brief introduction to Hubei.docx
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brief introduction to Hubei.docx
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briefintroductiontoHubei
Survey
HubeiProvinceincentralChinawassonamedbecausethelandislocatedtothenorthofDongtingLakeinthemiddlereachoftheYangtzeRiver.Hubeiisalsoknownsimplyas"E"(鄂),HubeiwastheterritoryofChuKingdomduringtheWarringStatesandpeoplealsocallHubeiChu.
Hubei,withitslonghistoryandsplendidculture,isoneoftheoriginatingplacesoftheChinesepeople.Theprovincehasanareaof185,900squarekilometersandapopulationof5,938,000.Itscapital,Wuhan,whichhaslongbeenknownas"thecenterofwaterways",isoneofthemetropolitancityinthecountry.
Hubeiprovinceisembracedbymountainsfromtheeast,westandnorth,anditisendowedwithflatlowlandsinthecenter,mountainousareaaccountsfor56%,hillyarea24%andplainsandlakearea20%ofthetotalarea.Lakeareatakesupalmost10%ofthetotal,givingtheprovincethename"ProvinceofathousandLakes".Generallyspeaking,HubeiProvinceisundertheinfluenceofthesubtropicalmonsoonclimate.Itiscoldinwinterandhotinsummerwithanaverageannualtemperaturebetween15and17degreesCelsiusandanannualwaterfallbetween800mmand1,600mm.Theclimateisfitforagriculture,forestry,husbandryandfishery.Hubeiisrichinmineralresources.111mineralshavebeenfoundintheprovince,accountingfor74%ofallthe150mineralsalreadyfoundinthecountry.66mineralreserveshavebeenprospected,accountingfor48%ofallthe137prospectedmineralreserves.Theprovinceleadsthecountryinphosphorus,silt,iron,coppergypsumandcarbonreserves.Theprovinceboastsofabundanthydraulicresourcewithapotentialpowercapacityof3,310kilowatts,forwhichtheprovinceisseatedatNo.4inthecountry.
HubeiisalsothecradleoftheChuculture.Initslandnumerousscenesofhumanitiesinterestandalargelegacycanstillbefoundintheprovincealongwithitsbeautifulscenery,Hubeihaslongbeenawell-knowntouristresort.
Hubeiissituatedinasingularlyfavorableeconomicposition.Itswellsituatedgeographicpositionandconvenienttraffic,transportationandcommunicationsenableHubeitoplaytheconnectionspartinthecountry'soveralleconomiclayout,Hubeiconnectsthenorthandsouthandjoinstheeasttothewest.TheprovincehasalwaysbeenoneofthemosteconomicallyadvancedareasinChina.Thankstothe40-oddyearsofconstructionsincethefoundingoftheRepublic,especiallythedevelopmentaftertheOpening-up,Hubei'scomprehensiveeconomicstrengthhasbeengreatlyimprovedandhasalreadyemergedasanimportantindustrial,agricultural,scientificandeducationalbaseofthecountry.
SinceComradeDengXiaopingmadehisimportantspeechduringhisSouth-Chinainspectiontour,HubeihasseizedtheopportunityofOpening-upoftheYangtzeEconomicBelt,thedevelopmentofPudongandtheThreeGorgesProjecttoimplementitsacceleratingdevelopmentstratagem.TheStratagemplacesemphasisontheYangtzeEconomicBelt,takesadvantageoftheThreeGorgesProjectandaimsatspeedinguptheprovince'sdevelopment.ThetideofOpening-upanddevelopmentisnowrollingontheoldandnewlandofvitality.
Theprovince'seconomyisnowonthefasttrack.ThegrowthofGDPoftheprovincehasbeenabovethenationalaverageconsecutivelysince1994.TodayHubeiistheforefrontofReformandOpening-upofChina'sMiddleWesternregionsandalsothehotpointofinvestmentdrawingbothdomesticandinternationalattention.
Industry
Aftermorethanfiftyyear'sconstructionanddevelopment,Hubeihassetupsomepillarindustriessuchasmetallurgical,engineering,textile,andenergyindustries.Itsindustrialarrangementisproper.Theabilityofcomprehensivecompletionisstrong.HubeihasbecomeanimportantindustrialbaseofChina.AlongtheYangtzeRivertheeasternindustrialbaseofHubeihasbeensetupwithWuhan,Huangshi,Erzhouasthekeycitiesincludingmetallurgical,engineering,textile,chemical,buildingmatrialindustries,thewesternindustrialbaseofHubeihasbeensetupwithYichang,Jingzhou,Jingmenasthekeycitiesincludingelectric,oil,chemical,lightandtextileindustries,thenorthernindustrialbaseofHubeihasbeensetupwithXiangfan,Shiyanasthekeycitiesincludingautomobile,electronic,lightandtextileindustries.
Nowthewholeprovincehasabout7,000industrialenterprises,includingmanyfamousenterprisesoftheworldsuchasWuhanIronandSteelCorporation,DongFengMotor,DayeMetallurgicalIndustryCompany,theFirstMetallurgicalConstructionCorporation,HuaxinCementPlant,WuhanHeavy-DutyMachineToolPlant,WuchangVesselFactory,GedianChemicalFactory,WuhanBoilerFactory,JingmenPetrochemicalComplex,WuhanPetrochemicalComplex,WuhanWoolTextileFactory,GezhoubaHydroelectricStation.In2000,theaddedvalueforthelightindustryandheavyindustrystoodat40.29billionyuanand63.533billionyuanrespectively.Thestate-ownedconstructionenterprisesachieved8.28billionyuanofaddedvalue,completingconstructionof12.96millionmetersoffloorspace.
HubeiisanimportantironandsteelindustrybaseofChina.Ithasformedarelativelycompleteironandsteelindustrialsystemwhichincludegeologicalprospecting,designing,construction,mining,separation,smelting,rolling.Hubei'sironandsteelindustrycanproducemorethan100kindsofproducts,morethan1,000specificationsofproducts.
ThefoundationofengineeringindustryisstronginHubei.Therearemorethan4,800engineeringindustrialenterprises.Theproductioncapacitycovers18types,700kindsofmachineryproduct.ItsvesselindustryisimportantinChina.Automobileindustrydevelopedrapidlyfromtheendof1960s.Ithasmanyobviousfeaturessuchasthehighequipment,thevariousproducts,thegoodquality,thestrongtechnologyandresearchetc.AndautoindustryhasbecomeapillarindustryinHubei'seconomy.
Textileindustryhasdevelopedintoacompletepillarindustrywhichincludescottontextile,wooltextile,linentextile,knitting,silktextile,printinganddyeing,chemicalfiber,fabricmaterialprocessingetc.Otherindustries,suchascoal,oil,chemistry,buildingmaterial,electronic,food,garment,leather,paper-makingindustriesaredevelopingwell.
Agriculture
Withtheprogressiveestablishmentofsocialistmarketeconomicsystem,accordingtothechangeandneedofmarket,Hubeiprovincecontinuouslyadjuststheplantingstructureandvarietystructureinfarmproduce,emphasizesthequality--improvingofagricultureproducts,andtriestodevelopthefarmproductsprocessing.Itkeepstraditionalspecialtyoffamousbrand,atthesametimeitdevotesmajoreffortstodevelopingnewhigh--qualityproducts.Now,theoutputofhighqualityriceofwholeprovinceconstitutes39percentoftotaloutput,varietyrapesoccupy58percentofthewholerapesplantingarea.ThecottonproducingofHubeiprovinceplaysanimportantroleinthatofthewholecountryforhighyieldandhighquality;theramieoutputofHubeiprovincealwaysstandintheforefrontandtheramieisanimportantexportcommodity;therearealsomanyhighqualityproductswhicharefamousbothinChinaandabroad,suchasfruit,mushroom,traditionChinesemedicineandtheproductsofanimalhusbandry.
In2000,grainproductionwasbasicallystable.Steadyprogresswasmadeinanimalhusbandryandfisheryindustry.Forestryproductionkeptitsmomentumindevelopment.Thetotalafforestedareain2000was196,930hectares.Farmlandirrigationandwaterconservancyfacilitieswerereinforced,comprehensivelandrecoveryprogramwereappliedto1950squarekilometersofland,334,670hectaresoflandwereconvertedintofarmlandwitheffectiveirrigationsystems,another48,430hectaresoflandwereequippedwithwater-savingsystems.
FamousEnterprises
∙GezhoubaHydraulic&IrrigativeEngineeringGroupCompany,China
∙QingjiangHydraulicPowerDevelopmentCompany
∙HubeiDongguangGroupCompany,Ltd.
∙HuangshiDongbeiCompanyofRefrigeratorCompressionEngine
∙HubeiMeieryaGroupCompany
∙HubeiJintianIndustrial,Agricultural&TradeCompany
∙HubeiChemicalFiberCompany,Ltd.
∙HubeiDuojiaStockGroupCompanyLtd.
∙HubeiXiantaoStockGroupCompany,Ltd.
∙WuhanPetroleumChemicalEngineeringFactory
∙JinmenGeneralPetroleumChemicalEngineeringFactoryofChinaPetroleumCompany
∙ShalongdaGroupCompany
∙DongfengTireGroupCompany
∙JianghanBureauofPetroleumManagement
∙HubeiShuanghanGroupCompany
∙HubeiZhongtianGroup
∙HubeiAutomobileGroupCompany
∙HubeiSanhuanGroupCompany
∙ChangjiangDynamicPowerGroupCompany,China
∙HuaxinCementCompany,Ltd.
∙SanjianAviationIndustryGroupCompany
∙HubeiHuangshiAluminum-coatedSheetCompany
∙DongfengAutomobileGroupCompany
∙WuhanShenglongAutomobilePartsCompany
∙WuhanSteel&IronCompany
∙DayeNon-ferrousMetalCompany
∙EchengSteelGroupCompany
∙DayeSteelGroupCompany
∙HeartKnightGroupCompany
∙WuhanContinentalTelecommunicationPowerSupplyCompany
EconomicCooperationwiththeOutsideWorld
TheimplementationofthereformandopeningpoliciesofChinesegovernmentmakestheforeigneconomyandtradeofHubeigainarapidandvigorousdevelopment.Totalvolumeofexportandimportin2000reachedUS$3.21billion,increasedby19.7%overthepreviousyear,ofwhichexportaccountedforUS$1.93billionincreasedby27.6%;andimportaccountedforUS$1.28billion.Foreigndirectinvestmentwitnessedsteadygrowth.Theactuallyutilizedforeigninvestmentin2000wasUS$1.058billion,ofwhich,directinvestmentaccountedforUS$944million,increasedby3.2%.Thecompositionofforeigninvestmentfurth
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