学年江苏如皋中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案.docx
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学年江苏如皋中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案.docx
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学年江苏如皋中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
2020-2021学年江苏如皋中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Shoppingcenters,stadiumsanduniversitiesmaysoonhaveanewtooltohelpfightcrime.
ACaliforniacompanycalledKnightscopesaysitsrobotscanpredictandpreventcrime.Knightscopesaysthegoalistoreducecrimebyhalfinareastherobotsguard.
WilliamSantanaLiisthechiefexecutiveofficerofKnightscope.Hesays,"Theserobotsecurityguardswillchangetheworld.Ourplanethasmorethansevenbillionpeopleonit.It'sgoingtoquicklygettoninebillionpeople.Thesecurityequipmentthatwehavegloballyisjustnotgoingtodevelopthatfast.Thecompany'sAutonomousDataMachinescanbecometheeyesandearsoflawenforcement(执法)."
"Youwantthemtobemachinesplushumans.Let.themachinesdotheheavyandsometimesdangerousworkandletthehumansdothestrategicdecision-makingwork,soit'salwaysworkingalltogether."
Themachinesdonotcarryweaponsbuttheyhavedayandnightvideocameraswhichareabletoturn360degreesandcanalsosensechemicalandbiologicalweapons.
Somepeoplemaybecomeconcernedabouttheirprivacy,especiallyinconnectionwiththevideorecordings.SomepeoplemayworrythatsuchrecordingswillappearontheInternet.EugeneVolokh,alawprofessorattheUCLASchoolofLaw,saysthemachineshavetobeusedintherightwayanditwillbeinterestingtoseehowstatelawsdealwiththiskindofvideo.
WilliamSantanaLisaysthereisalongwaitinglistfortherobotsintheUS.Workersinthecompanyareworkingovertimetomeetthedemandsofthemarket.Atleast25othercountriesarealsointerestedintheserobotsecurityguards.
1.Whatcanthisnewtooldoforhumans?
A.Makestrategicdecisions.
B.Keepwatchingdayandnight.
C.Carryheavyweapons.
D.Stopcrimeautonomously.
2.Whyaresomepeopleworriedaboutthenewrobots?
A.Theirprivacymaybeletout.
B.Therobotsareveryexpensive.
C.Robotswillreplacehumans.
D.Theywillbeoutofworksoon.
3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?
A.RobotsAreBecomingMorePopular
B.RobotsContributeaLottotheWorld
C.RobotsAreinGreatDemandNow
D.SecurityRobotsCouldHelpCutCrime
B
Scientistshavemadegreatdiscoveries.Buthowhavetheyinfluencedourpersonallives?
DokidsinyourclassroomevenknowwhenEinsteinlived?
Youmaybewondering:
butwhyisitimportanttoteachkidsaboutmodern-dayscientists?
First,storiesofscientistscanencouragekids.ChrisHadfieldisaCanadianwhowenttospace,andhe’sareal,guitar-playingperson.HemakessingingvideosonYouTube!
Hisstorycanmakekidsthinkscientistsarealsocommonpeople.Hearingscientists’storiesmakeskidsthink“Icandothattoo!
”
Butnotonlythat,thestoriesoffamousscientistscanencouragekidstonevergiveup.BillNyewasalwaysrefusedwhentryingtobeanastronaut.Buttoday,he’smadealotofsuccessesinhisroleasapopularscienceeducatorandengineer.Besides,it’snosecretthatscientificdiscoveriesrequiretrying,andtryingagain.
Anotherwaysomescientistscanencouragekidsisthroughtheirdiversity.NeildeGrasseTyson,forexample,isanAfrican-American,whichisnotcommoninhisfield.Suchstoriescanmakekidsthinkanyonecanbeascientist.
It’simportanttoknowthatscientistsdon’tneedtobe“gifted”or“good”atschool.Oftenweconsiderascientistasbeinganextremelysmartkidatschool.Thatdoesn’thavetobetrue.Theyjustneedtohaveagreatinterestinscience.Tellingstudentsstoriesofscientistscanencouragethemtoshowinterestinscience.Aslongasthey’reinterested,theyarelikelytobecomeascientistinthefuture.
Modernscientiststeachkidsthatknowledgebuildsuponthefoundationothershavelaid.Thisisimportant—noonecandoitalone.Scientists’storiescanencouragetoday’syoungscientiststokeeptrying.They’llbeencouragednottogiveuponthedreamofmakingdiscoveries.Eveniftheyhaven’tmadeimportantdiscoveries,theirresearchmayhelpthefollowingscientists.
4.WhatcanChrisHadfield’sstorytellstudents?
A.Scientistsareinterestedindifferentthings.
B.Studentsshouldhaveahobbyoftheirown.
C.Scientistscanbeordinarylikepeoplearoundus.
D.Studentsshouldconsiderscientistsastheirmodels.
5.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragreewith?
A.African-Americansaremorelikelytobecomescientists.
B.Scientistsarenotnecessarilyverysmartatschool.
C.Notallscientistsreallyshowinterestinscience.
D.Scientistsareusuallygoodattheirschooling.
6.Thelastparagraphshowsusthat________.
A.scientistsshouldhelpeachother
B.ascientistshouldnevergiveuptrying
C.makingdiscoveriesisnecessaryforscientists
D.newscientificdiscoveriesmaybebasedonothers’findings
7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Whyscientistsareimportanttous.
B.Whystudentsshouldbetaughtaboutscientists.
C.Whystudentslovestoriesofscientists.
D.Whyscientistscanencouragestudents.
C
AChinesespaceminingcompanyhasdesignedarobotthatcancapturewastematerialleftbehindbyspacecraftinouterspacewithabignet.
Thestate-runXinhuanewsagencyrecentlyreportedthattherobotlaunchedonthegovernment'sLongMarch6rocketalongwithseveralsatellites.Therobotwillalsoinvestigatedeepspacetoobservesmallobjectsintheuniverse.The30-kilogramrobot,calledNEO-01,wasdevelopedbyOriginSpace.Poundedin2019andbasedinthesouthernChinesetechhub(技术中心)Shenzhen,OriginSpacehasbeendevotedtoexploringandusingspaceresources,accordingtothecompany.Thecompanysaystherobotwillleadthewayforfuturetechnologiescapableofminingonasteroids(小行星).
Theworld'sfirstasteroidminingcompany,PlanetaryResources,wasestablishedin2009.Sincethen,morethan12businessesaroundtheworldhaveenteredtheindustry,including3DSystemsoftheUnitedStatesandJapan'sAstroscale.Astroscale'stechnologyusesmagnets(磁铁)togatherupspacewaste.ButareportontheOriginSpacewebsitesaysNEO-01willuseanettocapturewasteandthenbumit.Thousandsofsatelliteshavebeenlaunchedworldwide.Astheyareusedtoolong,manyendupaswasteandputotheroperatingsatellitesatrisk.
SuMengisthefounderofOriginSpace.Hesaidthecompanyplanstolaunchmanyspacetelescopesandmorespacecrafttobeginthefirstfor-profitminingofasteroidsby2045.SuaddedthatNEO-01willserveasaprototype(雏形)offuturespaceminingrobots,whichcanuserichmineralresourcesonasteroidstosupportthedevelopmentofthespaceindustry.
TheXinhuanewsagencyreportedthatChinawasincreasingeffortstolandaspacecraftonanear-Earthasteroidtocollectmaterials.Chinaisalsospeedingupaplantobuildadefensesystemagainstnear-Earthasteroids.ThecountryaimstofollowRussiaandtheUnitedStatesinbecomingamajorspacepowerby2030.
8.WhichofthefollowingcancorrectlydescribeNEO-01?
A.Itweighs60kilograms.
B.ItwascreatedbyPlanetaryResources.
C.Itwillbeburntafterfinishingitsmission.
D.Itismainlyusedtocatchspacewaste.
9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Chinawillbethemostpowerfulinspaceby2030.
B.OriginSpacewillopenmoreminesonasteroids.
C.Itisthoseuselesssatellitesthatmakespacewaste.
D.Therobotwilllookintodeepspaceformorewaste.
10.WhatdoesSuMengthinkofNEO-01?
A.Itispromisingandrewarding.B.Ithasbenefitedthespaceindustry.
C.It'salongwaytoproduceit.D.It'llhelpmakemoneyforthecompany.
11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.NEO-01,ASmartRobotUsedinSpace
B.AChineseRobotCanCatchSpaceWaste
C.ANewRobotMakesChinaaSpacePower
D.NEO-01,thePioneerofFutureSpaceRobots
D
Iwasatmyparent’sdinnertable.Beforemewasawornjournalofthinanddiscolor1edpages.Itwasmygrandfather’sjournalandnowbelongedtomyfather.Mygrandfatherhadpassedawayinthemonthsleadinguptomybirth.Inevergottovisittheplaceshehadfrequentedandthepeoplewhohadbeenapartofhislife’sjourney.
Iwasnowabouttoenterhisworld,throughthewordshehadleftbehind.Withinminutes,Iwascaptivatedbythepowerofthewrittenwords.Inthemagicalscript(笔迹)beforeme,Iwastransportedtoanotheragewhenfoodwasaneverydayart,planned,preparedandenjoyedinthecompanyofothers,andatimewhenpeoplehadthehearttopausetheirownlivestoembrace(拥抱)eachother’sstruggles.Allthiswasconveyedtomeinthebeautyofthewordsthatflowedtogethertoconnectwiththewriter’smindandunderstandtheworldtheylivedin.
Thatkindofwritingseemstobelostonustoday.Wehavegottenusedtowritinginbite-sizedpiecesforapubliclookingforentertainment,andhungryforinformation.Nowonder,therearenearly200millionbloggersontheInternetandanewblogiscreatedsomewhereintheworldeveryhalfasecond.Insteadofaddingtoourcollectivewisdom,mostofthesewritingsreflectthesuperficiality(肤浅)andimpatienceofourdayandage.
Thisnotonlyrobsusoftheskillofwritingimpressiveessays,italsopreventsusfromexploringwhatisindeedimportant.Writinghumbles(使谦卑)usinawaythatisvitalforourcharactergrowth,byremindingusaboutthelimitsoftheselfandourappropriateplaceinthevastflowoflife.Writingfreesusbyhelpingusexploretheunknownsothatwereallyopenuptomagicoftheworldaroundus.Isawallofthisinthewritingofmygrandfather.AndI’veseenitagainandagaininthewritingsofthegreatestthinkersofhumanity.Theirwritingreflectdeepthoughtonissuesofh
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