MBA考研英语二真题及答案.docx
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MBA考研英语二真题及答案.docx
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MBA考研英语二真题及答案
2019年MBA/MPA考研英语
(二)真题及答案
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblank
andmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Weighingyourselfregularlyisawonderfulwaytostayawareofany
significantweightfluctuations.1,whendonetoooften,thishabitcan
sometimeshurtmorethanit2.
Asforme,weighingmyselfeverydaycausedmetoshiftmyfocusfrombeing
generallyhealthyandphysicallyactivetofocusing3onthescale.Thatwas
badtomyoverallfitnessgoals.Ihadgainedweightintheformofmusclemass,
butthinkingonlyof4thenumberonthescale,Ialteredmytrainingprogram.
ThatconflictedwithhowIneededtotrainto5mygoals.
Ialsofoundthatweighingmyselfdailydidnotprovideanaccurate6of
thehardworkandprogressIwasmakinginthegym.Ittakesaboutthreeweeks
toamonthtonoticeanysignificantchangesinyourweight7alteringyour
trainingprogram.Themost8changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel,strength
andincheslost
Forthese9,Istoppedweighingmyselfeverydayandswitchedtoabimonthly
weighingschedule10.Sinceweightlossisnotmygoal,itislessimportant
formeto_11_myweighteachweek.Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserve
and12anysignificantweightchanges.ThattellsmewhetherIneedto13my
trainingprogram.
Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in14togetinformationaboutmynutritionas
well.Ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame,butI'mconstantly15and
droppingweight,thisisa16thatIneedtoincreasemydailycaloricintake.
The17tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewondersformyoverall
health,fitnessandwell-being.I'mexperiencingincreasedzealforworking
outsinceInolongercarrytheburdenofa18morningweigh-in.I'vealso
experiencedgreatersuccessinachievingmyspecificfitnessgoals,19I'm
trainingaccordingtothosegoals,notthenumbersonascale.
Ratherthan20overthescale,turnyourfocustohowyoulook,feelhow
yourclothesfitandyouroverallenergylevel.
1.[A]Besides[B]Therefore[C]Otherwise[D]However
2.[A]helps[B]cares[C]warns[D]reduces
3.[A]initially[B]solely[C]occasionally[D]formally
4.[A]recording[B]lowering[C]explaining[D]accepting
5.[A]modify[B]set[C]review[D]reach
6.[A]definition[B]depiction[C]distribution[D]prediction
7.[A]dueto[B]regardlessof[C]asidefrom[D]alongwith
8.[A]orderly[B]rigid[C]precise[D]immediate
9.[A]claims[B]judgments[C]reasons[D]methods
10.[A]instead[B]though[C]again[D]indeed
11.[A]report[B]share[C]share[D]share
12.[A]dependon[B]approveof[C]holdonto[D]accountfor
13.[A]prepare[B]share[C]share[D]share
14.[A]results[B]features[C]rules[D]tests
15.[A]bored[B]anxious[C]hungry[D]sick
16.[A]principle[B]secret[C]belief[D]sign
17.[A]request[B]necessity[C]decision[D]wish
18.[A]disappointing[B]surprising[C]restricting[D]consuming
19.[A]ifbecause[B]unless[C]until[D]consuming
20.[A]obsessing[B]dominating[C]puzzling[D]triumphing
1-20参考答案:
CDAACADCBDACBDBCBDAD
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextby
choosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness,fear,andanger,guilt
emergesalittlelater,inconjunctionwithachild'sgrowinggraspofsocial
andmoralnorms.Childrenaren'tbornknowinghowtosay“I'msorry”;rather,
theylearnovertimethatsuchstatementsappeaseparentsandfriends--and
theirownconsciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-calledmoral
guilt,intherightamount,tobeagoodthing.
Inthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadrap.Itis
deeplyuncomfortable--it'stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacket
weightedwithstones.Yetthisunderstandingisoutdated.“Therehasbeena
kindofrevivalorarethinkingaboutwhatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcan
serve,”saysAmrishaVaish,apsychologyresearcherattheUniversityof
Virginia,addingthatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotions
aren'tbinary--feelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextmaybeharmful
inanother.Jealousyandanger,forexample,mayhaveevolvedtoalertusto
importantinequalities.Toomuchhappinesscanbedestructive.
Andquilt,bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutourgoodness,can
encouragehumanstomakeupforerrorsandfixrelationships.Guilt,inother
words,canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.Itisakindofsocial
glue.
Viewedinthislight,guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalti,a
psychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto,suggeststhatguiltmay
compensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies,Maltiandothers
haveshownthatguiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaysto
cooperationandsharing.SomeKidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupforthat
shortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcanreinintheirnastierimpulses.
Andviceversa:
Highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.
Ina2014study,forexample,Maltilookedat244children.Usingcaregiver
eachchild's
-observations,sheratedassessmentsandthechildren'sself
overallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotionsafter
moraltransgressions.Thenthekidswerehandedchocolatecoins,andgivena
chancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathykids,how
muchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowinclinedtheyweretofeelguilty.
Theguilt-proneonessharemore,eventhoughtheyhadn'tmagicallybecomemore
sympathetictotheotherchild'sdeprivation.
“That'sgoodnews,”Maltisays,“Wecanbeprosocialbecausewecaused
harmandwefeelregret.”
21.Researchersthinkthatguiltcanbeagoodthingbecauseitmayhelp
_______.
A.regulateachild'sbasicemotions
B.improveachild'sintellectualability
C.fosterachild'smoraldevelopment
D.intensifyachild'spositivefeelings
22.AccordingtoParagraph2,manypeoplestillconsiderguilttobe
_______.
A.deceptive
B.burdensome
C.addictive
D.inexcusable
23.Vaishholdsthattherethinkingaboutguiltcomesfromanawareness
that_______.
A.emotionsarecontext-independent
B.emotionsaresociallyconstructive
C.emotionalstabilitycanbenefithealth
D.anemotioncanplayopposingroles
24.Maltiandothershaveshownthatcooperationandsharing_______.
A.mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficiencies
B.canresultfromeithersympathyorguilt
C.canbringaboutemotionalsatisfaction
D.maybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveacts
25.Theword“transgressions”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaning
to_______.
A.teachings
B.discussions
C.restrictions
D.wrongdoings
21-25参考答案:
CBDBD
Text2
Forestsgiveusshade,quietandoneofthehardercallengesinthefight
againstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscountonforeststosoakupagood
shareofthecarbondioxideweproduce,wearethreateningtheirabilityto
doclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhat
emitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.
Thankfully,thereisawayoutofthistrap-butitinvolvesstrikinga
carbonsinkslonginto
valuableflourishassubtlebalance.Helpingforests
thefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytoabsorbcarbonnow.Califormia
isleadingtheway,asitdoesonsomanyclimateefforts,infiguringoutthe
details.
Thestate'sproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleeffortstothinout
youngtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest.Thistemporarilylowers
carbon-carryingcapacity.Buttheremainingtreesdrawagreatershareofthe
availablemoisture,sotheygrowandthrive,restoringtheforest'scapacity
topullcarbonfromtheair.Healthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoff
insects.Thelandscapeisrenderedlesseasilyburnable.Evenintheeventof
afire,fewertreesareconsumed.
Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already,since
2010,droughtandinsectshavekilledover100milliontreesinCalifornia,most
ofthemin2016alone,andwildfireshaveburnedhundredsofthousandsofacres.
Californiaplanstotreat35,000acresofforestayearby2020,and60,000
by2030-financedfromtheproceedsofthestate'semissions-permitauctions.
That'sonlyasmallshareofthetotalacreagethatcouldbenefit,abouthalf
amillionacresinall,soitwillbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatest
riskoffireordrought.
Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfrom
theforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumberorburnedasbiofuel
invehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuels.Newresearchon
transportationbiofuelsisalreadyunderway.
Stategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests,but
traditionallythey'vefocusedonwildlife,watershedsandopportunitiesfor
recreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometoseethevitalpartforestswill
havetoplayinstoringcarbon.Califormia'splan,whichisexpectedtobe
finalizedbythegovernornextyear,shouldserveasamodel.
26.Bysaying“oneoftheharderchallenges,”theauthorimplies
that_________.
A.globalclimatechangemaygetoutofcontrol
B.peoplemaymisunderstandglobalwarming
C.extremeweatherconditionsmayarise
D.forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat
27.Tomaintainforestsasvaluable“carbonsinks,wemayneed
to__________.
A.preservethediversityofspeciesinthem
B.accelera
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