Socrates.ppt
- 文档编号:2674759
- 上传时间:2022-11-06
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Socrates.ppt
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SOCRATESSocrates(469BC399BC)HewasaClassicalGreekphilosopher,whowasthemostinterestingandinfluentialthinkerinthefifthcentury.SocrateswasafamousancientGreekthinker,philosopherandeducator,heandhisstudentPlato,andPlatosstudentAristotlecalledAncientGreekthree-yin”andwasmorewidelyconsideredtobethefoundersofWesternphilosophy.ANCIENTGREEKTHREE-YINAccordingtomanyancientrecords,SocrateswasborninthegoldenageofAthens.Hisfatherwasacarver,andhismotherwasamidwife.Helooksordinary,plainlanguage,butwiththeideaofdivine.HewasborninthemomentthatwonacompletevictoryinthePersianWar,grewupintheGoldenAgeofPericles,whenthewisemenfromallpartsofGreecegatheredinAthens.ThedemocraticsysteminAthenshasbroughtmanynewknowledgeandfreedom.TheyoungSocratesbenefitedgreatlyfromtheperiod.Aswellashegottheachievementsofhisown.Socrateslivedahardlifethroughouthislifetime.Regardlessfreezingwinterorsultrysummer,healwaysworearegularclothes,andoftendidnotwearshoes,paynoattentiontoeating.Buthedidnotseemtonoticethese,justdedicatedtolearning.Hislifestories,achievementsinideology,recordedbyhisdisciples.Whenhewasyoung,Socrateslearnedcarvingcraftfromhisfather.Later,hebecameinterestedintheworksofHomerandotherfamouspoets.Hebecameaknowledgeablepersonbyhimself.Hemadehislivingbyimpartknowledge.Overhis30years,hedidnottakearewardandnotsetupaschool.Hebecameasocialandmoralteacher.ThroughhisportrayalinPlatosdialogues,Socrateshasbecomerenownedforhiscontributiontothefieldofethics,anditisthisPlatonicSocrateswhoalsolendshisnametotheconceptsofSocraticironyandtheSocraticmethod,orelenchus.HISCONTRIBUTIONElenchusremainsacommonlyusedtoolinawiderangeofdiscussions,andisatypeofpedagogyinwhichaseriesofquestionsareaskednotonlytodrawindividualanswers,buttoencouragefundamentalinsightintotheissueathand.ItissaidthatSocratesalsomadeimportantandlastingcontributionstothefieldsofepistemologyandlogic,andtheinfluenceofhisideasandapproachremainsstronginprovidingafoundationformuchwesternphilosophythatfollowed.FAMOUSREMARKLifeislikemusic.Itmustbecomposedbyear,feelingandinstinct,notbyrule.人生如一首乐曲,要用乐感,感情和直觉去谱写.不能只按乐律行事.Knowyourself.认识你自己.Ourgreatestgloryconsistsnotineverfallingbutinrisingeverytimewefall.我们最值得自豪的不在于从不跌倒,而在于每次跌倒之后都爬起来.Iknownothingexceptthefactofmyignorance.智慧意味着自知无知.Socratesquestionedpeopleabouttheirviewofperfection,beautyandvirtue.Asaresult,hefoundthatalthoughtheythoughtthattheyknewalot,butinrealitytheydonotknowanythingatall.SoSocratesconcludes:
heissmarterthanotherswasonlyintheaspectofwhichheadmittedwhathedidnotknow.ThewisdomofSocratescausedmanystupidpoliticiansinAthensturntoopposehim,leadingtothetrialofagodless.THEDEATHOFSOCRATESAtlast,Socrateswasadjudgedguiltyandsentencedtodeath.AccordingtotherecordsofXenophonandPlato,Socratesoriginallyhadtheopportunitytoescape,hisstudentswerereadytobribeprisonguardstohelpSocratesfleeAthens.Butherefusedbecausehelearnedthathemustabidebythelawsofthiscity-state.Sohestilldrinkspoisonpansyjuice.Basedontherecords,Socratesdiedquitecalm.THEDEATHOFSOCRATESAthensdidnotbecomemorebrilliantonaccountofkilledSocrates,noranyrecordaboutthosejudges.SocrateswenttohisGod.Whichroadisbetter,onlyGodknows.Thousandsofwalkersarefurtherandfurtheraway,butnoonecanerasefromtheirmindsthisfictionalname-Socrates.THANKYOU!
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