卫萌萌论文.docx
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卫萌萌论文.docx
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卫萌萌论文
本科毕业论文
题目:
美国奴隶制度对黑人的摧残
----《宠儿》主题评析
学院:
外国语学院_
专业班级:
英语0601班
学号:
2006344010129
学生姓名:
卫萌萌__
指导教师姓名:
李亚民_
指导教师职称:
讲师
二O一O年六月十五日
TitleoftheThesis
TheDevastationofAmericanSlaveryonthePeople
------AnAnalysisoftheThemeofBeloved
AGraduationThesisSubmittedby
WeiMengmeng
InPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements
For
TheDegreeofBachelorofArts
IntheSubjectofEnglishLanguageandLiteratureTo
CollegeofForeignLanguages
Of
AgriculturalUniversityofHebei
Supervisor:
LiYamin
May20,2010
Candidate:
_________
Supervisor:
_________
TableofContents
TableofContentsi
Acknowledgementsi
摘要ii
Abstractii
1.Introduction1
1.1Theworkswiththeblackpeople1
1.2ToniMorrison’slifeandtheplotofBeloved1
2.PhysicalDevastationontheBlackPeople2
2.1PhysicalDamage2
2.1.1Thescarsandcountlessbeatingonslaves2
2.1.2ThedistinctexamplesofphysicalvictimsinBeloved---BabySuggsandSethe3
2.2PhysicalBondage4
3.MentalDestructionontheBlackPeople5
3.1Distoredlove…………………………………………………………………………………..6
3.1.1ThereasonwhySethekilledherdaughter6
3.1.2Sethe’stoothickloveforherdaughter7
3.1.3ThebadeffectsofSethe’distortedloveonherfamily8
3.2AbsenceofSelf-identity9
3.2.1Womenslaves’absenceofname,life,evenchildren9
3.2.2PaulD’self–uncontrollinglife10
3.3UnavoidableandPainfulMemory11
3.3.1TheinfluenceofunforgetablememoryofSethe’s11
3.3.2Theblackpeople’sforeverpains12
4.Conclusion12
Notes13
Bibliography14
Acknowledgements
Fristly,Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.Duringtheperiodofmypaperwriting,mysupervisor,LiYamin,gavemealotofencouragementandguidance.Hehaswalkedmethroughallthestagesofthewritingofthisthesis.Withouthisconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspresentform.
Secondly,Iwouldthanktoallmyteachersduringmyfouryears’study,especiallyprofessorLiuJi,whogavememuchhelpinmystudyandmylife.Withouttheseteachers’assistant,Icannothavetoday’sachievements.
Lastmythankswouldgotomybelovedfamilyfortheirlovingconsiderationsandgreatconfidenceinmeallthroughtheseyears.Ialsoowemysinceregratitudetomyfriendsandmyfellowclassmateswhogavemetheirhelpandtimeinlisteningtomeandhelpingmeworkoutmyproblemsduringthedifficultcourseofthethesis.
WeiMengmeng
May10,2010
【摘要】当代美国黑人文坛众星云集,其中最亮的一颗巨星就是托妮·莫里森。
她以黑人文学已经取得的经验和成就为坚实基础,勇于探索,形成了自己的特色。
《宠儿》是莫里森的杰作之一,并在1988年赢得了普利策文学奖。
1993年,她因“其富于洞察力和诗情画意的小说把美国现实的重要方面写活了”而获得了诺贝尔文学奖。
小说不仅探讨了蓄奴制对奴隶造成的肉体上的,精神上的劫掠,而且也反映出由蓄奴制导致的女主人公塞丝母性的扭曲以及黑人冲突。
小说以一个杀婴儿故事为主线,深刻揭露了美国奴隶制的对黑人的摧残。
本文从美国奴隶制度对黑人的摧残角度对小说的主题进行了分析。
正文共分为两个部分。
第一部分分析了奴隶制度对黑人的身体迫害。
第二部分分析了奴隶制度对黑人的精神造成的伤害。
【关键词】奴隶制的摧残;精神;肉体
【Abstract】IncontemporaryAfrican-Americanliteraryworldtherearemanyshiningstars,amongwhomToniMorrisonisthemostsignificantone.BasedontheexperienceandachievementsoftheAfrican-Americanliterature,BelovedisoneofMorrison’smasterpieces,whichwonthe.PulitzerPrizein1988.In1993,shewontheNobelPrize,forherdescription“innovelscharacterizedbyvisionaryforceandpoeticimport”,which“giveslifetoanessentialaspectofAmericanreality.”
Thenovelnotonlyexploresthephysical,mental,devastationwroughtbyslavery,butalsoreflectsthesinofslaverywhichleadstoSethe’smaternaldistortionandblackconflicts.ThenoveltakesaninfanticidestoryasitsmainthreadanddeeplyrevealsthedevastationleftbytheAmericanslavery.
Thisthesisanalyzesthethemeofthenovelfromthedevastationofslavery.Itconsiststwochapters.ChapteroneexploresthephysicaldevastationoftheAmericanslaveryonblackpeople.ChaptertwoanalyzesandexposesthementaldestructionoftheAmericanslavery.
【KeyWords】DevastationofSlavery;Body;Mind
1.Introduction
1.1Theworkswiththeblackpeople
AfricanAmericanliteraturehasalonghistory.Itisauniqueliteraturebecauseitistiedupwiththeuniqueexperienceoftheblackpeopleandphaseoftheirgrowth.TheAfricanAmericanshavetheirownhistory.Anditalsohasundergonealongprocessofevolution.Oraltraditoncamefristintheformofsongs,ballads,andspirituals,inshort,folkliteratureinitsvariousmanifestations.Thenintheeighteenthcentury,AfricanAmericanpoetslikeJupiterHammon(1720-1800)andPhyllisWheatley(1753-1894)appearedonthescene.TheAfricanAmericannovelbegantomakeitspresenceinmid-nineteenthcentury.
OneofthethemesofAfricanAmericanliteratureistorevealtheagonieswhichtheblackshaveexperiencedinmiserabletimeandtoexploresinsoftheslavery.InAfricanAmericanliteraturehistory,thereareagreatnumberoffamousliteraryworksthatrevealthetragiclifeandsocialstatusoftheblackpeople,suchas,MarkTwain’smasterpiece,TheAdventureofHackberryFinn,GonewiththeWindbyMargaretMitchellandUncleTom’sCabinbyHarrietBeecherStowe.TodayAfricanAmericanwriters,forinstance,AliceWalkerwhoisfamousfortheworkTheColorPeople,AlexHaleyandMayaAngelouwhoseworksarewellreceivedbypeoplearerecognizedasthemostsignificantandpopularwritersintheUnitedState.
1.2ToniMorrison’slifeandtheplotofBeloved
ToniMorrison,whoisthemostoutstandingcontemporaryAfricanAmericanwritersandwontheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1993,isaninternationalcelebrity.Shewonmanyliteraryawards.Shebeganwritingintheearly1960sandpublishedherfirstnovel,theBluestEyein1970,whichsecuredMorrisonanominationfortheNationalBookAward.In1977,herbookSongofSolomon,wontheNationalBookCriticsAward.Sincethenshehaswrittenquietafewworksofimportant,forinstance,TarBaby(1981),Beloved(1987),Jazz(1992),Paradise(1998)andLove(2003).Amongthese,BelovedwonthePulitzerPrizein1998.
ToniMorrisonwasborninNorthernOhio.Whenshewasyoung,shehasexperiencedthepainfuleffectsoftheracialdiscrimination.Aftershemovedtothenorthwithherparents,shestillgrewupwiththeharmfromtheracialism.In1980s,thoughonehundredyearshadpassedaftertheabolitionofslavery,theblackpeoplewerestillsufferingfromtheharmofracialdiscrimination.JustasToniMorrisonsaidataninternationalliterarycongressinNewYorkin1986,“HadIlivedthelifethatthestateplannedformefromthebeginning,Iwouldliveanddiedinsomebodyelse’skitchen,onsomebodyelse’sland,andneverwrittenaword.”①Onlytheblacksknowwhattheyhaveexperiencedandonlytheblackwriters’workscanrevealtheincredibletorturestheblackpeoplesuffered.WritingliteraryworkstorevealtherealstateofblackpeoplebecameanimportanttaskforToniMorrison.
MorrisonisfamousforherfifthnovelBeloved,whichbasedonatruestory.Inthestorytheauthortellsanastonishingstory:
aslave,Sethe,decidedtokillherchildrensothattheywouldnotsufferthelifesheexperiencedasaslave.Beforecaughtbythepursuers,sheslashedthethroatofhertwoyearsbabygirl,afterthatshegavebirthtoherdaughterDenverandlivedinthehouse124.Eighteenyearslater,belovedasababyghostcametorevenge,shedrivehertwobrothersawaybutwasdroveawaybyPaulD,hermother’sformerfellowslave.However,belovedreappearedinhumanform,shedisturbedthelife.Sethewassufferingfromphysicalandmentaldevastation.Shewasonthebrinkofcollapse.Fortunately,thebabyghostwasdriedawaywiththehelpofDenverandthecommunityofblacks.
AccordingthedescriptionofthenovelBeloved,oneoftheauthor’saimsistoletthepeoplegettoknowtheblackpeople’stragiclifeandtorevealthesinsoftheAmericanSlavery.Thethesisattemptstoanalyzethethemeofthenovel—thedevastationofAmericanslaveryontheblackpeople.Itincludestwoparts:
thephysicaldevastationandthementaldestruction.
2.PhysicalDevastationontheBlackPeople
IntheUnitedStates,theslaveryhasmadeanddeprivedsixtymillionblackpeople’slivesatleast;furthermoreitmakestheblackpeoplesurviveintheshadowoftheslaveryfromgenerationtogeneration.Slaveryisconsideredthemostinhumaneandhorriblesystem.Alltheblackslaveshavesufferedthephysicaldevastationfromtheslavery.Undertheslavery,theslaveshavenothemselves,nonames,nopossession…theyhavenothing;theyaretheprivatepropertyoftheslaveownerswhotreattheslavesasanimalsslavesastheylike.Inbeloved,alltheex-slaveshavesufferedthephysicaltormentswhichtheywanttodriveawayfromtheirmemories,butthescarsontheirbodiesforcethemtorecallthebloodylifemadebythecrimesoftheslavery.
2.1PhysicalDamage
2.1.1Thescarsandcountlessbeatingonslaves
Theslavehasnofreedom.Thecommonthingthattheownershasdonetothemiscarvingsomemarksontheirbodies,notlettingthemfleeaway.Slaveryisjustlikecrazymonstersthatcontroltheslaves.Thescarsonthebodiesleavetheslavesnothingbutthehorriblememoryandunspeakablepainintheheart.InBeloved,slaveownerscoulddowhatevertheylike,theynevertreatslavesastruemen,butasanimals.Negroeswouldbewhipped,raped,andevenkilledbytheirowners.
Everybodyofslaveswasdamagedbadlybyslaveowner.ToniMorrisonhaseversaidthatblackpeoplewerevictimsofanenormousamountofviolence.Noneofthosethingscouldtakeplacewithoutthecomplicityofthepeoplewhoruntheschoolsandthecity.Forslaveowners,theycandowhatevertheywanttodowiththebodiesoftheir“animal”
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