机械优化设计C语言程序.docx
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机械优化设计C语言程序.docx
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机械优化设计C语言程序
一、黄金分割法
二、二次插值法
三、最速下降法(阶梯法)
四、变尺度法
五、鲍威尔法
一、黄金分割法
#include
#include
main()
{
floata,b,e;
printf("\n请输入区间和收敛精度:
a,b,e\n");scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&e);
golden(a,b,e);
}
golden(floata,floatb,floate)
{
floaty1,y2,a1,a2,A,Y;
intn=0;
a1=b-r*(b-a);a2=a+r*(b-a);
y1=f(a1);
y2=f(a2);
printf("黄金分割法的搜索过程:
");
do
%d
{printf("\na=%f,b=%f,a1=%f,a2=%f,y1=%f,y2=%f",n,a,b,a1,a2,y1,y2);
if(y1>=y2)
{
a=a1;a1=a2;y1=y2;a2=a+r*(b-a);y2=f(a2);
}else
{
b=a2;a2=a1;y2=y1;a1=b-r*(b-a);y1=f(a1);
n++;
}while(fabs((b-a)/b)>=e||fabs((y2-y1)/y2)>=e);
A=(a+b)/2;
Y=f(A);
printf("\n%da=%f,b=%f,a1=%f,a2=%f",n,a,b,a1,a2);
printf("\n结果:
\n极值点及其函数值:
A=%f,Y=%f\n",A,Y);}
二、二次插值法
#include"stdio.h"
#include"math.h"#include"conio.h"voidmain(){
float*area(floata1,floatp,floata[3]);
floatf(floatx);
floatar,fr;
floata1=10,p=0.01,e=0.000001;
floatpa[3];
area(a1,p,pa);
a1=pa[0];
floata2=pa[1];
floata3=pa[2];
floatf1=f(a1);
floatf2=f(a2);
floatf3=f(a3);
do
{ar=((a3*a3-a2*a2)*f1+(a1*a1-a3*a3)*f2+(a2*a2-a1*a1)*f3);ar=ar/2/((a3-a2)*f1+(a1-a3)*f2+(a2-a1)*f3);
fr=f(ar);
if(ar>a2)
{if(fr>f2)
{a3=ar;f3=fr;}
elseif(fr {a1=a2;f1=f2; a2=ar;f2=fr;} else {a3=ar;a1=a2;a2=(a1+a3)/2; f1=f2;f3=fr;f2=f(a2);} } elseif(ar {if(fr>f2) {a1=ar;f1=fr;}elseif(fr a2=ar;f2=fr;} else {a1=ar;a3=a2;a2=(a1+a3)/2;f1=fr;f3=f2;f2=f(a2);} } if(fabs(a1-a3)<=e)break; }while (1);if(f2 {ar=a2;fr=f2;}printf("\nx=%f\nf(x*)=%f",ar,fr); } float*area(floata1,floatp,floata[3]){floatf(floatx); floata2,f2,a3,f3,temp; floatacc=0.00001; floatf1=f(a1); floatstorep=p;while (1) {a2=a1+p;f2=f(a2); if(f2>=f1) {if(fabs(f2-f1) elsep=-p; } elsebreak; }while (1) {a3=a2+p;f3=f(a3);if(f2<=f3)break;p=2*p;a1=a2;f1=f2;a2=a3;f2=f3; }if(a1>a3) {temp=a1;a1=a3;a3=temp;}a[0]=a1;a[1]=a2;a[2]=a3; returna; } floatf(floatx) { floaty=pow(fabs(x-1),1.5)+pow(fabs(x-1),2.7); returny; } 三、最速下降法 #include #include floatfun1(floatx1,floatx2) {floata; a=2*x1; returna; } floatfun2(floatx1,floatx2) {floatb; b=50*x2; returnb; } floatfun3(floatx1,floatx2) {floaty; y=x1*x1+25*x2*x2; returny; } main() {floatt,e=0.01,x1=0,x2=1,a,b,y,m; a=fun1(x1,x2); b=fun2(x1,x2); m=sqrt(a*a+b*b); while(m>e) {t=(a*a+b*b)/(2*a*a+50*b*b);x1=x1-a*t;x2=x2-b*t;a=fun1(x1,x2);b=fun2(x1,x2);m=sqrt(a*a+b*b); } y=fun3(x1,x2); printf("Theminis%f",y); } 四、DFP变尺度法 #include #include #include #include #defineff1.0e-6 #defineac1.0e-6 #definead1.0e-6 #definen2 doubleia; doublefny(double*x) { doublex1=x[0],x2=x[1]; doublef;f=x1*x1+2*x2*x2-4*x1-2*x1*x2; returnf; } double*iterate(double*x,doublea,double*s){ double*x1; inti; x1=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double));for(i=0;i x1[i]=x[i]+a*s[i]; returnx1; } doublefunc(double*x,doublea,double*s) {double*x1;doublef;x1=iterate(x,a,s);f=fny(x1); returnf; } voidfinding(doublea[3],doublef[3],double*xk,double*s){ doublet=tt; inti; doublea1,f1; a[0]=0;f[0]=func(xk,a[0],s); for(i=0;;i++){ a[1]=a[0]+t;f[1]=func(xk,a[1],s); if(f[1] { t=-t; a[0]=a[1];f[0]=f[1]; } else { if(ia==1)return;//break t=t/2;ia=1; } } for(i=0;;i++) {a[2]=a[1]+t; f[2]=func(xk,a[2],s); if(f[2]>f[1])break; t=2*t; a[0]=a[1];f[0]=f[1]; a[1]=a[2];f[1]=f[2]; } if(a[0]>a[2]) { a1=a[0]; f1=f[0]; a[0]=a[2]; f[0]=f[2]; a[2]=a1; f[2]=f1; return; } doublelagrange(double*xk,double*ft,double*s) { inti; doublea[3],f[3]; doubleb,c,d,aa; finding(a,f,xk,s); for(i=0;;i++) { if(ia==1){aa=a[1];*ft=f[1];break;} d=(pow(a[0],2)-pow(a[2],2))*(a[0]-a[1])-(pow(a[0],2)-pow(a[1],2))*(a[0]-a[2]);if(fabs(d)==0)break; c=((f[0]-f[2])*(a[0]-a[1])-(f[0]-f[1])*(a[0]-a[2]))/d; if(fabs(c)==0)break; b=((f[0]-f[1])-c*(pow(a[0],2)-pow(a[1],2)))/(a[0]-a[1]); aa=-b/(2*c); *ft=func(xk,aa,s); if(fabs(aa-a[1])<=ad){if(*ft>f[1])aa=a[1];break;} if(aa>a[1]) { if(*ft>f[1]){a[2]=aa;f[2]=*ft;} elseif(*ft elseif(*ft==f[1]) {a[2]=aa;a[0]=a[1]; f[2]=*ft;f[0]=f[1]; a[1]=(a[0]+a[2])/2; f[1]=func(xk,a[1],s); } } else { if(*ft>f[1]){a[0]=aa;f[0]=*ft;} elseif(*ft elseif(*ft==f[1]){a[0]=aa;a[2]=a[1]; f[0]=*ft;f[2]=f[1]; a[1]=(a[0]+a[2])/2; f[1]=func(xk,a[1],s); } } } if(*ft>f[1]){*ft=f[1];aa=a[1];} returnaa; } double*gradient(double*xk) { double*g,f1,f2,q; inti; g=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double)); f1=fny(xk); for(i=0;i {q=ff; xk[i]=xk[i]+q;f2=fny(xk);g[i]=(f2-f1)/q;xk[i]=xk[i]-q; } returng; } double*bfgs(double*xk) { doubleu[n],v[n],h[n][n],dx[n],dg[n],s[n]; doubleaa,ib; double*ft,*xk1,*g1,*g2,*xx,*x0=xk; doublefi; inti,j,k; ft=(double*)malloc(sizeof(double)); xk1=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double)); for(i=0;i { s[i]=0; for(j=0;j { h[i][j]=0; if(j==i)h[i][j]=1; } } g1=gradient(xk); fi=fny(xk);x0=xk; for(k=0;k if(ia==1){xx=xk;break;} ib=0;for(i=0;i s[i]+=-h[i][j]*g1[j];aa=lagrange(xk,ft,s);xk1=iterate(xk,aa,s);g2=gradient(xk1); for(i=0;i if(ib==0){xx=xk1;break;}fi=*ft; if(k==n-1) {intj; xk=xk1;for(i=0;i if(j==i)h[i][j]=1; }g1=g2;k=-1; } else { intj; doublea1=0,a2=0;for(i=0;i for(i=0;i {intj; u[i]=0;v[i]=0;for(j=0;j {u[i]=u[i]+dg[j]*h[j][i];v[i]=v[i]+dg[j]*h[i][j]; } } for(j=0;j {a1+=dx[j]*dg[j];a2+=v[j]*dg[j]; }if(fabs(a1)! =0) {a2=1+a2/a1;for(i=0;i for(j=0;j }xk=xk1;g1=g2; } }if(*ft>fi){*ft=fi;xx=xk;}xk=x0; returnxx; } voidmain() { intk; double*xx,f; doublexk[n]={1,1};xx=bfgs(xk); f=fny(xx);printf("\n\nTheOptimalDesignResultIs: \n");for(k=0;k {printf("\n\tx[%d]*=%f",k+1,xx[k]);}printf("\n\tf*=%f",f); getch(); 五、鲍威尔法 #include"stdio.h" #include"stdlib.h" #include"math.h" doubleobjf(doublex[]) {doubleff;ff=x[0]*x[0]+2*x[1]*x[1]-4*x[0]-2*x[0]*x[1];return(ff); } n,doublea[],doubleb[]) voidjtf(doublex0[],doubleh0,doubles[],int{inti; double*x[3],h,f1,f2,f3; for(i=0;i<3;i++) x[i]=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double)); h=h0;for(i=0;i f1=objf(x[0]);for(i=0;i *(x[1]+i)=*(x[0]+i)+h*s[i];f2=objf(x[1]); if(f2>=f1) {h=-h0; for(i=0;i *(x[2]+i)=*(x[0]+i); f3=f1;for(i=0;i {*(x[0]+i)=*(x[1]+i); *(x[1]+i)=*(x[2]+i); } f1=f2; f2=f3; } for(;;) {h=2.*h; for(i=0;i *(x[2]+i)=*(x[1]+i)+h*s[i]; f3=objf(x[2]);if(f2 break; else {for(i=0;i {*(x[0]+i)=*(x[1]+i); *(x[1]+i)=*(x[2]+i); } f1=f2; f2=f3; } } if(h<0.) for(i=0;i {a[i]=*(x[2]+i); b[i]=*(x[0]+i); } else for(i=0;i {a[i]=*(x[0]+i); b[i]=*(x[2]+i); }for(i=0;i<3;i++)free(x[i]); } doublegold(doublea[],doubleb[],doubleeps,intn,doublexx[]){ inti; doublef1,f2,*x[2],ff,q,w;for(i=0;i<2;i++) x[i]=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double));for(i=0;i {*(x[0]+i)=a[i]+0.618*(b[i]-a[i]);*(x[1]+i)=a[i]+0.382*(b[i]-a[i]); }f1=objf(x[0]);f2=objf(x[1]); do{if(f1>f2) {for(i=0;i *(x[0]+i)=*(x[1]+i); }f1=f2; for(i=0;i *(x[1]+i)=a[i]+0.382*(b[i]-a[i]); f2=objf(x[1]); } else {for(i=0;i {a[i]=*(x[1]+i); *(x[1]+i)=*(x[0]+i); } f2=f1; for(i=0;i *(x[0]+i)=a[i]+0.618*(b[i]-a[i]);f1=objf(x[0]); } q=0; for(i=0;i q=q+(b[i]-a[i])*(b[i]-a[i]); w=sqrt(q); }while(w>eps); for(i=0;i xx[i]=0.5*(a[i]+b[i]); ff=objf(xx); for(i=0;i<2;i++) free(x[i]); return(ff); } doubleoneoptim(doublex0[],doubles[],doubleh0,doubleepsg,intn,doublex[]){double*a,*b,ff; a=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double)); b=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double));jtf(x0,h0,s,n,a,b); ff=gold(a,b,epsg,n,x); free(a); free(b);return(ff); } doublepowell(doublep[],doubleh0,doubleeps,doubleepsg,intn,doublex[]){inti,j,m; double*xx[4],*ss,*s; doublef,f0,f1,f2,f3,fx,dlt,df,sdx,q,d; ss=(double*)malloc(n*(n+1)*sizeof(double));s=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double)); for(i=0;i {for(j=0;j<=n;j++) *(ss+i*(n+1)+j)=0; *(ss+i*(n+1)+i)=1; } for(i=0;i<4;i++) xx[i]=(double*)malloc(n*sizeof(double));for(i=0;i *(xx[0]+i)=p[i]; for(;;) {for(i=0;i x[i]=*(xx[1]+i); }f0=f1=objf(x);dlt=-1; for(j=0;j {for(i=0;i }f=oneoptim(xx[0],s,h0,epsg,n,x);df=f0-f; if(df>dlt) {dlt=df; m=j; } } sdx=0.; for(i=0;i free(s); for(i=0;i<4;i++)free(xx[i]);return(f); } for(i=0;i *(xx[2]+i)=x[i]; f2=f; for(i=0;i fx=objf(x); f3=fx;q=(f1-2*f2+f3)*(f1-f2-dlt)*(f1-f2-dlt);d=0.5*dlt*(f1-f3)*(f1-f3); if((f3 {if(f2<=f3) for(i=0;i *(xx[0]+i)=*(xx[2]+i); else for(i=0;i } else {for(i=0;i }f=oneoptim(xx[0],s,h0,epsg,n,x);for(i=0;i for(j=m+1;j<=n;j++) for(i=0;i } } } voidmain() {doublep[]={1,1}; doubleff,x[2];ff=powell(p,0.3,0.001,0.0001,2,x); printf("输出最优点及其目标函数值: \n");printf("x[0]=%f,x[1]=%f,f
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