英语四级阅读.docx
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英语四级阅读.docx
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英语四级阅读
SectionC
Directions:
Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD..YoushouMdecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Withsomanyofthedeathseachyearfromaroundtheworlddirectlyrelatedtopoorhealthchoiceswemake.worldhealthleadershavesetagoalofloweringthenumberofpreventabledeathsby25%from2010ratesby2025.Thatwouldsave37millionlivesover15years.ReportinginthejournalLancet,publichealthexpertsnotethatthewaystopreventthosedeathsarea’tsurprising.Butactingonthosestrategieswilltakeindividualandpoliticalwill.Here’showtheexpertshopetodoit.
Notsmoke.TheUNGeneralAssemblysetatargetofcuttingsmokingaroundtheworldby30%by2025.Already,higher-incomenationsthatalreadyadoptedsmokingbansinpublicplacesandinstitutedtobaccotaxeshaveseendropsinsmokingrates,however,residentsinlower-incomenationscontinuetolightupathighrates.
Limitexcessivedrinking.Whilemoderateamountsofalcoholhavebeenlinkedtosomehealthbenefits,
overindulgingcanincreasetheriskofcertaincancersandliverdisease,aswellascontributetohighbloodpressure.Educatingpeopleabouttherisksofexcessivedrinking,aswellasinstitutingtaxesonalcoholicproducts,hasbeensomewhatsuccessfulincurbing(遏制)abuse.
Cutbackonsalt.Highsodium(钠)dietscanincreasebloodpressureandcontributetoheartdiseaseandstroke,andinmanydevelopedcountries,peopleeatseveraltimestheamountthesalttheirbodiesneed.IntheU.S.,theaverageAmericanconsumesabout800mgmoresalteverydaythanhealthexpertsconsideracceptable.Promotingalternatives,suchasthecitricacidinlemons,tosatisfytheneedforsalt,Callhelptobringsodiunlconsumptiondown.
Getbloodpressureundercontrol.Lackofexerciseandhighsodiumdietscontributetohypertension(高血压),anduncontrolledhighbloodpressurecanleadtostrokeandheartdisease.Monitoringbloodpressurewithregularscreenings,andtreatingelevatedlevelswithchangesindietandexercise,ormedicationsifnecessary,arethemosteffectivewaystoaddressthisriskfactor.
Addressdiabetes.Closelytiedtotheobesityepidemic(肥胖病)thatnowaffectsdevelopingaswellasdevelopednations,diabetescanincreasetheriskofheartdisease,kidneydiseaseandotherconditionsthatcanshortenlife.Studiesshowthatlifestylechangesincorporatinghealthydietslowinsugarandphy’sicalactivitycallbeaseffectiveasmedicationsinkeepingbloodsugarlevelsincheck.
56.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayin9“actingonthosestrategieswilltakeindividualandpoliticalwill”(Line4-5,para.1)?
A.Bothpoliticiansandindividualswishtoputthestrategiesintopractice.
B.Conductingthosestrategiesneedstoconsiderbothpersonalandofficialwill.
C.Carryingoutthosestrategiesneedsbothindividualandgovemmentalsupport.
D.Eitherindividualorgovernmentcancarryoutthosestrategies.
57.Whathavehigh.incomecountriesdonetosmoking?
A.Bannedsmokinginthepublicandreducedtobaccotaxes.
B.Bannedpublicsmokingandestablishedtobaccotaxes.
C.Droppedsmokingratesandbannedsmokinginpublic.
D.Droppedsmokingratesandloweredtobaccotaxes.
58.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestiontosodiumconsumption?
A.Eatlemonsinsteadofexcessivesalttocutdownsodiumconsumption.
B.Takeinaslesssaltaspossibleforthesakeofhealth.
C.Takeinatleast800mgofsalteveryday.
D.Nevertakeinsaltbutcitricacidtokeepfit.
59.Whatcarlyoulearnabouthypertensionfromthepassage?
A.Moderateamountofalcoholisgoodforbloodpressurecontr01.
B.Americanpeoplehavealessopportunitytodevelophypertension.
C.Regularbloodpressuremonitoringcanreducetheriskofdiabetes.
D.Controllingbloodpressureproperlycanreducetheriskofstrokeandheartdisease.
60.Whatshouldwedotoaddressdiabetes?
A.Keepalow.sugardiet.
B.Takephysicalexercise.
C.Receivedrugtreatment.
D.Alloftheabove.
PassageTwo
Questions61to65arebasedoBthefollowingpassage.
Whencompaniesconsidertheirbenefitsmix.coverageformedicalcareisoftentop.of-mind.Yettheremaybeanother,evenmorepowerfulconcerndrivingemployeecoveragepreferences:
visioncare.Roughly75%ofadultsintheUnitedStatesrequiresometypeofvisioncorrection.and84percentofadultsbelievethatvisionbenefitsaresomewhatorveryimportanttothem.Asaresult.visionassistanceismovinghigherandhigheronthelistofsought.afteremployeebenefits.
What’sdrivingthetrend?
Onefactoristheincreasingpowerofeyeexaminationstodetectsystemicillness.Inadditiontoidentifyingnearsightedness,farsightednessandastigmatism,routineeyeexanlsnowplayaroleindiagnosingconditionssuchasdiabetes,brainaneurysms(脑动脉瘤),liverdiseaseandstrokerisk.
Earlyidentification,inturn,translatesintomarkedlylowerexpendituresforemployers.In2014,eyeproblemswillcostcompaniesanestimated$8billioninreducedproductivity.Makingsureemployeesgettherighteyecarehelpsemployersreducetheselosses.Atthesametime,itbooststheirabilitytoretainloyalworkers.
Sowhat’sthebestwaytogetpatientsintotheexamchair?
Onewayistoprovideavisionplanthatlowersout-of-pocket(自已付费的)expenses.Indeed,researchshowsthatout-of-pocketexpense--notpremiums--isthenumber-onefactoremployeesconsiderwhenchoosinga-visionplan.“Andthat’sjustsmart.”saysindependentinsurancebrokerShannonEnders. “Premiumsmakeuponlyabout30percentoftotalout.of-pocketexpenses.Soitpaysto100kbeyondthepremiumandseetherealcostofaplan.”
AstudyconductedbyServiceExcellenceGroupInc.,aleadingmarketresearchcompany,showshowtherightvisioninsuranceplancanresultinacross—the-board(全面的)savingsforemployees.Thestudycomparedthepricescustomerswithdifferentinsuranceplanspaidforthesamepopularpairofeyeglassesatindependentdoctorsandretailchains.Itfoundthatcustomerswithinsuranceplansthatweremostsuccessfulatkeepingout-of-pocketexpenseslowsavedhundredsofdollars.
Witheyeglassesbecomingasmuchofafashionaccessory(装饰品)asavisionaid,forward-thinkingcompaniesarebeginningtotakenote.Enderssaysmoreofhisclientsaresayingyestovisioncareplans.“Employeescareabouttheireyes,”hesays.“Andofferingbenefitspackageswiththefeaturesemployeescaremostaboutwillbecomeanevenmoreimportantcorporatestrategygoingforward.”
61.Whatisthemeaningofthelastsentenceofparagraphone?
A.Visionassistanceislistedonthelistofpopularworkerinterests.
B.Visionassistanceisbecomingmoreandmorepopularamongemployees。
C.Visionassistanceisconsideredasoneoftheemployeebenefits.
D.Visionassistanceisthetopconcernoftheemployees.
62.Whatarethefunctionsofeyeexaminations?
A.Identilyingnearsightedness,farsightednessandastigmatism.
B.Diagnosingsystemicillness.
C.Diagnosingdiabetes,brainaneurysms,liverdiseaseandstrokerisk.
D.Identifyingeyesightproblemsanddetectingsystemicillness.
63.Whataretheadvantagesofrightvisioncareplanfortheemployers?
A.Itcanreducethelossescausedbyeyeproblems.
B.Ithelpstheemployerskeeptheemployees.
C.Itcanlowertheexpensesoftheemployersandkeeptheworkers.
D.Itcanhelpincreasetheemployees’income.
64.WhatdoesthestudyofServiceExcellenceGroupInc.suggest?
A.Themostsuccessfulvisioninsuranceplanhelpsemployeessavethemostmoney.
B.Avisioninsuranceplanhelpsemployeessavehundredsofdollarsatatime.
C.Eyeglassesatindependentdoctorscostmorethaninretailchains.
D.Eyeglassesatindependentdoctorscostlessthaninretailchains.
65.WhatcanbelearnedfromShannonEnders’words?
A.Ittakesalotofmoneytolookbeyondthepremium.
B.Consideringtherealcostofaplancoststoomuch.
C.Thecompanyshouldtakeemployees’mostconcernedbenefitsseriously.
D.Thecompanyshouldvisioninsuranceplanasastrategy.
56.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“actingonthosestrategieswilltakeindividualandpoliticalwill”(Line4.5,para.1)?
作者说引号中的这句话是什么意思?
A.Bothpoliticiansandindividualswishtoputthestrategiesintopractice.政府和个人都希望将这些策略投入使用。
B.Conductingthosestrategiesneedstoconsiderbothpersonalandofficialwill.执行那些策略需要考虑个人及官方的意愿。
C.Carryingoutthosestrategiesneedsbothindividualandgovernmentalsupport.执行那些策略需要个人及政府双方的支持。
D.EitherindividualorgovernmentCancarryoutthosestrategies.个人或者政府都可以采用那些策略。
57.Whathavehigh.incomecountriesdonetosmoking?
高收入国家针对抽烟做了些什么?
A.Bannedsmokinginthepublicandreducedtobaccotaxes.禁止在公共场所抽烟并降低烟草税。
B.Bannedpublicsmokingandestablishedtobaccotaxes.禁止公共场所抽烟并制定烟草税。
C.Droppedsmokingratesandbannedsmokinginpublic.降低抽烟率并禁止在公共场所抽烟。
D.Droppedsmokingratesandloweredtobaccotaxes.降低抽烟率以及烟草税。
58.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestiontosaltconsumption?
作者对于食盐摄入有什么建议?
A.Eatlemonsinsteadofexcessivesalttocutdownsodiumconsumption.吃一些柠檬代替过量的食盐以降低钠摄入量。
B.Takeinaslesssaltaspossibleforthesakeofhealth.为了健康,尽可能少吃盐。
C.Takeinatleast800mgofsalteveryday.每天至少吃800毫克的盐。
D.Nevertakeinsaltbutcitricacidtokeepfit不要吃盐而是吃柠檬酸以保持健康。
59.Whatcanyoulearnabouthypertensionfromthepassage?
从这篇文章中,关于“高血压”你了解到了什么?
A.Moderateamountofalcoholisgoodforbloodpressurecontrol.适量的酒精有助控制血压。
B.Americanpeoplehavealessopportunitytodevelophypertension.美国人不容易得高血压。
C.Reg
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