关于描写洛阳英语导游词.docx
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关于描写洛阳英语导游词.docx
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关于描写洛阳英语导游词
关于描写洛阳英语导游词
LocatedinthewestofHenanProvinceincentralChina,Luoyangoccupiesquiteanimportantgeographiclocation.ItisinthemiddlereachesoftheYellowRiverandisencircledbymountainsandplains.ToitseastandwestaretheHuLaoPassandHanGuPasswhichwereessentialdomestictransportationjunctionsinancienttimes.Toitsnorth,MengjinCountywasanimportantferrycrossingoftheYellowRiver.Thus,Luoyangwasselectedasthecapitalcityby13dynastiesstartingfromtheXiaDynasty(21st-16thcenturyBC)inthe21stcenturyBC.IntheperiodfollowingtheHanDynasty(206BC-220),andparticularlyduringtheSui(581-618)andTand(618-907)dynasties,thecityexperiencedaperiodofgrowthandprosperityandrankedasoneoftheinternationalmetropolitansofthetime.
ItslonghistoryendowsLuoyangwithaprofoundsenseofculture.ThecityisthecradleofChinesecivilizationwheremanyChineselegendshappened,suchasNvwaPatchingtheSky,DayuControllingFloodandtheChineseancestorHuangdiEstablishingtheNation.Thecityisalsofamedasthe‘PoetsCapital’aspoetsandliteratesofancientChinaoftengatheredthereandleftgrandworks,including‘BookofWisdom’(‘DaodeJing’),‘HanHistory’(‘HanShu’)and‘AdministrativeTheoryofAdmonishingOfficial’(‘ZiZhiTongJian’).Religiouscultureoncethrivedhere.TaoismoriginatedthereandthefirstBuddhisttemplesetupbythegovernmentwaslocatedthere.LuoyangisalsothehometownofmanyofthescientificinventionsofancientChina,suchastheseismograph,armillarysphere,papermaking,printingandthecompass.
Luoyanghasrichhistoricalandculturalsites.TheLongmenGrottoesareoneofChina’sthreemostprecioustreasurehousesofstonesculpturesandinscriptions.TheWhiteHorseTempleisthefirstBuddhisttempleandishonoredasthe‘CradleofBuddhisminChina’.Mt.Mangshaniswhereancienttombsofemperors,noblesandliteratesinthepastdynastiescollected.TheLuoyangAncientTombsMuseumistheworld’sfirstexampleofthekindandpresentsthousandsoftreasuresdiscoveredinthetombs.ShaolinTempleistheplaceoforiginforChineseZenBuddhismandthecradleofChineseMartialArt.LandscapesinLuoyangholdthesameattractionastheculturalsites.WhiteCloudMountain,FuniuMountain,LongYuWanNationalForestPark,JiGuanLimestoneCaveandtheYellowRiverXiaolangdiScenicAreaareallworthavisit.Additionally,Luoyangisparticularlywellknownforitspeonies.EveryyearinApril,theflowersblossomandattracttouristsfromallovertheworld.DininginLuoyangisquiteanenjoyableexperience.Variouskindsoflocaldishes,includingWaterFeast,YanCaiandotherswhichusethefamousYellowRivercarpsasaningredient,togetherwiththeuniquelyflavoredsoups,willgreatlysatisfyyourtastebuds.Luoyang’slocalspecialtiessuchasPalaceLanterns,bronzevesselsandTri-coloredglazedpotterieswillnodoubtdelightyoureyesandofferyouidealsouvenirs.Beingamoderncityaswell,Luoyanghashotelsofallstandardswhichprovideyouquiteabroadchoiceforyourstay.Mostofthehotelshavereasonableroompricesandperfectservices.
TransportationiswelldevelopedinLuoyang.BeijiaoAirporthasmanydomesticflightsextendingtomanylargecitiesinotherprovinces.It’salsoveryeasytogettoLuoyangbytrainbecauseoneofChina’smostimportantrailwaylinesLongHaiRailwaytraversesthecityandconnectsmostcitiesineast,westandcentralChina.Theconvenientcitybusesandtaxiescancarryyouaroundthecity.Neartherailwaystation,specialtouristbusescantakeyoutothetouristspotsinthesuburbanareasofthecity.
Luoyang,acharmingcityfilledwiththefragranceofpeoniesandtheprimitiveatmosphereofancientcivilization,iswaitingandwelcomingguestsfromallovertheworld.PuttingthecityintothelistofyourexplorationinChina,youwillgetfarmorethanwhatyouexpect.
TheLongmenGrottos
TheLongmenGrottosareontheYiheRiverbank,some12kilometersfromancientLuoyangcity,about30minutes’drive.ItisoneofthethreemostimportantBuddhistsculpturesandcarvingsinChina.TheLongmenGrottosenjoyagoodlocationwheretwomountainsconfronteachotherbetweenwhichflowstheYiheRiver.
ThegrottowasfirstcarvedinNorthWeiDynasty,over1500yearsagoandexpandedthroughthesucceedingEastandWestWeiDynasties,NorthQiDynasty,NorthZhouDynasty,SuiandTangDynastiesandwasfinallycompletedinNorthSongDynasty.Over500years’renovationandexpansionhavecreatedtheprestigiousworldculturalsite.ThemostsignificantchiselingactivitieshappenedintheTangandNorthWeiDynasties,whichlastedover150years.
Spanningalengthofaround1kilometeronthehillsidealongtheYiheRiver,thenichesresembledozensofhoneycombsdottingthearea.Thereareabout2.100grottoesandniches,over40crematoryurns,3,600inscribedstonetabletsandover100,000Buddhistimagesandstatues.Thelargestoneis17metershighwhilethesmallestisatinyas2cm.OnethirdofthecomplexareworksoftheNorthWeiDynasty.ThesemasterpiecesaretheBinyangCave,andLianhua(LotusCave).TheimpressiveQianxiTemple,FengxianTemple,WanfoCave(TenThousandBuddhistCave)arethehighlightsoftheTangDynast’scarvings.TheLongmenGrottosareofgreatvalueinworldsculpturehistoryandithasbeenlistedintheWorldCulturalHeritageSitebytheUNESCO.Toprotectsuchavaluableheritagesite,theChinesegovernmentaswellassomeinfluentialworldculturalorganizationsaretryinghardtosharethissitewiththewholeword.Alarge-scaledrenovationwasundertakenin2003tokeepthegrottosingoodcondition.
WhiteHorseTemple
Locatedatthe12kilometerseastofLuoyangcity,theWhiteHorseTempleisoneoftheoldestBuddhisttemplesinChinaandisrenownedasthecradleofChineseBuddhism.AlthoughitisnotthelargestnorthemostbeautifulBuddhismmonumentinChina,thistemplewithitslargenumberofBuddhismitemshousedthere,iswellworthatrip.
AninterestinglegendrelatedtothetemplegoesthatawhitehorsecarriedthefirstBuddhistscriptfromIndiahereinancienttimehencethenameWhiteHorseTemple.HistoryrecordsthatthesitewasoriginaltheplaceusedbythesecondHanEmperor-LiuZhuangasasummerresortandforstudy.In68AD,whenBuddhismreacheditsheydayinIndia,twoIndianmonksbroughtBuddhistscripturestoLuoyangonthebackofawhitehorse.Theemperor,whowasadevoutBuddhismbeliever,builtthetempletohousethescripturesandnameditWhiteHorseTemple.Itwassaidthattherewereoncethousandsofmonkslivinginthetemple.ItwasevenusedasarefugeesanctuaryduringthesocialturmoilofWangMangintheEasternHanDynasty.
ThetwomonkswhobroughtscripturesfromIndiawereburiedhere.ManymonksfromoutsideChinahavevisitedthemonkandmanyofthemhavespenttherestoftheirtimeinthattemple.ThefamousTangDynastymonk-Xuanzangstartedhis17yearslongpilgrimagetriptoIndianfromthetemple.Afterreturning,XuanzhangbecametheabbotoftheWhiteHorseTemple,wherehedisseminatedthescripturesofBuddhismfortherestofhislife.
GuanlinTemple
AttheendofGuanlinNanLu,GuanlinTemplewasbuilttocommemoratethegreatgeneralGuanyuoftheStateofShuduringtheThreeKingdomsPeriod.IntheRomanceofThreeKingdoms,theShugeneralGuanyuwasdefeated,capturedandexecutedbySunquan,theruleroftheStateofWu.FearingrevengefromGuanyu’sbloodbrotherLiubeiwhowastheruleroftheStateofShu,SunquanorderedtosendGuanyu’sheadtoCaocao-rulerofWeiinanattempttodeflecttheresponsibilityforthedeath.Caocao,however,wasanadmirerofGuan’sloyaltyandbravery.HeorderedawoodenbodybecarvedtoaccompanytheheadbeforeGuanyuwasburied.
Verylittleisknownaboutwhenthetemplewasfirstbuilt.ThecomplexwasdevelopedduringtheMingDynastyandwasunderwentseveralrenovationandexpansionduringthesucceedingQingDynasty.It’snowcomprisedofhalls,temples,pavilionsandGuan’sTomb.Somevaluablestonetabletswithelegantcalligraphiesarealsofoundhere.Theplaceisverypopularamongthelocalswhoworshipthevalorousgeneralbyburningsticksofincense.
MuseumofAncientTombs
AninterestingoldsayinggoesthatSuzhouandHangzhouaregoodplacestolive,whileLuoyangisagoodplacetodie.Manyoftheancientemperors,princes,generalsandotherpubliccelebritiestookthisadviceandleftordersthattheyweretobeburiedinLuoyangaftertheirdeath.Thereareover20ancienttombsdatingfromtheHanDynastytotheNorthSongDynasty.Amuseumwasbuiltatthesitewheremanyancienttombswereexcavated.
ThemuseumisattheMangHillinthenorthsuburbofthecity,about8kilometersfromthecitycenter.Coveringanareaofaround3hectare,ithastwoparts:
theundergroundandabovegroundparts.TheabovegroundpartcontainsaHan-stylegate,somehalls.TombmodelsfromtheStoneAgetotheHanDynasty,restoredfuneraryobjectsandfuneralritualsaredisplayedintheeasternhall.
Theundergroundsectionisatombgroupssitewhichisabout7metersunderground.ThereareNorthandSouthSongDynastiesHall,WeiandJinDynastiesHall,TangandSongDynastiesHallandahallforrefineditemsexcavatedfromthetombs.Manyofthevividlypaintedmurals,valuablerelicsandanumberofpotteryfiguresareondisplayhere.Visitorscanalsofindthemodelsofancienttombs.22ancienttombsrestoredtotheiroriginalstylesaredisplayedhere.
LuoyangMuseum
Luoyangservedasthecapitalsforalongperiodoftime.Historyhaslefttheplaceala
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