英国文学.ppt.ppt
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英国文学.ppt.ppt
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Lecturing:
ChanghongTheSevenDeadlySins“Seven”在宗教上是个神秘的数字,上帝用七天造亚当,取出亚当的第七根肋骨造了夏娃。
撒旦的原身是有七个头的火龙,同时共有七名堕落天使被称为撒旦,所以基督教用撒旦的七个恶魔的形象来代表七种罪恶:
饕餮(Gluttony)、贪婪(Greed)、懒惰(Sloth)、淫欲(Lust)、嫉妒(Envy)、暴怒(Wrath)、傲慢(Pride).Howtopurifyyoursoul?
ReadingWritingConsiderationSelf-examineSelf-evaluationSelf-improving1.上古及中世纪时期(盎格鲁撒克逊)2.文艺复兴时期(莎士比亚时期)3.新古典主义时期(启蒙文学)4.浪漫主义时期5.维多利亚时期(现实主义)6.现代主义时期7.当代主义时期ThedevelopmentofUKliteratureOldandMedievalEnglishLiterature(约(约5C后期后期1485)TheRenaissancePeriod(15C后期后期-17C初)初)TheNeoclassicalPeriod(17C中期中期18C中中期)期)TheRomanticPeriod(17981832)TheVictorianPeriod(18361901)TheModernPeriod(19181945)TheContemporaryPeriod(1945now)OriginofMedievalEnglishLiteratureSincehistoricaltimes,England,wheretheearlyinhabitantswereCelts(坎尔特人),hasbeenconqueredthreetimes.Beingconqueredby:
theRomans(affectlittle)theAnglo-Saxons(盎格鲁-萨克森)(broughttheGermaniclanguageandculture)theNormans(broughtafreshwaveofMediterraneancivilizationGreekculture,RomanlawandChristianreligion)The1stphase:
1066-themid-14century(Almostabarrenperiodinliteraturecreation)The2ndphase:
Thesecondhalfof14thcentury(Englishliteraturestartedtoflourish:
GeoffreyChaucer,WilliamLangland,JohnGowerandsoon)LanguageAftertheNormanconquest,threelanguagesco-existedinEngland.qFrenchofficiallanguageusedbythekingandtheNormanlordsqLatintheprincipaltongueofchurchaffairsandinuniversitiesqOldEnglishBeingspokenonlybythecommonEnglishpeopleOldEnglishLiteratureFromabout450to1066,theyearoftheNormanconquestGenerallyspeaking,theOldEnglishPoetrycanbedividedintotwogroups:
ThereligiousgroupThesecular(世俗的)groupTheformerismainlyonbiblicalthemes,suchastheOldTestamentandtheNewTestamentBeowulfAtypicalexampleofOldEnglishPoetry,isregardedasthenationalepicoftheAngloSaxons.However,theheroandthesettingofBeowulfhavenothingtodowithEngland,forthestorytookplaceinScandinavia.Beginningandendingwiththefuneralofagreatking,andcomposedagainstabackgroundofimpending(即将来临的)disaster,BeowulfdescribestheexploitsofaScandinaviahero,infightingagainstthemonsterGrendel,hisrevengeful(充满仇恨的)mother,andafire-breathing(喷火的)dragon.ManoflettersGeoffreyChaucerpresentedusacomprehensivepictureoftheEnglishsocietyofhistimeandcreatedawholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallworksoflifeinhismasterpieceTheCanterburyTales(坎特伯雷故事)WhileWilliamisamorerealisticwriterwhodealtwiththereligiousandsocialissuesofhisdayinPiersPlowman(庄稼汉皮艾尔斯)ChaucerChaucerandRenaissanceTheinfluenceofRenaissancewasalreadyfeltinthefieldofEnglishLiteraturewhenChaucerwaslearningfromtheItalianwriterslikePetrarch(彼得拉克)andBoccaccio(薄加丘)inthelast14thcentury.Heaffirmedmansrighttopursueearthlyhappinessandopposedasceticism(禁欲主义)hepraisedmansenergy,intellect,quickwitadloveoflive;heexposedandsatiriziedthesocialvices(不道德的行为),includingreligiousabuses(陋习)。
SoChaucerbornmarksofhumanism(具有人文主义的印记)andanticipatedanewera(新世纪)tocome.TheRenaissancePeriodTheRenaissancePeriodmarksatransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Itreferstotheperiodbetweenthe14thandmid-17thcenturies.ItfirststartedinItaly,withthefloweringofpainting,sculptureandliterature.FromItalythemovementwenttoembracetherestofEurope.TheRenaissancewhichmeansrebirthorrevival,isactuallyamovementstimulatedbyaseriesofhistoricalevents,suchastherediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekculture,thenewdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology(占星学),thereligiousreformationandtheeconomicexpansion.TheLiteratureGiants(文学巨匠)*FrancisBacon(弗兰西斯(弗兰西斯培根)培根)4.*WilliamShakespeare(威廉(威廉莎士比亚)莎士比亚)3.*ChristopherMarlowe(克里斯托夫(克里斯托夫马洛)马洛)2.EdmundSpenser(埃德华埃德华斯宾塞)斯宾塞)1.5.*JohnDonne(约翰(约翰多恩)多恩)6.*JohnMilton(约翰约翰弥尔顿)弥尔顿)Spenser“thepoetspoet”vMasterpiecesTheFaerieQueene(仙后仙后)vThefivemainqualitiesofSpenserpoetriesare:
v1)aperfectmelody;(韵律)(韵律)v2)asenseofbeauty;(玄妙的美感)(玄妙的美感)v3)asplendidimagination;v4)aloftymoralpurityandseriousness;(崇高的道德纯洁性与严肃性)崇高的道德纯洁性与严肃性)v5)adedicatedidealism.(献声的理想主义)献声的理想主义)LOGOMarlowe-thepioneerofEnglishdramaTwogreatestachievements:
Theblankverse(无韵体诗)CreationoftheRenaissanceheroforEnglishdrama(创造了文艺复兴时期的人物形象)PLAYSvTamburlaine(帖木儿)帖木儿)vDr.Faustus(浮士德博士)浮士德博士)vTheJewofMalta(马耳他岛的犹太人马耳他岛的犹太人)vEdwardII(爱德华二世)爱德华二世)POETRYvHeroandtheLeander(海咯与勒安德尔)海咯与勒安德尔)vThePassionateShepherdtoHisLove(激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘)LOGO2121/9/9HowmuchdoyouknowaboutShakespeare?
WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)38playsThe1stperiod:
Apprenticeship(学徒期)5historyplays:
HenryVI,PartI,II,III,RichardIII4comedies:
ThecomedyoferrorsThe2ndperiod:
Highlyindividually(高度个性化)5historyplays:
RichardII,KingJohn6comedies:
AMidnightofSummer,TheMerchantofVenice,AsYouLikeIt,TwelfthNight2tragedies:
RomeoandJuliet,JuliusCaesarThe3rdPeriod:
GreatesttragediesandDarkcomedies(悲剧和悲喜剧)7gratesttragedies:
Hamlet,Othello,KingLear,Macbeth2Comedies:
AllsWellThatEndsWell,MeasureforMeasureThe4thPeriod:
romantictragicomedies:
(浪漫悲喜剧)TheTempest,TheWintersTale斯特拉特福莎士比亚的故乡莎士比亚的故乡ShakespeareHotelOtherAchievements154sonnets(154sonnets(十四行诗)十四行诗)2longnarrativepoems2longnarrativepoemsSonnet18ShallIcomparetheetoasummersday?
Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate:
Ro
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