职称英语考试理工类A级真题及答案.docx

职称英语考试理工类A级真题及答案.docx

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职称英语考试理工类A级真题及答案

2009年职称英语考试理工类A级真题及答案

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1　Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining?

　　　A　long　　　　　　Beverlasting

　　　C　temporary　　　　Dboring

　　2　Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.

　　　A　damaged　　　　　Bshaken

　　　C　fallen　　　　　　Djumped

　　3　Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic.

　　　A　faithful　　　　　Broyal

　　　C　sincere　　　　　Dgenuine

　　4　Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics.

　　　A　simplicity　　　Battraction

　　　C　power　　　　　Drigor

　　5　Tenyearsaftertheevent,herdeathstillremainsapuzzle.

　　　A　mist　　　　　　　Bfog

　　　C　secret　　　　　　Dmystery

　　6　Johnwasirritatedbythenecessityforpoliteconversation,

　　　A　troubled　　　　　Bannoyed

　　　C　threatened　　　　Daroused

　　7　Academicrecordscannotbeduplicated.

　　　A　borrowed　　　　　Bpurchased

　　　C　copied　　　　　　Drewritten

　　8　Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch

　　　Aencouraged　　　　Bfastened

　　　Craised　　　　　　Dinitiated

　　9　Wehaveamplemoneyforthejourney

　　　A　some　　　　　　Blittle

　　　C　enough　　　　　Dextra

　　10Thedoctor'spillsworkedmarvelsforme.

　　　A　miracles　　　　Bpatients

　　　C　illness　　　　Drecovery

　　11Mary'sperpetualmoaningnearlydrovememad.

　　　A　endless　　　　　Bmonotonous

　　　C　serious　　　　　Dbitter

　　12Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment

　　　A　old　　　　　　　Bunforgettable

　　　C　unfair　　　　　　Dfunny

　　13Youdidn'tadheretotheseprinciples.

　　　A　order　　　　　　Bfollow

　　　C　prove　　　　　　Dhandle

　　14Thefarmersalsowanttousethewatertoirrigatethebarrenland.

　　　A　empty　　　　　　Bhairless

　　　C　smooth　　　　　Dbare

　　15Anyonewhowantstoapplyforaloanneedreadthefollowingspecifications.

　　　A　expressions　　　Bwarnings

　　　C　advertisements　　Dinstructions

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Water-theIssueofThisCentury

　　Theworldisrunningshortoffreshwater.Populationsaregrowingbiggerand

　　Thirstier（渴的）,withtheresultthatfreshwaterisbecomingincreasinglyscarce（缺乏）.Halftheworld'swetlandshavedisappearedduringthelastcentury,whileestimatessuggestthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.

　　TheWorldBankreportestimatesthatasmuchashalfoftheworld'spopulation,concentratedinAfrica,theMiddleEastandsouthAsia,willface'severewatershortages'by2025.Localwaterconflictsandthelossoffreshwaterecosystemsappearlargeinsomeregions.

　　Asimilarpictureemergesfromtheglobe'ssaltwaterregions.Three-quartersoftheworld'speoplemaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025,puttingevenmorepressureonstretchedcoastalecosystems.Twothirdsoffisheries（渔业）areexploitedatorbeyondtheirsustainablelimits,andhalftheworld'scoralreefs（珊瑚礁）mayperishin100years.Almost60%ofcoralreefsand34%offishspeciesareatriskfromhumanactivities,theBanksays.

　　Thereportconcludesthatthereisampleevidencetojustifyimmediateandcoordinatedactiontosafeguardsuppliesandusewatermoreefficiently.

　　Freshwaterconsumptionisrisingquickly,andtheavailabilityofwaterinsomeregionsislikelytobecomeoneofthemostpressingissuesofthe21stcentury.

　　Athirdoftheworld'spopulation-aroundtwobillionpeople-liveincountriesthatareexperiencingmoderatetohighwatershortages.Thatproportioncouldrisetohalformoreinthenext30yearsunlessinstitutions（制度）changetoensurebetterconservationandallocationofwater.

　　Chinaisonecountrywheretheportents（征兆）aregloomy.Themostwater-stressedcountryinEastAsia,Chinaisexploiting44%ofitsusablewater,afigureprojectedtoriseto60%by2020.Primarywithdrawalofwaterofmorethan60%iswidelyconsideredbywaterexpertstoexceedtheenvironmentalcarryingcapacityofariverbasinsystem.AlthoughChina'stotaluseappearsstilltobereasonable,ithasseveralbasinsthatareseverelystressedenvironmentally.

　　WithdrawalsexceedenvironmentallimitsinAfghanistanandPakistan,andwillexceedtheminIndiaby2020.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica,onlyMoroccohasunexploitedwaterresources.Theresthaveexceededenvironmentallimitsandmanyareminingaquifers（蓄水层）-bodiesofwater-bearingrock-thereportsays.

　　16　Itisestimatedthatwaterusewillriseby50%inthenext30years.

　　A　Right　　B　Wrong　　CNotmentioned

　　17　Mostdevelopedcountrieswillfacewatershortagesin20years.

　　A　Right　　B　Wrong　　CNotmentioned

　　18　Mostoftheworld'spopulationmaylivewithin100kmoftheseain2025.

　　A　Right　　B　Wrong　　CNotmentioned

　　19　Almostallcoralreefsmaydisappearin100years.

　　A　Right　　B　Wrong　　CNotmentioned

　　20　SomespeciesoffishintheAtlanticareatdangerouslylowlevels.

　　A　Right　　B　Wrong　　CNotmentioned

　　21　TheWorldBankreportimpliesthaturgentactionshouldbetakentoprotectwatersupplies.

　　A　Right　　B　Wrong　　CNotmentioned

　　22　Indiaexceedsenvironmentallimitsforwateruse.

　　A　Right　　B　Wrong　　CNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　Chimpanzees

　　1　　Chimpanzees（黑猩猩）willsoonbeextinct（灭绝）.Ifthepresentrateofhuntingandhabitat（栖息地）destructioncontinues,thenwithin20years,therewillbenochimpanzeeslivinginthewild.Butthisismorethananenvironmentalormoraltragedy（悲剧）.Chimpanzeeextinctionmayalsohaveprofoundimplications（含意）forthesurvivaloftheirdistantrelatives-humanbeings.

　　2　　In1975thebiologistMarie-ClaireKingandAllanWilsondiscoveredthatthehumanandchimpanzeegenomes（基因组）matchbyover98%.Comparethistothemouse,

　　usedasmodelforhumandiseaseinlabtests,whichsharesonly60%ofitsDNAwithus.Infact,chimpanzeesarefarmoresimilartohumansthantheyaretoanyotherspeciesofmonkey.Aswellasresemblingusgenetically,chimpsarehighlyintelligentandabletousetools.Thesefactsaloneshouldbeenoughtomakeprotectionofchimpsanurgentpriority（优先）.Butthereisanother,moreselfishreasontopreservethechimp.

　　3　　Thechimpanzees'trumpcard（王牌）comesinthefieldofmedicalresearch.Chimpanzeesaresosimilartohumansthatveterinarians（兽医）oftenrefertohumanmedicaltextbookswhentreatingthem.Yetchimpanzeesdoshowdifferencesinseveralkeyareas.Inparticular,chimpsaremuchmoreresistanttoanumberofmajordiseases.Itisthisabilitythatissointeresting.

　　4　　Forexample,chimpsseemtoshowamuchhigherresistancethanhumanstoHIV,thevirusthatcausesAIDS.Indeed,theiruseasexperimentalanimalsinAIDSresearchhasdeclinedbecausetheyaresoresistant.

　　5　　Bysequencingthechimpgenomeandpinpointing（找到）theplacewherethechimpanzeeDNAsequencediffersfromthatofhumans,scientistshopetobeabletodiscoverwhichpartofthegeneticcodegiveschimpstheirincreasedresistancetosomediseases.This,theyhope,willallowthemtodevelopnewandmoreeffectivetreatmentsforthehumanformsofthesediseases.Suchtreatmentscouldincludetheproductionofnewdrugsoreventhealteration（改变）ofthehumangeneticsequence.Therecentlycompletedhumangenomesequencingprojecthasshownthatsuchaneffortisnowwellwithinourreach.

　　23　Paragraph1　　　　　.

　　24　Paragraph2　　　　　.

　　25　Paragraph3　　　　　.

　　26　Paragraph4　　　　　.

　　A　Geneticdifferencesbetweenchimpsand"humans

　　B　ReasonsforHIVresistance

　　C　Implicationsofchimpanzeeextinctionforhumans

　　D　EffectiveAIDStreatment

　　E　Geneticsimilaritiesbetweenchimpsandhumans

　　F　Chimps'resistancetoHIV

　　27　Chimpanzeeextinctionmayaffect　　　　　.

　　28　Thereisadifferenceoflessthan2%betweenthechimpand　　　　　.

　　29　Scientistssuspectthatgenesplayasignificantroleinprotectingchimpsfromgetting　　　　　.

　　30　Thediscoveryofthegeneticcodeofchimpswillbehelpfulto　　　　　.

　　A　healthierlifestyle

　　B　somehumandiseasetreatments

　　C　somediseases

　　D　humansurvival

　　E　humangenomes

　　F　keyareas

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇YouthEmancipationinSpain

TheSpanishGovernmentissoworriedaboutthenumberofyoungadultsstilllivingwiththeirparentsthatithasdecidedtohelpthemleavethenest.

Around55percentofpeopleaged18-34inSpainstillsleepintheirparents'homes,saysthelatestreportfromthecountry'sstate-runInstituteofYouth.

Tocoax（劝诱）youngpeoplefromtheirhomes,theInstitutestarteda"Youth

Emancipation（解放）"programthismonth.Theprogramoffersguidanceinfindingroomsandjobs.

Economistsblameyoungpeople'sfamilydependenceontheprecarious（不稳定的）labormarketandincreasinghousingprices.Housingpriceshaverisen17percentayearsince2000.

Culturalreasonsalsocontributetotheproblem,saysociologists（社会学家）.FamilytiesinsouthEurope-Italy,PortugalandGreece-arestrongerthanthoseinmiddleandnorthEurope,saidSpanishsociologistAlmudenaMorenoMinguezinherreport"TheLateEmancipationofSpanishYouth:

KeyforUnderstanding".

"Ingeneral,youngpeopleinSpainfirmlybelieveinthefamilyasthemainbodyaroundwhichtheirprivatelifeisorganized,"saidMinguez.

InSpain-especiallyinthecountryside,itisnotuncommontofindentiregroupsofaunts,uncles,cousins,niecesandnephews（外侄/侄子）alllivingonthesamestreet.TheyregularlygettogetherforSundaydinner.

Parents'toleranceisanotherfactor.Spanishparentsacceptlate-nightpartyingandarewaryofsettingbedtimerules.

"Achildc