Unit5文献阅读与翻译第5章.pptx
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Unit5文献阅读与翻译第5章.pptx
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Unit5TranslationSkills(5):
ConversionWhatisconversion?
thechangeofpartsofspeechintranslationOneofthemostimportanttranslationtechniques.TheimportanceofconversionOwingtothedifferenceinlanguagestructuresbetweenEnglishandChineselanguages,itisdifficulttocarryoutword-for-wordtranslationAsamatteroffact,awordbelongingtoacertainpartofspeechinonelanguagesometimeshastobeconvertedintoadifferentpartofspeech,soastobringforthareadableandcoherentsentence.Therefore,conversionisoneoftheimportantandcommonlyadoptedtranslationtechniques.ForexampleMyaudiencevariedfromtenstothousands.听我演讲者少则少则数十人,多则多则数千人。
TheEnglishverb“varied”canhardlyberenderedintoChineseinthesamepartofspeech.Asamatteroffact,awordbelongingtoacertainpartofspeechinonelanguagesometimeshastobeconvertedintoadifferentone,soastoconformtotheusageofthetargetlanguage.FivecategoriesConversionintoverbsC-EconversionConversionintoadverbsConversionintoadjectivesConversionintonouns1.ConversionintoVerbs1)ConversionofnounsintoverbsThesightandsoundofourjetplanesfilledmewithspeciallonging.看到看到我们的喷气式飞机,听见听见隆隆的机声,我感到心驰神往。
Rocketshavefoundapplicationfortheexplorationoftheuniverse火箭已经用来探索用来探索宇宙。
2)ConversionofprepositionsintoverbsAforceisneededtomoveanobjectagainstinertia.为使物体克服克服惯性而运动,就需要一个力。
Thesestaffmembersworkedlonghoursonmeagerfood,incoldcaves,bydimlamps。
这些工作人员每天长时间工作,吃吃的的是粗茶淡饭,住住的的是冰冷的窑洞,点点的的是暗淡的油灯。
3)ConversionofadjectivesintoverbsManyEnglishadjectivesafteralinkverbindicatingonesconsciousness,feelings,emotions,desires,etc.arealwaysconvertedintoChineseverbs.Thesewordsinclude:
confident,certain,careful,cautious,angry,sure,ignorant,afraid,doubtful,aware,concerned,glad,delighted,sorry,ashamed,thankful,anxious,grateful,able,andsoon.Doctorshavesaidthattheyarenotsuretheycansavehislife.医生说他们不敢肯定肯定救得了他的命。
Bothofthesubstancesaresolubleinwater.两种物质都能溶溶于水。
4)AdverbsConvertedIntoVerbs1)Whentheswitchisoff,thecircuitisopenandelectricitydoesntgothrough.当开关断开断开时,电路就形成开路,电流不能通过通过。
2)Inthiscasethetemperatureinthefurnaceisup.这种情况下,炉温就升高升高。
conclusionOneofthemostremarkabledifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinesesyntaxistheuseoftheverb.ItistakenforgrantedthatanEnglishsentencecontainsnomorethanonepredicateverb,whileinChineseitsnotunusualtohaveclustersofverbsinasimplesentence.2.ConversionintoNouns1)VerbsintonounsSuchmaterialsarecharacterizedbygoodinsulationandhighresistancetowear.这些材料的特点特点是:
绝缘性好,耐磨性强。
Thedesignaimsatautomaticoperation,easyregulation,simplemaintenanceandhighproductivity.设计的目的目的在于自动操作,调节方便,维护简易,生产率高。
Someverbsthatarederivedfromnounscanhardlybetranslatedliterallysotheyareusuallyconvertedintonouns.2)AdjectivesConvertedIntoNounsBoththecompoundsareacids,theformerisstrong,thelatterweak.这两种化合物都是酸,前者是强酸,后者后者是弱酸。
Inthefissionprocessesthefissionfragmentsareveryradioactive.在裂变过程中,裂变碎片具有强烈的放射性放射性Adjectiveswiththedefinitearticlestoindicatecategoriesofpeople,things,oradjectivesusedaspredicativetoindicatethenatureofthingsmayalsobeconvertedintonouns.3)PronounsconvertedintonounsThespecificresistanceofironisnotsosmallasthatofcopper.Radiowavesaresimilartolightwavesexcepttheirwavelengthismuchgreater.铁的电阻系数不如铜的电阻系数电阻系数那样小。
无线电波与光波相似,但无线电波无线电波的波长要长得多。
EnglishpronounsaremorefrequentlyusedthanChinese.Inordertomakeclearwhattheyreallyreferto,wesometimeshavetoconvertthemintonouns,i.e.,torepeatthenounsthattheystandfor.3.ConversionIntoAdjectives1)NounsintoadjectivesThepallorofherfaceindicatedclearlyhowshewasfeelingatthemoment.Independentthinkingisanabsolutenecessityinstudy.她苍白的苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪学习中的独立思考是绝对必要的必要的。
SometimesitisconvenientforatranslatortoconvertEnglishnounsintoChineseadjectives.2)AdverbsintoadjectivesEarthquakesarecloselyrelatedtofaulting.Itisdemonstratedthatgasesareperfectlyelastic.NotonlycanEnglishadverbsbeconvertedintoChineseadjectives,butalsointonounsoccasionally.Heisphysicallyweakbutmentallysound.地震与断裂运动有密切的密切的关系。
已经证实,气体具有理想的理想的弹性。
他身体身体虽弱,但思想健康。
EnglishadverbsareusedmoreextensivelythanChineseadverbs;andmanyofthemcanbeconvertedintoChineseadjectives.4.ConversionintoAdverbs1)AdjectivesintoadverbsBelow4C,waterisincontinuousexpansioninsteadofcontinuouscontraction.Ahelicopterisfreetogoalmostanywhere.水在4度以下就不断地不断地膨胀,而不是不断地不断地收缩。
直升飞机几乎可以自由地自由地飞到任何地方去。
ThisisthemostcommoncasewhenanounmodifiedbyanadjectiveisconvertedintoaverbintheChineseversion.Sometimes,itisjustforthesakeofconvenience.2)NounsandVerbsConvertedIntoAdverbsRapidevaporationattheheating-surfacetendstomakethesteamwet.Thenewmayorearnedsomeappreciationbythecourtesyofcomingtovi
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