模具专业外文文献最新.docx
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模具专业外文文献最新.docx
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模具专业外文文献最新
济南大学泉城学院
毕业设计外文资料翻译
题目现代快速经济制造模具技术
专业机械制造及其自动化
班级专升本1302班
学生刘计良
学号2013040156
指导教师刘彦
二〇一五年三月十六日
IntJAdvManufTechnol,(2011)53:
1–10DOI10.1007/s00170-010-2796-y
Modulardesignappliedtobeverage-containerinjectionmolds
Ming-ShyanHuang&Ming-KaiHsu
Received:
16March2010/Accepted:
15June2010/Publishedonline:
25June2010
#Springer-VerlagLondonLimited2010
Modulardesignappliedtobeverage-containerinjectionmolds
TheAbstract:
Thisworkappliesmodulardesignconceptstodesignatingbeverage-containerinjectionmolds.Thisstudyaimstodevelopamethodofcontrollingcostsandtimeinrelationtomolddevelopment,andalsotoimproveproductdesign.Thisinvestigationcomprisestwoparts:
functional-itycoding,andestablishingastandardoperationprocedure,specificallydesignedforbeverage-containerinjectionmolddesignandmanufacturing.First,theinjectionmoldisdividedintoseveralmodules,eachwithaspecificfunction.Eachmoduleisfurtherdividedintoseveralstructuralunitspossessingsub-functionorsub-sub-function.Next,dimen-sionsandspecificationsofeachunitarestandardizedandacompatibleinterfaceisconstructedlinkingrelevantunits.Thisworkemploysacup-shapedbeveragecontainertoexperimentallyassesstheperformanceofthemodulardesignapproach.Theexperimentalresultsindicatethatthemodulardesignapproachtomanufacturinginjectionmoldsshortensdevelopmenttimeby36%andreducescostsby1923%comparedwiththeconventionalap-proach.Meanwhile,theinformationonmodularityhelpsdesignersindiverseproductsdesign.Additionally,thefunctionalitycodehelpseffectivelymanageandmaintainproductsandmolds.
Keywords:
Beveragecontainer、Injectionmold、Modulardesign、Productfamily
1.Introduction
Recently,growingmarketcompetitionandincreasinglydiversecustomerdemandhasforcedcompetitorstoincreasethespeedatwhichtheydelivernewproductstothemarket.However,developingamoldformassproduc-tionrequiresconsideringnumerousfactors,includingproductgeometry,dimensions,andaccuracy,leadingtolongproductdevelopmenttime.Introducingmodulardesignconceptsintoproductdesignappearsakeymeanoffacilitatingproductdevelopment,sinceitincreasesdesignflexibilityandshortensdeliverytime[1–4].Mean-while,ahighlevelofproductmodularityenhancesproductinnovativeness,flexibility,andcustomerservices[5].
Modularityistosubdivideacomplexproductintomodulesthatcanbeindependentlycreatedandthenareeasilyusedinterchangeably[6,7].Therearethreegeneralfieldswheremodularitycouldbeimplementedincludingmodularityindesign(MID),modularityinuse(MIU),andmodularityinproduction(MIP)[8].MIDinvolvesstan-dardizingbasicstructuralunitswhichperformspecificfunctions,thusfacilitatingflexibleassemblyofvariousproducts[9,10].MIDcanrevealproductstructure,namelytherelationshipamongdifferentproducts.Relatedproductsaretermedproductfamilyandincludebothbasicandspecificfunctions.Developingproductfamiliesoffersbenefitsintermsofmulti-purposedesignandthusreducesproductioncosts[11,12].MIUisconsumer-drivendecom-positionofaproductwithaviewtosatisfyingtheeaseofuseandindividually.MIPenablesthefactoryfloortopre-combinealargenumberofcomponentsintomodulesandthesemodulestobeassembledoff-lineandthenbroughtontothemainassemblylinetobeincorporatedintoasmallandsimpleseriesoftasks.
MIDhasbeenbroadlyappliedtonumerousareasandhasexertedsignificanteffectsintermsofcostreductionanddesigndiversity[13,14].However,thereislimitedempiricalresearchthathasappliedmodulardesigntomolds[15–18].Thisstudythusaimstoreducemolddevelopmenttimebyapplyingmodulardesignanddevelopastandardoperationprocedurefordesigningbeverage-containerinjectionmolds,whicharecharacterizedbyscoresorevenhundredsofcomponents.
2.Generalproceduresofdesigninginjectionmolds
Basically,aninjectionmoldsetconsistsoftwoprimarycomponents,thefemalemoldandthemalemold.Themoltenplasticentersthecavitythroughasprueinthefemalemold.Thespruedirectsthemoltenplasticflowingthroughrunnersandenteringgatesandintothecavitygeometrytoformthedesiredpart.Sidesofthepartthatappearparallelwiththedirectionofthemoldopeningaretypicallyangledslightlytoeaserejectionofthepartfromthemold.Thedraftanglerequiredformoldreleaseisprimarilydependentonthedepthofthecavityandtheshrinkagerateofplasticmaterials.Themoldisusuallydesignedsothatthemoldedpartreliablyremainsonthemalemoldwhenitopens.Ejectorpinsorejectorplateisplacedineitherhalfofthemold,whichpushesthefinishedmoldedproductorrunnersystemoutofamold.Thestandardmethodofcoolingispassingacoolantthroughaseriesofholesdrilledthroughthemoldplatesandconnectedbyhosestoformacontinuouspathway.Thecoolantabsorbsheatfromthemoldandkeepsthemoldatapropertemperaturetosolidifytheplasticatthemostefficientrate.Toeasemaintenanceandventing,cavitiesandcoresaredividedintopieces,calledinserts.Bysubstitutinginterchangeableinserts,onemoldmaymakeseveralvariationsofthesamepart.
Generalmolddesignprocesscontainstwoparts[19]:
partdesignandmolddesign.Thepartdesignprocesscontainsfivemajorprocedures:
definingmainpullingdirection,definingcoreandcavity,calculatingshrinkagerate,definingdraftangle,andthendefiningpartingline.Themolddesignprocessmainlyincludeschoosingamoldbase,positioningthemoldedpart,designingcoreandcavity,designingcomponents,designingcoolantchannels,creatingreturningpin,addingejectorpin,creatinggateandrunner,addinglocatingringandspruebushinginsequence.
3.Applyingmodulardesignforbeveragecontainers
Thisstudyappliesmodulardesigntobeverage-containerinjectionmoldsviaafivestageprocess,asfollows:
(1)productclassificationandmachinespecifications,
(2)divisionofinjectionmoldsintomodulesbasedonfunc-tionality,(3)divisionofindividualmodulesintomultipleunitswithsub-functions,andtherelationshipbetweendesignandassemblyforeachunit,(4)standardizationofstructuralunits,and(5)codingofstandardstructuralunits.Theseindividualprocessesaredetailedbelow.
Clampingplate
Clampingmodule
Femalemoldbase
Malemoldbase
Manifold
Hot-runnermodule
Hot-tipbushing
Hottip
Abeverage-container
Femalemoldinsert
hot-runnerinjectionmold
Cupbasefemalemoldinsert
Moldingmodule
Malecoolingbase
Malemoldinsert
Airejector
Leaderpin
Guidingmodule
Leaderpinbushing
Cost
Durationofmodularmold
developmentprocess
Cost
Durationofconventionalmold
down
developmentprocess
Highlyefficientprocess
deliveryMaterials
machiningCNC
Milling
Turning
treatmentHeat
product-Semi
EDM
cuttingWire
Polishing
Texture
Product
Time
Conventionalmolddevelopmentprocess
Reductionofworkinghours
Modularmolddevelopment
process
Fig.2Comparisonofconventionalandmodularmolddevelopmentprocesses
3.1Productclassificationandmachinespecifications
Thisstepclassifiesallofthebeveragecontainersbasedontheirgeometryanddimensions,andselectsthemachinewiththemostsuitablespecificationsforproduction.Therearefivemajorqualificationsforaninjectionmoldingmachine,includingsufficientmoldclampingforce,suffi-cienttheoreticalshotvolume,sufficientdistancebetweentiebars,sufficientrangeofmoldthickness,andsufficientmoldclampingstroke.
3.2Divisionofinjectionmoldsintomodulesbasedonfunctionality
Thisstepdividesamoldsetintoseveralmoduleswithindividualfunctions.Theprinciplesofdivisionincludegeneralrule,divisionrule,applicabilityrule,andinter-changerule.Ingeneralrule,modulesmustcontainallthefunctionsofbeverage-containerinjectionmolds.Indivisionrule,eachfunctionalmodulemustcontainatleastonefundamentalfunctionandeachunitmustfulfillitsownspecificfunctions.Astoapplicabilityrule,unitsfulfillingasinglefunctionarepreferred.Forinterchangerule,funda-mentalunitsshouldbeinterchangeableamongmodulesafterdividingmoldsintoproductfamilies.
3.3Divisionofamoduleintomultipleunits
withsub-functionandtherelationshipbetweendesignandassemblyforeachunitFigure1illustratesthestructureofabeverage-containermoldthatincludesseveralfunctionalmodules.Thefunc-tionsofindividualmodulesarefurtherextendedtothestructuralunitviasub-functionsorsub-sub-functions.Thedividedmodulesincludeclampingmodule,hot-runnermodule,moldingmodule,ejectingmodule,andguidingmodule.Theclampingmodulefunctionsforpreciselypositioningindividualunitsandmodulesonaninjectionmoldingmachine.Thehot-runnermoduleistomaintaintheflowabilityofmoltenplasticsviaheating.Themoldingmodulecontrolsthegeometryanddimensionalaccuracyofinjection-moldedparts.Theejectingmoduleejectsinjection-moldedpartsfromthemoldcavity.Theguid
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