmingmajoritywerequitesatisfiedwiththem;thusitwouldappearthatareviewoftheproceduresisnotimportanttoourgoalofmaintainingorincreasingthenumberofAvia'spassengers/5
Discusshowlogicallyconvincingyoufindthisargument.Inexplainingyourpointofview,besuretoanalyzethelineofreasoningandtheuseofevidenceintheargument.Alsodiscusswhat,ifanything,wouldmaketheargumentmoresoundandpersuasive,orwouldhelpyoutobetterevaluateitsconclusion.
StudentEssay
InAviaAirlines'ssurvey,nearly1presentofitspassengerswereunhappywithitsbaggage-handlingprocedures・Theresultsoundsgood・Butthesmallpoolofsamplesinregardwithallpassengers,theweaknessofprocedureofcomplaint,andotherreasonsbelowwillweakentheresult,ordrawtoanoppositeconclusion.
AviaAirlinescanonlysurvivebytransportinghundredsofthousandsofpassengerseachyears・Manypassengerswhowerenotsatisfiedwithitsbaggage-handlingproceduresmaybedidnotwritedownacomplaint.Assumingthatonlyonepercentofthoseunsatisfiedpassengerscomplainedinwrittenforms,thenumberofunsatisfiedwouldbe900outofevery1000passenge匚Itisahorribleratio.AviaAirlinescouldbemurderedbytheremaining899unsatisfiedones.
To1000,9seemsaverysmallratio.ButifthefirstofthenineunsatisfiedpassengersisPresidentClinton,thestoryisattactivetomostreporters・Insomehoursordays,AviaArlinewillexistinnewspapers,magazines,TVsports,reportsandInternet.ThiskindoffreeadvertisementwillsurelybombAAtosky.
AviaAirlineshastoomanycompetitorsinandoutofUSA・ClientsofotherAirlines,forinstance,Singapore.AirlinesorJapanAirlinesmayhavenocomplaintsaboutbaggage-handlingprocedures.AAmaygraduallyloosemoreandmoreofitspassengersanddieout.
SoAA'sconclusionwould.beabsurdthroughreasoning・Unsatisfiedpassengerswhodidnotcomplain,thefamouspersonswhocomplained,andcompetitorswithnounsatisfiedpassengersallwillmakedisastrousresultfortheAviaAirlines.Soareviewoftheprocedureisveryimportanttoitsgoalofmaintainingorincreasingthenumberofpassengers.
RevisedEssay
Inthisargument,thearguerconcludesthatareviewofAviaAirline'sbaggage-handlingprocedureswillnotfurtheritsgoalof
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