大学英语六级阅读训练.docx
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大学英语六级阅读训练.docx
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大学英语六级阅读训练
大学英语六级阅读训练
Everyday25milionU.S.childrenrideschoolbuses.Thesafetyrecordforthesebusesismuchbetterthanforpassengercars;butnevertheless,about10childrenarekilledeachyearridingonlargeschoolbuses,andnearlyfourtimesthatnumberarekilledoutsidebusesintheloadingzones.Byandlarge,however,thenation'sschoolchildrenaretransportedtoandfromschoolsafely.
Eventhoughthenumberofschoolbuscasualties(死亡人数)isnotlarge,thesafetyofchildrenisalwaysofintensepublicconcern.Whileeveryonewantstoseechildrentransportedsafely,peoplearedividedaboutwhatneedstobedone—particularlywhetherseatbeltsshouldbemandatory(强制性的)•
Supportersofseatbeltsonschoolbusesarguethatseatbeltsarenecessarynotonlytoreducedeathandinjury,butalsototeachchildrenlessonsabouttheimportanceofusingthemroutinelyinanymovingvehicle.Asidebenefit,theypointout,isthatseatbeltshelpkeepchildrenintheirseats,awayfromthebusdriver.
OpponentsofseatbeltinstallationsuggestthatchildrenarealreadywellprotectedbytheschoolbusesthatfollowtheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration's(NHTSA)safetyrequirementsetin1977.Theyalsobelievethatmanychildrenwon'twearseatbeltsanyway,andthattheymaydamagethebeltsorusethemasweaponstohurtotherchildren.
AnewResearchCouncilreportonschoolbussafetysuggeststhattherearealternatesafetydevicesandproceduresthatmaybemoreeffectiveandlessexpensive.Forexample,thestudycommitteesuggestedthatraisingseatbacksfourinchesmayhavethesamesafetyeffectivenessasseatbelts.
ThereportsponsoredbytheDepartmentofTransportationattherequestofCongress,reviewsseatbeltsextensivelywhiletakingabroaderlookatsafetyinandaroundschoolbuses.
1.Eachyear,childrenkilledoutsidebusesintheloadingzonesareabout_______.
A.10B.40
C.30D.50
2.Whichofthesewordsisnearestinmeaningtothewords"aredivided"inParagraph
A.disagreeB.separate
C.arrangeD.concern
3.Accordingtothepassage,whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontroloftheschoolbuses'"safety"?
A.ANewResearchCouncil.
B.TheDepartmentofTransportation.
C.TheMedicalOrganizations.
D.NationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration.
4.Itmaybeinferredfromthispassagethat_______.
A.manyoftheopponentsofseatbeltinstallationareparentsandofficialsoftheDepartmentofTransportation
B.proposalofseatbeltsonschoolbuseswouldbeseriouslyconsidered
C.analternatesafetydevice(raisingseatbacksfourinches)maybetakeninto
consideration
D.TheDepartmentofTransportationmayeithertaketheideaofseatbeltsorothermeasureswhenitreviewsthewholesituation
5.Thebesttitlewhichexpressestheideaofthepassageis_______.
A.MakingSchoolBusesEvenSaferforChildren
B.SeatBeltsNeededonSchoolBuses
C.AlternateSafetyDevicesandProcedures
D.SafetyinandaroundSchoolBuses
答案
1.B2.A3.D4.D5.A
Accordingtothelatestresearchinthe'UnitedStatesofAmerica,menandwomentalksuchdifferentlanguagesthatitislikepeoplefromtwodifferentculturestryingtocommunicate.ProfessorDeborahTannenofGeorgetownUniversity,hasnoticedthedifferenceinthestyleofboy'sandgirl'sconversationsfromanearlyage.Shesaysthatlittlegirls'conversationislessdefinitethanboys'andexpressesmoredoubts.Littleboysuseconversationtoestablishstatuswiththeirlisteners.
Thesedifferencescontinueintoadultlife,shesays.Inpublicconversations,mentalkmostandinterruptotherspeakersmore.Inprivateconversations,menandwomenspeakinequalamounts—althoughtheysaythingsinadifferentstyle.ProfessorTannenbelievesthat,forwoman,privatetalkingisawaytoestablishandtestintimacy.Formen,privatetalkingisawaytoexplorethepowerstructureofarelationship.
Teachingisonejobwherethedifferencesbetweenmen'sandwomen'swaysoftalkingshow.Whenamanteachesawoman,saysProfessorTannen,hewantstoshowthathehasmoreknowledge,andhencemorepowerinconversation.Whenawomanteachesanotherwoman,however,sheismorelikelytotakeasharingapproachandtoencourageherstudenttojoinin.
ButProfessorTannendoesnotbelievethatwomenarenaturallymorehelpful.Shesayswomenfeeltheyachievepowerbybeingabletohelpothers.Althoughtheresearchsuggestsmentalkandinterruptpeoplemorethanwomen,ProfessorTannensays,womenactuallyencouragethistohappenbecausetheybelieveitwillleadtomoreintimacyandhelptoestablisharelationship.
Somescientistswhoarestudyingspeechthinkthatthebrainispre¬programmedforlanguage.Asweareusuallytaughttospeakbywomen,itseemslikelythatthebrainmusthaveasexualbias(倾向性)initsprogramming,
otherwisemalespeechpatternswouldnotariseatall.
1.Intheopinionofthewriter,womenencouragementotalkbecause
A.itwillleadtomoreintimacyandhelptoestablisharelationship
B.itwillhelptoestablishstatuswiththeirlisteners
C.itwillhelptoexpressmoreclearly
D.itwillhelptocommunicatebetter
2.Thereare_______inlittlegirls'conversationthaninboys'.
A.fewerdoubtsB.moredemands
C.moredoubtsD.feweruncertainties
3.Somescientistsbelievethatbrainispre-programmedforlanguage.Theword"preprogrammed"means_______.
A.programmedalreadyB.programmedbeforeoneisborn
C.programmedearlyD.programmedbywomen
4.Inprivateconversation,womenspeak
A.thesamethingsasmenB.lessthanmen
C.morethanmenD.asmuchasmen
5.Thethemeofthisarticleis_______.
A.womenarenaturallymorehelpful
B.menandwomentalkdifferentlanguages
C.mentalkmostandinterruptotherspeakersmore
D.littlegirls'conversationislessdefinite
答案
1.A2.C3.B4.D5.B
Everyday,thenewsoftheworldisrelayedtopeoplebyover300millioncopiesofdailypapers,over400millionradiosets,andover150milliontelevisionsets.Additionalnewsisshownbymotionpictures,intheatresandcinemasallovertheworld.Asmorepeoplelearnwhattheimportanteventsofthedayare,fewerarestillconcernedexclusivelywiththeeventsoftheirownhousehold.AstheEnglishwriterJohnDonneputitnearlyfourhundredyearsago,"nomanisanisland."ThisideaismoreappropriatetodaythanitwaswhenDonnelived.Inshort,whereverhelives,amanbelongstosomesociety;andwearebecomingmoreandmoreawarethatwhateverhappensinoneparticularsocietyaffects,somehow,thelifeanddestinyofallhumanity.
Newspapershavebeenpublishedinthemodernworldforaboutfourhundredyears.MostofthenewspapersprintedtodayarereadinEuropeandNorthAmerica.However,soontheymaybereadinallpartsoftheworld,thankstothenewinventionsthatarechangingthetechniquesofnewspaperpublishing.
Electronicsandautomationhavemadeitpossibletoproducepicturesandtextfarmorequicklythanbefore.Photographicreproductioneliminatestheneedfortypeandprintingpresses.Andfewerspecialists,suchastype-setters,areneededtoproduceapaperormagazinebythephoto-offset(照相平板胶印)method.Therefore,thepublishingofnewspapersandmagazinesbecomesmoreeconomical.Furthermore,photo-copiescanbesentovergreatdistancesnowbymeansoftelevisionchannelsandsatellitessuchasTelstar.Thus,picturescanbebroughttothepublicmorequicklythanpreviously.
Machinesthatprepareprintedtextsforphoto-copiesarebeingusedagreatdealtoday.Thousandsoflettersandfiguresofdifferentsizesandthicknessescannowbearrangedonablackglassdiscthatisonlyeightinchesindiameter,tobeprintedinnegativeform(whiteonablackbackground).Thedisconthemachineturnsconstantlyattherateoftenrevolutionsasecond.Abeamoflightfromaslroboscopic(频闪的)lampshinesonthedesiredlettersandfiguresforaboutIwo-millionthsofasecond.Thentheimageofthelettersandfiguresthatwereilluminatedisprojectedontoafilmthroughlenses.Thesectionoffilmislargeenoughtoholdtheequivalentofapageoftext.Thereisakeyboardinfrontofthemachinethatissimilartothekeyboardofatypewriter,andthemachineoperatorhasonlytostriketheproperkeysfortheimageofthecorrespondingletterstobeimmediatelytransferredtothefilm.Thenegativeimageonthefilmcanquicklybetransferredontopaper.Thismethodmakesitaseasytoreproducephotographsandillustrationsasitistoreproducethetextitself.
Film,beinglightandsmall,canbesentrapidlytootherplacesandusedtoprintcopiesofthetextwheretheyareneeded.Filmimagescanalsobeprojectedeasilyonamovieortelevisionscreen.Televisionbroadcastsarelimitedtoanareathatiswithinsightofthesendingstationoritsrelay(中继).Althoughtelevisionrelaysareoftenplacedonhillsandmountainssothattheycancoverawiderregion,theystillcannotcovermorelandthanonecouldseefromthesamehilltoponaclearday.However,theraysalsogooutintotheatmosphere,andifthereisarelaystationonasatellitethatrevolvesaroundtheearth,itcantransmitthepicturestoanypointontheearthfromwhichthesatelliteisvisible.Threesatellitespermanentlyrevolvingovertheequatortransmitanytelevisionprogramtoanypartoftheearth.Thismakesitpossibleforworldeditionsofnewspaperstogivethenewsinallcountriesatthesametime.Somedayitmaybepossibleforasubscribertoatelevisednewspapertopressabuttonandseeanewspaperpageonhistelevision
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