在下列情形下用现在完成时.docx

在下列情形下用现在完成时.docx

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在下列情形下用现在完成时

在下列情形下用现在完成时

1、九词语

①already已经肯定句中或句尾例:

Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.=Ihavefoundmypenalready.

②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾例：

Ihavenotfinishedtheworkyet.

Haveyouboughtacomputeryet?

③ever曾经句中例：

Haveyoueverseenpandas?

④never从不句中例：

IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.

⑤just刚刚句中例：

Ihavejustdonemywork.

⑥before以前句尾例：

Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.

⑦sofar到目前为止例：

Sofarhehaslearnt200words.

⑧howlong多久例：

Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?

⑨howmanytimes多少次例：

HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing?

2、两词组

havegoneto去了某地例：

HehasgonetoBeijing（去了北京）

havebeento去过某地例：

HehasbeentoBeijing.（去过北京）

3、两结构

fortwomonths

for+一段时间

Jimhaslivedherefor2months.

sincelastyear

since+过去点时间

LucyhasbeeninBeijingsince3yearsago.

since3yearsago

since1990

sincehecamehere

since+过去时态句子

HehasbeeninChinasincehecamehere.

4、如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加"已经"，往往用现在完成时态。

例：

Haveyoulostyourlibrarybook?

你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？

5、现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型

Theyhaveplantedmanytreesinthelastfewyears.在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。

ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。

ItisthefirsttimeIhaveplayedthecomputergames.这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。

6、在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用

例：

Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.（错）

因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for3years连用,改正的办法有五种：

①Hehasboughtthebook..（去掉一段时间for3years）

②Heboughtthebook3yearsago（改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变）③It's3yearssinceheboughtthebook.=3yearshaspassedsinceheboughtthebook.

（改为固定句型Itis---since---）

④Hehasnotboughtthebookfor3years.（改为否定句）

⑤Hehashadthebookfor3years.（用延续性动词have代替buy）7、延续性动词和终止性动词

①延续性动词：

表示的动作是能延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。

如：

learn\work\stand\lie\know\walk\keep\have\wait\watch\sing\read\sleep\live②终止性动词：

也叫非延续性动词，瞬间动词，一次性动词。

表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果。

在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再继续下去。

如：

leave\start\setout\arrive\reach\getto\begin\stop\shut\turnoff\marry\put\puton\getup\wake\fall\join\meet\receive\finish\end\complete\become\come\go\die\open\close\break\give\jump\buy\borrow

8、终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用。

Hehasdiedforthreedays.（错，终止性动词die不能和一段时间forthreedays连用）常见的相互转换形式如下

Borrow/lend---keep,buy----have,arrive/come/go/move/reach/getto---bein/at/behere/there

Begin/start---beonopen---beopen,finish/end---beover,close---beclosed,die---bedeadLeave---beaway,goout---beout,gotoschool---beinschool/beastudent,,getup,---beupFallasleep---beasleep,lose---belost,become---be,return/comeback/getback---bebackJoin---bein/beamember,jointhearmy---beinthearmy/beasolider,receive/get/aletter---Havealetter,catch/getacold---haveacold

例1：

Ihavecomeherefor3years.（错）改为：

Ihavebeenherefor3years.②leave/go→beaway

例：

Hehasleftfor3hours.（错）改为：

Hehasbeenawayfor3hours.③begin/start→beon

例：

Thefilmhasbegunfor3minutes.（错）改为：

Thefilmhasbeenonfor3minutes.

用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Thanksalot.It'ssunnyagain.It_______________（rain）foralongtime.

2._____________Mr.Li_______________（live）heresince8yearsold?

3.SinceMr.Licamehere,he_______________（teach）inthisschool.

4.It'sthethirdtimethatI_______________（see）himthismonth./

5.Isyourmotherathome?

------No,she_______________（go）towork.

6.Hermother_______________（become）adoctorin1970.She_______________（work）inthehospitalsince26yearsold.

7.He_______________（teach）Englishheresincewe_______________（see）him5yearsago.

8.Howmanytimes_______________you_______________（be）toBeijing?

------Onlyonce.I_______________（go）theretwoyearsago.

9.I'velostmycat._______________youever_______________（see）itanywhere?

10.Myparentsarenotathome.They_______________（leave）forShanghai.

11.Waithere,please.Thetrain_______________（notarrive）yet.

12.Whereismydictionary?

------LiPing_______________（take）itaway.

13.I_______________（lose）mypen,andI_______________（look）foritnow.

14.I_______________（notsee）suchastrangethingbefore.

15.HejoinedthePartyin1990.He_______________（be）apartymemberfor10years.

16.Howlong______________UncleWang______________（work）inthisfactory?

------Since

1995.

17.Sofarthechildren_______________（learn）1,000Englishwords.

18._______________you_______________（mend）yourbike?

------Yes.Imendeditamomentago.

19.I'lltellhimthenewsthatourclass_______________（win）already.

20.She_______________（stay）hereforover5years.

21.Theboxisempty.Who_______________（eat）allthecakes?

22.Hehasfoundhisbike.When_______________he_______________（find）it?

23.Hersister_______________（go）toShanghai.She_______________（leave）thismorning.

24.MyfriendWangHaioften_______________（swim）intheriver.

25.Theteacher_______________（reach）Beijingtwodaysago.

每处划线中有错误，在题后改正

1.Jimhasboughtthebookforjust3days.

2.UncleWanghasdiedfor3years.

3.IhavegonetoBeijingthreetimes.

4.Jimisn'there.HehasbeentoBeijing.Hewenttherethismorning.

5.Shehaslivedtheresince8years.

6.Hashebeenateacherfor1990?

7.Ilivedheresince3monthsago.

8.Haveyoufinishedtheworkyet?

------Yes,Idid.

9.Jim'sbrothershasmademanykindsofkites.

10.Hehastakedthebooksaway.

二、用过去时或现在完成时填空：

1."_________you__________（have）lunch?

""Yes."

"When________you__________（have）it?

""I____________（have）itat12:

00."

2."_________you__________（write）alettertoyourauntyet?

"

"Yes,I___________.I________________（write）onelastweek."

3."_________he___________（finish）hishomework?

""Notyet."

4."_________theyever__________（be）abroad?

""Yes,justonce."

5.Yourfather_________just___________（finish）hiswork.

6.Yourfather_________（finish）hisworkjustnow.

7.LasttermI__________（learn）manyEnglishwords.

8.They____________（notread）theinterestingbooksyet.

9.He_____________never____________（go）tothesciencemuseum.

10.____________youever____________（drink）coke?

11."____________you_____________（buy）adictionary?

""Yes,I__________."

"Where__________you_____________（buy）it?

""I___________（buy）itinabookstore.""When___________you_____________（buy）it?

""Yesterday."

三、用since和for填空

1.______twoyears2._______twoyearsago3._______lastmonth4.______1999

5._______yesterday6._______4o'clock7.______4hours8._______anhourago

9._______wewerechildren10._____lunchtime11.______shelefthere

12.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.

13.I'veknownhim__________wewerechildren.

14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.

15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.

16.It'sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.

四、短暂性动词转换为延续性动词

1）HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.

He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.

2）ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.

I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.

3）Iwenthomeyesterday.

I________________________homefor___________________.

4）Theycameherelastweek.

They__________________heresince___________________.

1）Hecameouttwoyearsago.

He____________________________for____________________.

2）WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.

We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.

1）Ibecameateacherin2000.

I__________________ateacherfor__________________.

2）Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.

Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.

1）Theshopclosedtwohoursago.

Theshop__________________________for__________________.

2）Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.

Thedoor________________________forsixhours.

1）Igotuptwohoursago.

I________________________since________________.

2）HeleftFuzhoujustnow.

He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.

3）Mygrandpadiedin2002.

Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.

4）Themeetingfinishedatsix.

Themeeting____________________forsixhours.

5）Igottosleeptwohoursago.

I__________________________since__________________.

6）Theymarriedin1990.

They___________________________since_________.

1）Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.

I________atthisschoolsince____.

2）Thefilmbegantwominutesago.

Thefilm____________for________.

They__________________itsince____________________.

2）Iboughtapentwohoursago.

I__________________apenfor__________________.

3）Igottoknowhimlastyear.I______________himsince____________________.

4）Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.

I____________________myglassesfor__________________.

HehasgonetoBeijing.

He_____________Beijingfortwodays.

1）Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.

He_________________a__________________fortwoyears.

He________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.

He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.

2）Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.

Mybrother__________________a___________for______________________.

Mybrother_____________________in_______________________fortwoyears.

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