人力资源管理HRM4.ppt

人力资源管理HRM4.ppt

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1ChapterFour2ChapterVocabularywJob工作（工作（作业，作业，作为一个工作单元的一批任务）作为一个工作单元的一批任务）wPosition职位职位（组织分配给每个职工的职务与责任）（组织分配给每个职工的职务与责任）wWorkFlowDesign工作流程设计工作流程设计wJobAnalysis工作分析工作分析wJobDescription工作描述工作描述wJobSpecification工作规范工作规范wPositionAnalysisQuestionnaire（PAQ）职位分析问职位分析问卷卷wTaskAnalysisInventory任务分析清单任务分析清单wFleishmanJobAnalysisSystem佛莱门工作分析系统佛莱门工作分析系统3ChapterVocabularywJobDesign工作设计工作设计wIndustrialEngineering工业工程工业工程wJobEnlargement工作扩大化工作扩大化wJobExtension工作扩展工作扩展wJobRotation工作轮换工作轮换wJobEnrichment工作丰富化工作丰富化wFlextime弹性工作时间弹性工作时间wJobSharing工作分享制工作分享制wErgonomics人机工程学人机工程学4WhatdoINeedtoKnow?

1.Summarizetheelementsofworkflowanalysis.2.Describehowworkflowisrelatedtoanorganizationsstructure.3.Definetheelementsofajobanalysisanddiscusstheirsignificanceforhumanresourcemanagement.4.Tellhowtoobtaininformationforajobanalysis.5.Summarizerecenttrendsinjobanalysis.5WhatdoINeedtoKnow?

6.Describemethodsfordesigningajobsothatitcanbedoneefficiently.7.DescribetheJobCharacteristicModeldevelopedbyRichardHackmanandGregOldham.8.Identifyapproachestodesigningajobtomakeitmotivating.9.Explainhoworganizationsapplyergonomicstodesignsafejobs.6WORKFLOWINORGANIAZATIONSl1.workflowanalysis工作流程分析工作流程分析l2.wokflowandorganizationsstructure工作流程与组织结构工作流程与组织结构78WorkFlowAnalysiswWorkflowdesignistheprocessofanalyzingthetasksnecessaryfortheproductionofaproductoraservice.wThroughtheprocessofworkflowdesign,managersanalyzethetasksneededtoproduceaproductorservice.wAjob（作业作业）isasetofrelatedduties.wAposition（职位职位）isthesetofdutiesperformedbyoneperson.9WorkFlowAnalysiswWorkflowanalysisidentifies:

nTheoutputsoftheprocessnTheactivitiesinvolvednThreecategoriesofinputs:

lRawinputs（materialsandinformation）lEquipmentlHumanresources10DevelopingaWork-UnitActivityAnalysis11WorkFlowdesignandOrganizationsstructurewIdeally,theorganizationsstructurebringstogetherpeoplewhomustcollaborateinordertoefficientlyproducethedesiredoutputs.Thestructuremaydothisintwoways:

nCentralized（集权集权）authorityisconcentratedinafewpeopleatthetopoftheorganizationnDecentralized（分权分权）authorityisspreadamongmanypeople12WorkFlowinOrganizationswTheorganizationmaygroupjobsaccordingtofunctions（职能部门职能部门）oritmaysetupdivisionstofocusonproductsorcustomergroups.wSomegeneralobservationsaboutstructureandworkdesigninclude:

1.Ifthestructureisstronglybasedonfunction,workerstendtohavelowauthorityandtoworkaloneathighlyspecializedjobs.13WorkFlowinOrganizations2.Jobsthatinvolveteamworkorbroadresponsibilitytendtorequireastructurebasedondivisionsotherthanfunctions.3.Whenthegoalistoempoweremployees,companiesneedtosetupstructuresandjobsthatenablebroadresponsibility.wWorkdesignoftenemphasizestheanalysisanddesignofjobs.1415JOBANALYSIS1JobDescription2JobSpecifications3SourcesofJobInformation4PositionAnalysisQuestionnaire职位分析问职位分析问卷卷5TaskAnalysisInventory任务分析清单任务分析清单6FleishmanJobAnalysisSystem佛莱门工作佛莱门工作分析系统分析系统7ImportanceofJobAnalysis8TrendsinJobAnalysis16JobAnalysiswOrganizationsmustunderstandandmatchjobrequirementsandpeople.wJobanalysisistheprocessofgettingdetailedinformationaboutjobs.工作分析是获取与工作相关的信息的过工作分析是获取与工作相关的信息的过程。

程。

17JobAnalysiswAnalyzingjobsandunderstandingwhatisrequiredtoperformajobprovidesessentialknowledgefor:

nStaffingnTrainingnPerformanceappraisalnManyotherHRfunctions181.JobDescriptionwAjobdescriptionisalistoftasks,duties,andresponsibilities（TDRs）thatajobentails.工作描述是对工作所承担的一系列任务，职工作描述是对工作所承担的一系列任务，职责和责任的描述责和责任的描述。

Itusuallycontainsajobsummary,thejobdutiesandtheresponsibilities,andsomeindicationoftheworkingconditions.191.JobDescriptionwWheneveranorganizationcreatesanewjob,itneedstoprepareajobdescription.Jobdescriptionsshouldthenbereviewedperiodicallyandupdatedifnecessary.Performanceappraisalscanprovideagoodopportunityforupdatingjobdescriptions.201.JobDescriptionwTheprocessofjobdescriptionpreparationcanberepetitiveandtimeconsuming.wNewemployeesshouldbegivenacopyofhisorherjobdescription.Ideally,employeeswillwanttogoaboveandbeyondthelisteddutieswhenthesituationandtheirabilitiescallforthat.21SampleJobDescription222.JobSpecificationswWhereasthejobdescriptionfocusesontheactivitiesinvolvedincarryingoutajob,ajobspecificationlooksatthequalitiesofthepersonperformingthejob.232.JobSpecificationswAjobspecificationisalistoftheknowledge,skills,abilities,andothercharacteristics（KSAOs）thatanindividualmusthavetoperformthejob.w工作规范是从事这项工作的个人必须具备工作规范是从事这项工作的个人必须具备一系列知识、技能、能力及其它特征。

一系列知识、技能、能力及其它特征。

242.JobSpecificationswJobspecificationdescribestheindividualtraitsandcharacteristicsrequ