丁二烯精馏外文翻译.docx
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丁二烯精馏外文翻译.docx
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丁二烯精馏外文翻译
化工与材料工程学院
毕业设计外文翻译
年产13,5万吨丁二烯的精馏工艺设计
milliontonsofbutadienedistilldtionprocessdesign
学生学号
08420516
学生姓名
专业班级
过控0805
指导教师
教授
完成日期
吉林化工学院
JilinInstituteofChemicalTechnology
第1章翻译原文
Title:
Processfortheseparationofbutadienebypluralstageextractivedistillation
DocumentTypeandNumber:
UnitedStatesPatent4128457
Abstract:
Butadieneisrecoveredfromahydrocarbonfractioncontainingittogetherwithbutenesandacetylenehydrocarbonsbyintroducingsaidfractionintoafirstextractivedistillationcolumn,feedingaqueousacetonitrileintosaidcolumnabovetheintroductionpointofsaidfractionandextractingavaporstreamcontainingbutadienebelowsaidintroductionpoint;feedingsaidvaporstreamintoasecondextractivedistillationcolumn,feedingaqueousacetonitrileabovetheintroductionpointofsaidvaporstreamandrecoveringavaporstreamconsistingessentiallyofbutadieneatthetopofsaidsecondcolumn;andrectifyingthislastvaporstreamtorecoverpurebutadiene.
Weclaim:
1.Aprocessfortheseparationandrecoveryof1,3-butadienefromahydrocarbonmixturecontainingit,whichcomprises:
introducingintoanextractivedistillationcolumnhavingatleast150plates,operatingatapressureofatmospheresandatabottomtemperatureof110°-140°C.andheadtemperatureof30°-50°C.,astreamofvaporizedhydrocarbonfractioncontainingbutadienetogetherwithbutenesandacetylenehydrocarbonsatapointintermediatebetweentheheadandthebottomandfeedingaqueousacetonitrileatoneormorepointsofthecolummbetweentheheadandthepointofintroductionofthehydrocarbonfraction;recoveringattheheadofthecolumnastreamconsistingessentiallyofbutenes,recoveringatthebottomaqueousacetonitrileandremovingatanintermediatepoint,situatedlowerthanthatoftheintroductionofthehydrocarbonfraction,avaporstreamcontainingbutadiene;
feedingintoasecondextractivedistillationcolumn,havingatleast80platesandoperatedattemperaturesandpressuresintherangeofthoseofthefirstcolumn,thevaporstreamcontainingbutadieneextractedfromthesaidfirstextractivedistillationcolumn,atapointintermediatebetweentheheadandthebottom,feedingaqueousacetonitrileatoneormorepointssituatedbetweentheheadofthesecondextractivedistillationcolumnandthepointofintroductionofthevaporstreamcontainingbutadiene;recoveringattheheadofthesecondextractivedistillationcolumnastreamconsistingessentiallyofbutadiene,atthebottomaqueousacetonitrile,whileremovingavaporstreamconsistingessentiallyofacetylenehydrocarbonsatapointofthesecondextractivedistillationcolumnlocatedbetweenthebottomandthefeedpointofthevaporstreamcontainingbutadiene;
subjectingtheheadproductofthesecondextractivedistillationcolumntorectificationinathirddistillationcolumntoremovethelasttracesofproductswithalowerboilingpointthanbutadieneattheheadofsaidthirddistillationcolumnandofthosewithahigherboilingpointthanbutadieneasabottomsproductofsaidthirddistillationcolumn.
2.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichaliquidsidestreamisremovedfromthefirstextractivedistillationcolumnfromapointsituatedbelowtheremovalpointofthevaporstreamcontainingbutadiene,thisliquidstreamisheatedatatemperatureupto90°-100°C.andthisheatedliquidstreamisreintroducedintothefirstextractivedistillationcolumnatapointcorrespondingtotheplateimmediatelybelowtheonewheresaidliquidsidestreamisdrawn.
3.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichthehydrocarbonfractioncontainingbutadieneissubjectedtoatreatmentwithaqueousammonia,beforebeingfedintothefirstextractivedistillationcolumn,inordertobringitscontentincarbonylcompoundsbelow50ppm.
4.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichsaidaqueousacetonitrilefedintothefirstandsecondextractivedistillationcolumnshasawatercontentoffrom3to10%byweight.
5.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichthefirstextractivedistillationcolumncontainsfrom150to220plates,thehydrocarbonfractioncontainingbutadieneisfedinatapointofthefirstextractivedistillationcolumnbetweenthe45thand65thplatedownwardsfromthehead,theaqueousacetonitrileisfedinattwopoints,thefirstbetweenthe6thand7thplate,thesecondbetweenthe40thand60thplatedownwardsfromthehead,andthegaseousstreamcontainingbutadieneisdrawnfromapointofthecolumnsituatedbetweenthe100thandthe170thplatedownwardsfromthehead.
6.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichtheweightratioofaqueousacetonitrilefedtothefirstextractivecolumntothehydrocarbonfractioncontainingbutadienefedtosaidfirstextractivedistillationcolumnisfrom7:
1to13:
1.
7.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichthesecondextractivedistillationcolumncontainsfrom80to105plates,thegaseousstreamcontainingbutadieneextractedfromthefirstextractivedistillationcolumnisfedinatapointsituatedbetweenthe40thand60thplatedownwardsfromthehead,theaqueousacetonitrileisfedinatapointsituatedbetweenthe7thand8thplatedownwardsfromtheheadandthegaseousstreamcontainingacetylenehydrocarbonsisdrawnfromapointsituatedbetweenthe65thandthe85thplatedownwardsfromthehead.
8.Theprocessofclaim1inwhichtheweightratiooftheaqueousacetonitrilefedtothesecondextractivedistillationcolumntothevaporstreamcontainingbutadienefedtosaidsecondextractivedistillationcolumnisfrom3:
1to6:
1.
9.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichtheheadproductofthesecondextractivedistillationcolumnisdistilledinafirstdistillationcolumncontaining40-50plates,withremoval,atthehead,ofthetracesofproductshavingalowerboilingpointthanbutadiene,andtheresultingbottomproductisthendistilledinaseconddistillationcolumncontaining40-55plateswithrecoveryofthebutadieneatthetopofsaidseconddistillationcolumnandremovalofthetracesofproductshavingahigherboilingpointthanbutadieneasbottomproduct.
10.Theprocessofclaim5,inwhichthehydrocarbonfractioncontainingbutadieneisfedintothefirstextractivedistillationcolumnatapointofthecolumnbetweenthe53rdandthe55thplateandthevaporstreamcontainingbutadieneisdrawnfromsaidfirstextractivedistillationcolumnatthelevelofthe150thplate.
11.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichthesecondextractivedistillationcolumncontainsfrom95to100plates.
12.Theprocessofclaim1,inwhichthevaporstreamcontainingacetylenehydrocarbonsisdrawnfromthesecondextractivedistillationcolumnatthelevelofthe75thplatefromthetopofthecolumn.
13.Theprocessofclaim1,whereinsaidaqueousacetonitrileisfedatonepointsituatedbetweentheheadofthesecondextractivedistillationcolumnandthepointofintroductionofthevaporstreamcontainingbutadiene.
Description:
Thepresentinventionrelatestotheseparationofbutadiene(1,3-butadiene)ofhighpurity,frommixtureswhichcontainittogetherwithotherhydrocarbons.
Thebutadieneconstitutesamuchvaluedproductwhichfindsmanyapplications,particularlyinthepreparationofsyntheticrubber,suchasthecopolymersofbutadieneandstyreneoracrylonitrile,andmorerecentlypolybutadiene.
Thesourceforbutadienenormallyusedinindustryisahydrocarbonmixtureobtainedbypyrolysisofpetroleumcuts.
Infact,itisknownthatintheproductionofethyleneand/orpropylenebypyrolysisofliquefiedpetroleumgasorofnaphtha,oneobtains,amongthesecondaryproducts,afraction(C4fraction)richinbutadieneandalsocontainingbutenes(butene-1,trans-butene-2andcis-butene-2)andacetylenes(methylacetylene,ethylacetyleneandvinylacetylene).
ThisC4fractioncannotbefractionatedintoitsindividualconstituentsbymeansofthenormaldistillationtreatmentsand,therefore,oneresortstoextractivedistillationinthepresenceofspecialsolvents,inordertoseparateabutadienehavingtherequisitedegreeofpurity.
Infact,theimpurities,especiallytheacetylenes,haveadeleteriouseffectonthepolymerizationofbutadiene.
Thesolventssuitableforextractivedistillationpossesspolarcharacteristicsandarenormallyselectedamong:
acetonitrile,acetone,furfural,dimethylformamide,dioxan,phenol,N-methyl-pyrrolidoneanddimethylacetamide.
Operatinginaccordancewiththepriorart,itisnoteasytoobtainhighyieldsofbutadiene,especiallybecauseofthedifficultyinsatisfactorilyseparatingthiscompoundfromtheacetylenehydrocarbons.Therearealsorisksofpolymerizationofthebutadiene,andsuchaphenomenon,apartfromadecreaseintheyield,cangiverisetodepositsandobstructionsintheapparatus.
Amongstthevariouscausesforthis,thetemperatureisofspecialimportancebecauseitfavourstheformationofpolymersandthereforeitisessential,althoughthenverydifficult,tokeepthetemperaturelevelsinthecolumnatsufficientlylowvalues,inasmuchasthesimpleuseofbutadienepolymerisationinhibitorsdoesnotproducesatisfactoryresults.
Thecrudebutadienewhichisrecoveredaftertheextractivedistillationtreatmentis,asknown,subjectedtorectificationforthepurposeofremovingtheresidualimpurities.
Whenoneoperatesbymeansoftheconventionalmethods,thequantityandthenatureoftheseimpuritiesisgenerallysuchastomaketherectificationtreatmentveryexpensive.
Inconclusion,inordertoobtainsufficientlypurebutadiene,withtheknownmethods,oneoperateswithexpensiveprocesseswhichrequireahighenergyconsum
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