研究生综合英语期末论文中美跨文化商务交际对比分析.docx
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研究生综合英语期末论文中美跨文化商务交际对比分析.docx
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ContrastiveAnalysisonInterculturalBusinessCommunicationbetweenChinaandAmerica
中美跨文化商务交际对比分析
摘要:
本文主要对比分析了中美两国在商务交际中体现的文化差异。
中美两国的文化有着重大的不同,例如,中美对历史与未来的看法、对集体与个人的观点,以及国人冒险精神的差异等。
这些差异会对中美的许多交流活动产生重要的影响。
如今中美的商务交际越来越频繁,在交际过程中,要特别注意这些文化差异,避免因此而产生的纠纷。
关键词:
文化差异;商务交际;对比分析
ContrastiveAnalysisonInterculturalBusinessCommunicationbetweenChinaandAmerica
Abstract:
ThispapermakeacontrastiveanalysisontheculturaldifferencesinbusinesscommunicationbetweenChinaandAmerica.ChinesecultureismuchdifferentfromAmerican,forexample,Chinese
andAmericanviewsonhistoryandfuture,people’sopinionsoncollectiveandindividualideasinthetwocountries,anddifferencesofthespiritofadventureoftheircountries,andsoon.Manyofthesedifferenceswillhaveanimportantimpactonmanyinterchangeactivities.Atpresent,businesscommunicationbetweenChinaandAmericabecomesmoreandmorefrequent.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheculturaldifferencesinthecommunicationprocesssothatwecanavoidsomeunnecessarydisputesduringtheactivities.
Keywords:
culturaldifferences;businesscommunication;contrastiveanalysis
1Introduction
Cultureisasharedandlearnedbehaviorwhichistransmittedfromonegenerationtoanotherforpurposeofpromotingindividualandsocialsurvival,adaptation,growthanddevelopment.Culturehasbothexternalandinternalrepresentations[1].Peoplealwaysmeanquitedifferentthingswhentheytalkaboutculture.
Interculturalcommunicationisthecircumstanceinwhichpeoplewithdiverseculturalbackgroundsinteractwitheachother[1].Thecrucialelementinthisformofcommunicationisthatculturehastheimpactontheircommunicativebehaviors.Interculturalbusinesscommunicationhasbecomerelevanthotissuepresently,itisacommunicationbymembersofdifferentculturesforbusinessorworkplacepurposes.Itcandealwiththeissuesofcommunicationandbusinesswithinthedisciplineoftheinterculturalcommunication[3].Interculturalbusinesscommunicationtakesplaceinabusinesscontext,whichmeanstheneedforbusinesscontextshouldbeemphasized.Withoutbusinesscontext,interculturalbusinessisill-focusedandnoteffective.Therefore,thestudyofinterculturalbusinesscommunicationneedstheknowledgeofbusinessandinterculturalcommunication.
Forthepurposeofhelpingpeopletodistinguishthedifferencesofdifferentcultures,manyresearchershaveputforwarddifferentmodels.Acriticalpointisthatwecananalyzedifferentdimensions[2].Inthispaper,IwillintroducefivedifferentdimensionstoanalyzethedifferencesbetweenChinaandAmerica.Herearethefiveterms:
1)pastorientationorfutureorientation;2)individualismorcollectivism;3)largepowerdistanceorsmallpowerdistance;4)highcontextcultureorlowcontextculture;5)stronguncertaintyavoidanceorweakuncertaintyavoidance.
2LiteratureReview
Americaisafutureorientationcountry,whileChineseregardpastasimportant.Americanpaymoreattentiontoindividualism.Thatmeanstheycaremoreaboutprivateinterest.Inotherway,Chinesethinkcollectiveinterestismoreimportantthanprivacy.Thirdly,inChina,thereisalargepowerdistancebetweenbossandemployee,
butinAmerica,peoplethinkasmallpowerdistancemakesiteasiertocommunicatewitheachother,andthiswillpromotethedevelopmentofmatters.Forth,Chinaisahighcontextculturecountry,whileAmericawillnotaddalotofothermeaningswhencommunicating,theytalkmoredirectly.
Chinesethinkhighlyoftheirpast,whileAmericanpaymoreattentiontofuture.Thissituationisbasedonthehistoryofthistwocountries.Americaisacountrywhichhasdevelopedverywellinthelasttwohundredyears.Thepacemakespeoplepaymoreattentiontotheirfuturelifebecausetheirgotlesshistorystoriestorecall.ItistheoppositeinChina.Timeorientationisarelativestablefactorinculturaldifferences.LiuW.Q(2012)discussedtherelationshipbetweentimeorientationandhistory.Ingeneral,countrieswithalonghistorywillgetapastorientation,whilecountries,likeAmerica,withashorthistorywillpaymoreattentiontofuture.Shealsosaidthatthedifferencecanbeshowedinpeople’sattitudeto“old”.Chineseuse“old”topresentanattitudeofrespect,whileAmericanthink“old”meansnegative,sotheytrytoavoidusing“old”indailylife.
Whenwetalkaboutindividualismandcollectivism,wecan’tstoppayingmoreattentiontotheirdifferences.YuanjinandGuochunxia(2012)havestudiedthistermbasedonthetheoryofS-Dimension.InChina,peoplearetaughttoprotectthecollectiveinterestwhentheywereyoung.Moreover,alltheChineseeducationteachpeopletoprotectcollectiveinterestfirst,sothatspiritofcollectivismisstronginChina.However,theAmericanpaymoreattentionofpr
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- 关 键 词:
- 研究生 综合 英语 期末 论文 中美 文化 商务 交际 对比 分析