高中英语常见易混易错同义词辨析与精练.docx

高中英语常见易混易错同义词辨析与精练.docx

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高中英语常见易混易错同义词辨析与精练

高中英语常见易混易错同义词辨析与精练

1.clothes,cloth,clothing　clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.incident,accident　incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.3.amount,number　amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词anumberofstudents4.family,house,home　home家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.5.sound,voice,noise　sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.6.photo,picture,drawing　photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.7.vocabulary,word　vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词Hehasalargevocabulary.8.population,people　population人口，人数，people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.9.weather,climate　weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.10.road,street,path,way　road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径　takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.11.course,subject　course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）asummercourse12.custom,habit　custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接todo，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接ofdoing.I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.13.cause,reason　cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接ofsth./doingsth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate14.exercise,exercises,practice　exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practicemakesperfect.15.class,lesson　作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.lesson6;class516.speech,talk,lecture　speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课aseriesoflectureon…17.officer,official　officer部队的军官，official政府官员anarmyofficer18.work,job　二者均指工作。

work不可数，job可数agoodjob19.couple,pair　couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers20.country,nation,state,land　country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.21.cook,cooker　cook厨师，cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.22.damage,damages　damage不可数名词,损害，损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages23.police,policeman　police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.24.problem,question　problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask,answer连用25.man,aman　man人类，aman一个男人Manwillconquernature.26.chick,chicken　二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.27.telegram,telegraph　当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph28.trip,journey,travel,voyage　travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 athree-daytrip29.sport,game　sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.30.price,prize　price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.31.anumberof,thenumberof　anumberof许多，谓语动词用复数。

thenumberof…的数目，谓语动词用单数。

Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.32.infrontof,inthefrontof　infrontof范围外的前面，inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.33.oftheday,ofaday　oftheday每一天的，当时的，当代的，ofaday暂时的，不长久的afamousscientistoftheday34.threeofus,thethreeofus　threeofus我们（不止三个）中的三个，thethreeofus我们三个（就三个人）Thethreeofus---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.35.bybus,onthebus　bybus表手段，方式，不用冠词，onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.36.foramoment,forthemoment　foramoment片刻，一会儿，forthemoment暂时，一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.37.nextyear,thenextyear　nextyear将来时间状语，thenextyear过去将来时间状语Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.38.morethanayear,morethanoneyear　morethanayear一年多，morethanoneyear超过一年（两年或三年等）39.takeadvice,takethe（one's）advice　takeadvice征求意见，taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.40.takeair,taketheair　takeair传播，走漏，taketheair到户外去，散步Wetaketheaireveryday.41.inaword,inwords　inaword总之，一句话，inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.42.inplaceof,intheplaceof　inplaceof代替，intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.43.insecret,inthesecret　insecret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；inthesecret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.44.agirl,onegirl　agirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?

45.takeachair,takethechair　takeachair相当于sitdown坐下，takethechair开始开会46.gotosea,bysea,bythesea　gotosea当海员，出航，bysea乘船，由海路，bythesea在海边gobysea47.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher　thedoctorandteacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，thedoctorandtheteacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师thedoctorandteacheris48.inoffice,intheoffice　inoffice在职的，intheoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.49.inbed,onthebed　inbed卧在床上，onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.50.inchargeof,inthechargeof　inchargeof管理，负责照料，inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.Thematterisinthechargeofher.51.inclass,intheclass　inclass在课上，intheclass在班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.52.onfire,onthefire　onfire着火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.53.outofquestion,outofthequestion　outofquestion毫无疑问的，outofthequestion不可能的54.asecond,thesecond　asecond又一，再一，thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.55.byday,bytheday　byday白天，bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.56.thepeople,apeople　thepeople指人，apeople指民族TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.57.it,one　it同一物体，one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.58.that,this　that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.That'swhy…59.none,nothing,noone　none强调有多少，nothing,noone强调有没有，nothing指物，noone指人　---Howmany…/Howmuch…?

---None.60.anyone,anyone　anyone指人，不能接of，anyone指人物均可，可接ofanyoneofyou61.who,what　who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?

Heisateacher.62.what,which　what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?

63.other,another　other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent64.notalittle,notabit　notalittle非常，notabit一点也不I'mnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。

65.many,much,alotof　many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，alotof可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句Ihaven'tmanybooks.66.muchmore…than,manymore…than　muchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词，manymore…than后接可数名词manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful67.no,not　no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater68.nomorethan,notmorethan　nomorethan相当于only，仅仅，只有，notmorethan至多，不超过69.majority,most　majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可themajorityofpeople70.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself　byoneself单独的，独自的，foroneself为自己，tooneself供自己用的，ofoneself自行的， 自动的Thedooropenedofitself.71.atall,afterall　atall根本，全然,afterall到底，毕竟Afterallheisachild.72.tall,high　tall常指人或动物，high常指物体Heistall.73.fast,quickly　fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly74.high,highly　high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的thinkhighlyof75.healthy,healthful　healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise76.sleeping,asleep,sleepy　sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.77.gold,golden　gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用goldfishagoldring78.most,mostly　most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…79.just,very　just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语theveryman,justtheman80.wide,broad　wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broadshoulders81.real,true　　real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合realgold,atruestory82.respectful,respectable　　respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged83.outwards,outward　　二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词anoutwardvoyage84.pleasant,pleased,pleasing　　pleasant常用作定语，pleased,pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.85.understanding,understandable　　understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable可理解的，能够懂的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake86.close,closely　　close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地closelyconnected,standclose87.ill,sick　　ill做表语，sick定，表均可asickboy88.good,well　　good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.89.quiet,silent,still　　quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。

90.hard,hardly　　hard努力，hardly几乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.91.able,capable　　able与不定式todo连用，capable与of连用Heiscapableofdoing…92.almost,nearly　　二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody93.late,lately　　late迟，晚，lately最近，近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.94.living,alive,live,lively　　living,alive,live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive95.excited,exciting　　excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的I'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.96.deep,deeply　　deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeplymoved,digdeep97.aloud,loud　　aloud出声地，loud大声地readaloud（出声地读）98.worth,worthy　　二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone　　Itisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.99.bad,badly　　bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need,want,require连用为"很，非常"gobadIneedthebookbadly.100.beforelong,longbefore　　beforelong不久以后，longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong

101.quite,rather　　quite完全地，相当于completely,rather修饰比较级quiteimpossible102.happy,glad　　happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语ahappygirl103.instead,insteadof　　instead是副词，放在句首或句末，insteadof是介词短语，放在句中Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV. HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.104.toomuch,muchtoo　　toomuch后接不可数名词，muchtoo后接形容词muchtooheavy105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodo　　beaboutto表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，begoingto侧重打算，想法，betodo侧重意志，计划，安排I'mtomeethim.（含双方事先约好的意思）106.raise,rise　　raise及物动词，rise不及物动词Thesunrisesintheeast.107.bring,take,carry,fetch　　bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetchaboxofchalk108.spend,take,pay,cost　　spend人做主语，花钱，花时间;spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主语，花时间;pay人做主语，花钱，payfor;cost物做主语，花钱109.join,joinin,takepartin　　join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；joinin参加小型的活动,joinsb.in；takepartin参加大型的活动Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.110.learn,study　　learn学习，侧重学习