学年高三年级英语考前冲刺卷及参考答案新高考卷公共版.docx
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学年高三年级英语考前冲刺卷及参考答案新高考卷公共版.docx
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学年高三年级英语考前冲刺卷及参考答案新高考卷公共版
2020—2021学年高三年级英语考前冲刺卷1(新高考卷)(公共版)
英语试题
(试卷满分120分,考试时间90分钟)
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
HowtheVoxBookClubWorks
Everymonth,wepickabook.Wegothroughitweekbyweek,withadiscussionpostgoinguponthesiteeveryFriday.Eachdiscussionpostwillcontainthoughtsanddiscussionquestionsfromme,yourbookcritic,butwe’llalsohavecommentsturnedonsoyoucanshareyourthoughtstherewithachiefeditor,acolumnwriterandevenaTVhost.Useourdiscussionpostsasajumping-offpointwithyourownfriendsandfamily.Andattheendofthemonth,we’llholdadiscussion.
ThisJune’sMainDiscussion
ThisJune,we’llturntoWilliamGoldman’sThePrincessBride.Itisanadventurecomedy,whichisabouthowWestleyrescuedhislovelyandbeautifulgirlfriendButtercupfromawizardprince.You’veprobablyseentheclassic1987movieadaptedfromthebook,whichisoneofthosebook-and-moviepairswhereeachelementcanstandonitsown,thoughtheyalsoperfecteachotherinverysatisfyingways.That’sprobablybecauseWilliamGoldmanwasalsooneofHollywood’sgreatestscreenwriters.
FullVoxBookClubscheduleforthisJune
Friday,June5:
Discussioncoveringtheintroductiontothe30thanniversaryedition—chapter4(pp.viii-85)
Friday,June12:
Discussioncoveringchapters5—6(pp.87-264)
Friday,June19:
Discussioncoveringchapters7—8intheoriginaledition,plus“Buttercup’sBaby”attheendoflatereditions(pp.265-414)
Thursday,June25:
Virtualliveevent,detailstobediscussed.
Cometojoinus,andsignupfortheVoxBookClubnewslettertogetthelatestupdates.
1.WhowillcomeupwithdiscussionquestionseveryFriday?
A.Achiefeditor.B.Abookcritic.
C.Acolumnwriter.D.ATVhost.
2.WhatdoweknowaboutWilliamGoldman’sThePrincessBride?
A.Ithadbeenwrittenbefore1985.
B.Itisaboutasadlovestory.
C.Ithasbeenadaptedintoafilm.
D.Itpaysattentiontoeachelement.
3.WhatwillparticipantsdoonJune25?
A.Attendavirtuallivediscussion.
B.Signupfortheclubnewsletter.
C.Completethelatestupdates.
D.Discussseveralchapterstogether.
B
Manygraduationceremonieslookdifferent.ButforMelodyOrmond,itlookeddifferentbecauseoftheclassmatewhograduatedalongsideher—hergrandmother,75-year-oldPatOrmond.TheybothwenttotheUniversityofTennesseeatChattanooga(UTC)andgraduatedtogether.
PattookherfirstcollegeclassatKennesawStateUniversity42yearsago.Afteronesemester,shedroppedouttomovetoChattanooga,Tennessee,whereshespentthenextseveraldecadesworkingasanaccountantandraisingafamily.WhileshedidtakeanoccasionalclassatUTC,shesaysherfamilycontinuedtoencouragehertogobacktofinishherdegree,especiallyaftersheretired.SheagreedwhenhergranddaughterdecidedtomovetostudypsychologyatUTCafterayearatBereaCollegeinKentucky.TheybothenteredUTCwithenoughcollegecreditstomakegraduatingtogetherapossibility.
PatandMelodygraduatedonNovember20aspartofUTC’s2020class.TheachievementhasalsomadePatsomewhatofacelebrity.
“WearesoproudtohavegraduateslikeMelodyOrmondandhergrandmother,PatOrmond,intheUTCclassof2020,”saidStevenR.Angle,UTCChancellor,”Together,theypersonifythedetermination,commitmentandloveforlifelonglearningweencourageineveryUTCgraduate.”
Pathopesthatshecanbeanexampletoothernon-traditionalcollegestudentswhowanttogettheirdegrees.“Learningneverstops,”Patsaid.“That’ssomethingthatmyfathertaughtmewhenIwasyoung.Nomatterwhatyoudo,learningneverstops.Evenifit’sauditing(旁听)afewclasses,there’salwaysthatoption.“Patisn’tplanningtostopanytimesoon.She’salreadyworkingonanotherdegree—abachelor’sdegreeinhistory.
Meanwhile,hergranddaughter,whoishuntingjobs,isinterestedingettingamaster’sdegreeinclinicalpsychologysoshecanbecomealawyer.Butshesaysshe’sinnorush.Hernanahastaughtherthatshehasplentyoftime.
4.WhatwasspecialforMelody’sgraduationceremony?
A.Itlookeddifferentfromothers.
B.Hergrandmotherwas75-year-old.
C.Shecelebrateditwithallherclassmates.
D.Hergrandmothergraduatedalongsideher.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“personify”inParagraph4mean?
A.Represent.B.Follow.C.Repeat.D.Identify.
6.WhatcanweknowaboutPat’sfamily?
A.Theyareanxioustobecelebrities.
B.Theysupportandencourageeachother.
C.Theypreferauditingregularlessons.
D.Theyneverstopcreatingopportunities.
7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePatOrmond’sstory?
A.Passiongiveslifepower.B.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.
C.It’snevertoolatetolearn.D.Lovecanchangeeverything.
C
Hundredsofpeopledieatseaeveryyearduetoshipandairplaneaccidents.Emergencyteamshavelittletimetorescuethoseinthewaterbecausetheprobabilityoffindingapersonalivefallsdramaticallyaftersixhours.Beyondtidesandchallengingweatherconditions,unsteadycoastalcurrentsoftenmakesearchandrescueoperationsextremelydifficult.
NewinsightintocoastalflowsgainedbyaninternationalresearchteamledbyGeorgeHaller,ProfessorofNonlinearDynamicsatETHZurich,promisestoenhancethesearchandrescuetechniquescurrentlyinuse.Usingtoolsfromdynamicalsystemtheoryandoceandata,theteamhasdevelopedanalgorithm(算法)topredictwhereobjectsandpeoplefloatinginwaterwillgo.“Ourworkhasaclearpotentialtosavelives,”saysMattiaSerra,thefirstauthorofastudyrecentlypublishedinNatureCommunications.
Intoday’srescueoperationsatsea,complicatedmodelsofoceandynamicsandweatherforecastareusedtopredictthepathoffloatingobjects.Forfast-changingcoastalwaters,however,suchpredictionsareofteninaccurateduetouncertainboundariesandmissingdata.Asaresult,asearchmaybelaunchedinthewronglocation,causingthelossofprecioustime.
Haller’sresearchteamobtainedmathematicalresultspredictingthatobjectsfloatingontheocean’ssurfaceshouldgatheralongafewspecialcurves(曲线)whichtheycallTRansientAttractingProfiles(TRAPs).Thesecurvescan’tbeseenwithoureyesbutcanbetrackedfrominstantoceansurfacecurrentdatausingrecentmathematicalmethodsdevelopedbytheETHteam.Thisenablesquickandpreciseplanningofsearchpathsthatarelesssensitivetouncertaintiesinthetimeandplaceoftheaccident.
IncooperationwithateamfromMIT,theETHteamtestedtheirnew,TRAPs-basedsearchalgorithmintwoseparateoceanexperimentsnearMartha’sVineyard,whichisonthenortheasterncoastoftheUnitedStates.Workingfromthesamereal-timedataavailabletotheCoastGuard,theteamsuccessfullyidentifiedTRAPsintheregioninrealtime.Theyfoundthatbuoysandmanikins(浮标和人体模型)throwninthewaterindeedquicklygatheredalongtheseemergingcurves.“Ofseveralcompetingapproachestestedinthisproject,thiswastheonlyalgorithmthatresearchersconsistentlyfoundtherightlocationwith,”saysHaller.
“Ourresultsarerapidlyobtained,easytointerpretandcheaptoperform,”pointsoutSerra.Hallerstresses,“Ourhopeisthatthismethodwillbecomeastandardpartofthetoolkitofcoastguardseverywhere.”
8.Inasearchandrescueoperation,______.
A.thesurvivalratedropstoalmostzeroaftersixhours
B.theuseofdynamicsleadstothewronglocation
C.weatherconditionsareadeterminingfactor
D.changingcurrentspresentachallenge
9.Whatisthedistinctfeatureofthenewalgorithm?
A.Itreliesonoceandynamics.
B.Ittracksthepathofthecurves.
C.Itstopstheuncertaintiesoftheaccident.
D.Itfiguresouthowtideschangeovertime.
10.What’sparagraph5mainlyabout?
A.Thecollectionofdata.
B.Thetestingofthealgorithm.
C.TheidentificationoftheTRAPs.
D.Thecooperationoftworesearchteams.
11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.WhySuccessRatesofRescueOperationsHaveFallen
B.WhyAlgorithmsArePopularinRescueOperations
C.HowMathematicsCanSaveLivesatSea
D.HowCoastalWatersAffectSavingLives
D
Humanshavelittledifficultyrecognizingoneanother.Andweknowthatnotwofacesareexactlyalike.Evenidenticaltwinshaveslightlydifferentfaces.Eachhumanfaceistrulyunique,andnowwe’veinventedmachinesthatareabletorecognizefacesfornumerouspurposes.
Governments,employersandsecurityandpoliceservicesareincreasinglyusingfacialrecognitiontechnology.Thisallowsthemtoquicklyconfirmanindividual’sidentity.Systemsarebecomingsoadvancedthatawantedcriminalcaninstantlybepickedoutofacrowdofthousandsofpeople.Allthat’srequiredisanimageinadatabasetocomparewiththeimageofanynumberofpeopleinacrowd.Ordinarypeople,too,areusingfacialrecognitiontounlocktheirphones,theircomputersandotherdevices.
Personalfacialrecognitionprotectionhasseveralbenefits.Itisinstantaneous,anditrelievesusoftheneedtomemorizepasswords.However,adevicewillrequireapasswordintherareeventthatitdoesn’t,forwhateverreason,recognizetheuser’sface.
Therearenumerousconcernsabouttheuseoffacialrecognition.Primarily,theconcernisthatitthreatensprivacy.Theinstallationofmoreandmorecamerasinpublicandprivateplacesisnowpartofeverydaylife.Thismeanspeoplecanbeobservedandrecognizedwherevertheygo.Camerasmaymakepublicspacessafer,butkeepinglaw-abiding
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