被动语态专项练习附答案.docx
- 文档编号:26593644
- 上传时间:2023-06-20
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:29
- 大小:33.37KB
被动语态专项练习附答案.docx
《被动语态专项练习附答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《被动语态专项练习附答案.docx(29页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
被动语态专项练习附答案
初中英语被动语态专项讲解
一、语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。
英语有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。
)
各种时态的被动语态构成:
1.一般现在时:
am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
Eg:
I'maskedtotakecareofmyself.
Footballisplayedallovertheworld
2.一般过去时:
was/were+及物动词的过去分词
Eg:
Thishousewasbuiltin1958.
Hislegwasbrokeninanaccident.
3.一般将来时:
will/shallbe+及物动词的过去分词
Eg:
Morefactorieswillbebuiltinourcity.
Hewillbetakentohospitaltomorrow.
4.现在进行时:
am/is/arebeing+及物动词的过去分词.
Eg:
Aroadisbeingbuiltaroundthemountain.
Manynewhousesarebeingbuiltinthiscit
5.过去进行时:
was/werebeing+及物动词的过去分词
Eg:
ThemeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.
Wewerebeingtrainedthistimelastyear.
6.现在完成时:
have/hasbeen+及物动词的过去分词
Eg:
Hisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.
Thepricesofmanygoodshavebeencutagain.
7.过去完成时:
hadbeen+及物动词的过去分词
Eg:
Anewschoolhadbeensetupbytheendoflastyear.
8.含有情态动词的被动语态:
情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
Eg:
Therubbishcanbeputintothedustbinoverthere.
4.含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
Eg:
Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→
Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.
Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.
Therubbishcanbeputintothedustbinoverthere.
六.可与被动语态连用的介词
在被动语态的句子中,常用介词by引出动作的发出者,实际上同被动语态连用的介词除by以外还有很多。
1.表示谓语动词的动作是为谁或为何目的而发生的要用介词for。
(beusedforsth/doingsth被用于…被用于做…)
Eg:
1.Thisnewbikewasboughtforyou.
2.Stampsareusedforsendingletters.
2.表示动作发出者所使用的工具或强调状态时应用介词with
Eg:
1.Thetreeswerecutdownwithaknife.
2.Thebottleisfilledwithorange.
3.表示“被作为…(发生)”应用介词as(beusedas被作为…使用)
Eg:
EnglishisusedasafirstlanguageinCanada.
4.在bewell-known后应用介词to,表示“被…所熟知”
Eg:
TheGreatWalliswell-knowntoeveryoneintheworld.
5.在bemade后可用多个介词表示不同的意义
1).bemadein表示“在某地制造”
Eg:
ThisTvsetismadeinshanghai.
2).bemadeof和bemadefrom都可以表示“由…制成的”,但bemadeof强调从制成品上可以看出原材料,bemadefrom则表示从制成品上看不出原材料。
Eg:
1.Thistableismadeofwood.
2.Thiskindofpaperismadefromwood.
3).bemadeby由…(人)制造的
Eg:
Thecakeismadebymymother.
4).bemadeinto表示“被制成...”make…into把…制成…(主动形式)
Eg:
Glassisoftenmadeintoglasses.玻璃常被制成玻璃杯。
5).bemadeafter表示“仿照...制成”
Eg:
Thismachineismadeaftertheirs.这台机器是仿照他们的机器制成的。
6).bemadeupof表示“由...组成”
Eg:
Ourclassismadeupoffiftystudents.
七.不可用于被动语态的情况
1.当谓语动词是表示静态的及物动词(短语)时(eg:
have,cost,hold,know,fit,belongto…)不可用于被动语态。
Eg:
Howlongdidthemeetinglast?
2.当谓语动词是look,become,get,turn等连系动词,其后的成分多为形容词或名词词组作表语时。
Eg:
helooksfine.
在英语中,主动意义用主动语态表示,被动意义用被动语态表示。
但在以下几种情况下,被动意义却用主动语态来表示:
一.少数动词,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。
当它们作不及物动词且用来表示主语内在品质或性能时,可用一般时态的主动形式表示被动意义,其主语大多为事物。
常见的有:
sell(“销售好)”read(好读”),write(“好写”),wash(“耐洗”),wear(“耐穿),last,tear,lock,count,open,teach,drive,take等、
eg:
1).Theticketscosttoomuchandsoldbadly.这些票太贵了,销路不好。
2).CanyoulendHieyourpen?
Yourpenwritesbetter.你能把你的钢笔借给我吗?
你的钢笔更好写。
3).Thepenwriteswell. 这笔好写。
4).Thedoorwon’topen. 门开不下来。
5).Theclotheswasheasily. 这衣服很好洗。
6).Thedoorwon'topen.这门打不开。
注意:
这类动词的主动形式表示被动意义有三个明显特征
1).与not,hardly等否定意义的词连用.
2).常与副词well,easily,badly,poorly,nicely,fast,smoothly,等连用表示效果或程度。
3)句中的主语是谓语动词的承受者。
2.某些表示感觉,状态,特征的系动词eg:
feel,look,sound,smell,taste
等系动词,用主动形式表达被动意义,主语是物。
Eg:
1.Theclothfeelssoft.这布料摸起来很软。
2.Hiscaketastesgood.他的蛋糕味道很好。
3.Goodmedicinetastesbitter. 良药苦口
3.动词need,want,require等表示“需要”或“应该”的意义时,后用动词
ing的主动式或动词不定式被动形式表示变动意义.。
Eg:
1).Thefloorneedssweeping. 地板须拖一下。
2).Theoldbikeneedsrepairing(or:
toberepaired).那辆旧自行车需要修理。
3).Yourhairneedscutting.你的头发需要理了。
4).Thewallrequirespainting.这墙壁需要粉刷了。
4.“主语+beworthdoing”句式中ving形式表达被动含义
Eg:
1.Thisbookiswellworthreading.
2.Thefilmiswellworthseeing.
五.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:
happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等以主动形式表示被动意义。
Eg:
Howdothenewspaperscomeout?
这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?
六.非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
1.在need,want,require,bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
Eg:
Thehouseneedsrepairing(toberepaired).这房子需要修理。
2.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
Eg:
Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading.(=Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead.)
3.动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一
名词或代词构成主谓关系,不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
Eg:
Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon.(todo与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。
)
试比较:
I’llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobeposted?
(此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。
)
九.教材中与被动语态相关的一些词组:
getdressed(穿衣)gethurt(受伤)getlost(迷路)
getwashed(洗脸)getmarried(结婚)
becoveredwith(被…覆盖)bemadeof(由…制成)(看得出原材料)
bemadeby(由某人制造)bemadefrom(由…制成)(看不出原材料)
bemadein(由某地制造)beusedfor(被用于…)
beusedas(被当作…使用)beusedtodo(被用于做...)
itissaidthat…(据说…)itishopedthat…(希望…)
Itiswellknownthat...(总所周知...)
初中英语被动语态专项练习1
()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.
A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound
()2English____inCanada.
A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken
()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung
()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade
()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused
()6Ourroommust___clean.
A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep
()7-I'dliketobuythatcoat-I'msorry.___.
A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold
()8Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.
A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding
()9Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.
A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft
()10Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.
A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed
()11Hisnewbook___nextmonth.
A.willbepublishedB.ispublishing
C.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished
()12Japanese___ineverycountry.
A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking
()13Thesepapers___yet.
A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwritten
C.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten
()14Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.
A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't
()15—Myshoesarewornout—_______________
A.Can'ttheybemended?
B.Letmehavealookatit.
C.Howmuchdotheycost?
D.Can'ttheymended?
()16___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?
Ibadlyneedit.
A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are
()17___thesedesksbeneeded?
A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do
()18Why___totalkaboutityesterday?
A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheld
C.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld
()19Whowasthebook___?
A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby
()20Where___theseboxesmade?
A.wasB.wereC.isD.am
()21Theflowers___often.
A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater
()22Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.
A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow
()23Theteachermadehim___hishomework.
A.todoB.doC.didD.done
()24Theboy___streetswithoutpayintheolddays.
A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean
()25Thesechildren____dance.
A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto
()26Thesestones___well.
A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfitted
()27Thebike___500yuan.
A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted
()28Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.
A.washadB.washeldC.heldD.had
()29Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.
A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace
()30Youcan'tusethecomputer,it____.
A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown
()31Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.
A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened
()32Thewatchhasoften___down.
A.satB.lainC.brokenD.fell
()33Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.
A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.broken
()34Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s.
A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting
()35Whattime___thedoor___everyday?
A.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close
()36Canhe___himself?
A.getdressB.getdressedC.getsdressedD.insteadof
()37Hefellfromhisbikeand___.
A.ishurtB.getshurtC.gothurtD.hurt
()38Lookout,pleasekeepawayfromthefire,oryourtrouserswill__
A.burntB.burnC.burningD.getburn
()39Theapple___verysweet.
A.istastedB.tasteC.tastesD.aretasting
()40You___morebeautifulinthelightblueshirt.
A.seeB.watchC.lookD.lookat
()41Whatyousaid___.likeagoodidea.
A.heardB.listenedC.soundD.sounded
()42-WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplay?
-Wonderful.Itisworth___asecondtime.
A.watchingB.watchedC.seenD.seeing
()43.Howdirtythetablesare!
Theyneed___.
A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleaned
()44.Thebookisworth___.
A.seeingB.readingC.seenD.read
()45Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.
A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended
()46Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuilt‘C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt
()47Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.
A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown
()48Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.
A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild
()49Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtim
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 被动 语态 专项 练习 答案
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)