动词时态三种变化总结.docx
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动词时态三种变化总结.docx
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动词时态三种变化总结
动词时态三种变化总结
动词时态三种变化总结
一般现在时
动词第三人称单数形式的构成规则:
a) 直接在动词词尾加s。
如:
help→helps, play→plays。
b) 以-s, -x, -ch, -sh, -o等结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。
如:
guess→guesses, watch→watches, go→goes。
c) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为 i再加-es。
如:
carry→carries, fly→flies。
动词的现在分词
1. 一般情况下,在动词后加-ing构成:
work→working 工作 sleep→sleeping 睡 wait→waiting等待 study→studying 学习 read→reading 读 talk→talking 谈话
2. 不发音的-e结尾的动词去掉e后再加-ing:
smile→smiling 微笑 move→moving write→writing 写 但是,若是发音的e结尾,则不能去e:
see→seeing 看见 agree→agreeing 同意
3. 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing:
sit→sitting 坐 plan→planning 计划 prefer→preferring 宁愿
4. 以字母ie结尾的动词,通常将ie改为y,再加ing:
die→dying 死 lie→lying 躺
动词的过去式:
【过去式的变化规则】
① 一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加ed。
如:
wanted,played。
② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加d。
如:
hoped,lived。
③ 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。
如:
stopped, shipped。
④ 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词去y加ed。
如:
studied,worried。
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am,is -was are--were 击败;敲打beat--beat
成为/变成become--became 开始begin--began 吹;刮blow—blew
折断;打破break—broke 带来bring--brought 建设;建造build--built 买buy—bought 能,能够can—could 抓/捉住;乘车catch-cought 选择;选choose--chose 来come--came 值cost—cost
切;割;砍cut-cut- 做do—did 绘画;画draw--drew 喝drink--drank 驾驶drive--drove 吃eat--eat 掉下;降落fall--fell 感到;感觉feel--felt 发现;找到find--found 飞fly--flew 忘记forget-forgot 取;获得get--got 给give--gave 去;走go--went 种植;成长grow—grew 有/吃have/has--had 听见hear--heard 保持keep—kept 知道;认识know--knew 学习;学会learn-learnt/learned
离开;落下leave--left 借出/给lend— lent 让let--let 位于lie--lay 丢失lose--lost 可以may--might 意味;意思mean---meant 遇见/到meet--met 放put--put 读read --read注意读法不同/e/ 骑ride--rode 铃响ring--rang 跑run--ran 说say—said 看见;看望see--saw 卖sell--selt 送send--sent
将;应该shall--should 照耀shine--shone 唱sing--sang 坐sit--sat 睡觉sleep--slept 闻;嗅smell--smelt
说;讲speak--spoke 花费;度过spend--spent 站stand—stood 扫;拖地sweep--swept 游泳swim--swam 拿走;带走take --took 教teach--taught 告诉;讲tell--told 想;认为think--thought 扔;掷throw--threw 理解/明白understand--understood
醒wake--woke 穿;戴wear--wore 将;愿will--would 赢得;战胜win--won 写write—wrote
一、 下列结构含有ing:
1. keep doing
2. keep /carry on doing 3. keep sb. Doing 4. enjoy doing 5. finish doing
6. be afraid of doing 7. be worth doing 8. be busy doing
9. how about doing//what about doing 10. spend some time (in)doing 11. spend some money (in) buying 12. feel like doing
13. stop/keep/prevent … from doing 14. thank you for doing 15. thanks for doing
16. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 17. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 18. mind/practise doing
19. prefer doing … to doing… 20. can’t help doing
21. there is/are +n.+ doing …
二、 下列结构用不带to的动词不定式:
1. had better (not) do sth. 2. would you please (not) do sth. 3. why not do sth. 4. why don’t you do sth. 5. Shall we do sth.?
6. let do sth. 7. make sb. do sth.
三、 下列结构用带to的动词不定式:
1. It’s time to do sth. 2. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 3. tell/ask/want/encourage sb. to do sth. 4. Would you like to do sth.?
5. It’s good/bad to do sth. 6. It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth. 7. be+adj.+enough to do sth. 8. sb. is ready to do sth.
9. It’s+adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 10. It’s+adj.+ of sb. to do sth. 11. would like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth. 12. would like/love sb. to do sth.
13. Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 14. what/how/ when/where/whether to do sth
15. can’t wait to do 16. too … to do … 17. be afraid /ready/able/sure to do
五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义不同:
1.stop to do/ doing 2.forget to do/ doing 3.remember to do/doing 4.go on to do/doing 5.like to do/doing 6.love to do/doing 7.prefer to do/doing 8.hate to do/doing
六、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同:
1.begin to do/doing 2.start to do/doing 3. learn to do/doing
七、下列结构用不带to的动词不定式和现在分词的含义不同:
用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程;用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。
1.hear sb do sth./doing 2.listen sb do sth./doing 3.look at sb do sth./doing 4.see sb do sth./doing 5.watch sb do sth./doing 6.notice sb do sth./doing
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三单练习
I.写出下列动词的相应形式:
1. 第三人称单数:
wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________ go________ snow______ carry_________
2.写出下列动词的过去式:
stop______ see________ drive
________let_______ carry______ keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______ 3. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式:
stay_______ begin______ forget_______ forget______ lie________ die _______ run_______ prefer______ give________
ring_______ dance______ hope_______
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1.I ________(write) to you as soon as I _______(get) to London.
2. He doean’t feel well and ____________(not eat) any food this morning. 3. He ______ not _______(see) me come in, for he ___________(read) something with great interest.
4. I _________(l;et) you have the book as soon as I _________(finish) it. 5. While we ________(wait) for our teacher, a little boy ________(run) up to us.
6. Don’t make a niose. Grandpa __________(sleep). 7.It’s seven now, Tom’s family__________(watch) TV.
8. It ________(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.
9. What ______ your mother _______(do) at eight yesterday evening?
She _______(wash) clothes.
10. _______ it ______ (rain) when school was over yesterday?
11. What _______(do) _______ tomorrow?
We ________ (play) football. 12. There ________ (be) a football match on TV this evening.
13. They said they ________ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday. 14. Who _______ (dance) the best in your class?
15. Will you come if he _____________ (not come)?
16. The teacher told us the earth __________ (move) round the sun. 17. They _______ (have) a party in the garden if it ________ (not rain) tomorrow.
18 She ________ (buy) a sweater yesterday.
19. I don’t know if Mr.Wang ______ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _____ (go), I ______ (ask) him _______ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _______ (study) there. III单项选择:
1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _____ tomorrow. A.don’t rain B. doesn’t rain C. won’t rain
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2. There _____ an English film next week.
A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be 3. The picture _______ nice.
A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking 4. She ______ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay
5. They _____ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to
6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _____ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Don’t smoke until the plane ______ off. A. takes B. took C. was taken D. is take 8. I saw her ____ the room this morning.
A. to enter() B. entered C. enter D. enters 9.the teacher asked us ______ to school on time. A. to come B. coming C. come D. comes 10. John is always ______ others.
A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help 11. He told us ______ at eight.
A. working B. to work C. work D. worked
12. You’d better ______ at home and ______ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do 13. He sat down ______ a rest.
A. having B. have C. to have D. had
14. Uncle Wang knows _______ a washing machine.
A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make
15. Jim decided _______ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave
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- 动词 时态 变化 总结
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