英汉颜色词的翻译和比较英文版.docx

英汉颜色词的翻译和比较英文版.docx

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英汉颜色词的翻译和比较英文版

ComparisonandTranslationofEnglishandChineseColorWord

Abstract

Thetendencyofworldwideeconomicglobalizationhasbeenintensified,andpeoplehavecloseexchangesinalmosteveryfields.Theroleofcultureintheinteractionbetweenpeoplefromallnationsisbecomingextremelycrucial.ThispaperdiscussesthetranslatingandcontrastofcolorwordsinChinaandtheWest,whichmostlyinvolvesthreesections,thedefinitionandthedifferencesofcolorwords,thecontrastwithcolorwordsandmethodsusedintranslationinEnglishandChinese.Meanwhile,thefirstpartcontainsthreerespects,namely,thedefinition,categoriesthatconsistsofbasiccolorwords,colorwordswithcolorsofobjectsandcolorwordsinshades,aswellasthereasonsforthediscrepanciesincolorwords,whichincludesthedifferentethnicbeliefsleadtodifferencesincolorwords,influenceofdifferentmodesofthinkingandrepresentationoncolorwordsandinfluenceofdifferentpoliticalsystemsandsocialdifferencesoncolorwords.Andthesecondpartmainlycoverssixrespects,namely,thevariousimplicationandusageofcolorwordsinthesetwolanguages,suchasred,black,white,yellow,blueandgreen.Ultimately,thelastpartinvolvestworespects,namely,literarytranslationandfreetranslationthatcontainsculturalequivalenceandfunctionalequivalence.Bycomparingandtranslatingcolorwordsaboutthesetwokindsoflanguages,thisessay,foronething,willaimatmakingaprofoundanalysisofthediscrepanciesabouttheutilizationofcolorwordsaboutthetwolanguagesandthereasonsforthediscrepancies;foranother,thewriterexpectstooffertinyadviceandreferencesoncolorwordsinthefuture.

KeyWords:

ChineseandEnglishcolorwords,comparison,translation

摘要

随着世界经济全球化的发展，各国人民在政治、经济和文化之间的交往日益密切。

文化在各国人民相互交往过程中的作用变得越来越突出。

本篇论文主要是针对英汉颜色词的翻译和比较，主要包括三个方面，即色彩词的定义和不同，英汉色彩词的对比和英汉色彩词翻译过程中所使用方法。

同时，第一部分包括三个方面，即定义，分类，其中包括基本色彩术语，色彩词的对象色彩和色差颜色词，和造成英汉色彩词差异的原因，其中包括不同的伦理信念导致色彩词的差异，关于色彩词思维和表达差异的影响和政治体制和社会差异的影响。

其次，第二部分包括六方面的内容，即英汉色彩词内涵及使用的差异，如红色，黑色，白色，黄色，蓝色和绿色。

最后，第三部分包括两方面的内容，即直译和意译，其中意译又包括文化对等和功能对等。

本文通过对比和翻译英汉色彩词，一方面希望可以更加深刻的剖析英汉色彩词使用的差异以及造成这种差异的原因；另一方面，希望为以后从事英汉色彩词的研究学者提供借鉴和参考。

关键词：

中英颜色词;比较;翻译

1.Introduction

Itisinextricableforlanguageandculture,whichinfluenceseachother.Languageistheproductofculturalevolutionanditssurvivalcannotbepartedintheenvironmentofsocietyandcultureonwhichitrelies.Throughthetranslationandcomparisonofcolorwordsinvariousculture,thispaperwillexplorethediscrepanciesbetweencolorwords,reasonsforthesediversities,andmeansintranslating.Thisarticleaimstoanalyzetheinternaldifferencesaboutcolorwordsinthesetwolanguages,andhowtousethesecolorwordsappropriatelytoavoidmisuseormisconceptionincommunicatingorwriting.

2.LiteratureReview

IntermsofthestudyoftheChinesecolors,therearesomeofthestudies.

LiuYunquan（刘云泉,1990）discussestherelationshipbetweentheevolutionofChinesecolorvocabularyanditsessentialattributessuchascharacteristicsandart,literature,scienceandsociety,whichhasafar-reachinginfluenceonstudyingcolorwordsinthenearfuture.

YinYonglong（尹泳龙,1997）,elaboratesacomprehensiveanalysisofChinasinceancienttimesspreadmorethan2000colornames,andheisthefirsttoclassifycolorsasthreecolornamesystems.Mr.Yinnotonlyexplainsmorethan2000kindsofcolorsindetail,butalsoconveysthecolortoneandsaturation.

AsregardtothestudyofEnglishcolorwords,therearesomelistsofstudies:

ZhangPeiji（张培基,1980）commitshimselftoresearchingwesterncolorwordsfromtheperspectiveofChineseandcomesupwithacomprehensiveexplanationfromtheetymology,compositionandevolutionaboutEnglishcolorwords.

Inrecentyears,therearemoreandmorecomparativestudiesonChineseandEnglishcolorwords:

GuJiazu（顾嘉祖,2002）,probesintotheinfluenceofChineseandwesternnationalcultureonthedevelopmentofChineseandEnglishcolorwordsfrommacroandmicroperspectives.Simultaneously,heputsforwardtheethnicdiversitiesrevealedbycolorwordsininterculturalexchange.

ChenJiazhen（陈嘉珍,2011）deemsthatcolorwordsnotonlyexpresssimpleobjectattributes,butalsoconveyssomeimplicationsaboutsocietyandculture.Throughthepointofcolor,peoplecanseethereligiousbeliefs,moralcodeandaestheticconceptionsofvarioussocieties.

ScholarsandresearchersmentionedabovehaveprovidedahostofresearchmethodsandtheoriestostudycontrastandtranslatingaboutcolorwordsinEnglishandChinese.TheircontributionsareofgreatsignificanceandareveryhelpfultoourresearchonChineseandEnglishcolorwords.

3.TheDefinitionofColorWordsandtheDifferences

3.1Definition

Colorwordsarepartofspeechclassifiedaccordingtotheconceptualmeaning.Theyareservedtorepresentvariousthings’naturalcolorinmostinstances.However,languageistheproductofcultureanditsexistenceandevolutionismarriedtightlywiththesocialandculturalsurroundings.Therefore,colorwordspossesstheirspecificsensesindifferentstatesandregionsbecauseitisaffectedtremendouslybytheseculturalelements.Throughcolorwords,peoplewillcomprehendtheirrichimplicationandextension,aswellastheprofoundnationalculturalpsychologyandemotionalcolorcontainedinthem.

3.2Classification

Althoughthevarietyandquantityofcolorwordsareextremelyabundantandthedifferencesamongthemaregreat,thereareobvioussimilaritiesinthecognitionofcolorwordsamonghumanbeings,andthesortofcolorislargelyalike.Colorwordsisgenerallyclassifiedintothreekinds:

BasicColorWords,ColorWordswithColorsofObjects,andColorWordsinShades（DingFeng,JiangLijun,2005:

85-86）.

3.2.1BasicColorTerms

Thebasiccolorwordsarewhatspeciallyutilizedtorepresentthings’color.Onbehalfoftheextensivecolors,theyhaveaspecialgeneralityandarefrequentlyusedincommunication.ThegeneralbasiccolorwordsinEnglishcangenerallybediscoveredinChinese.Peoplehavethesameconceptofbasiccolorbecauseoftheiraesthesiaofcolor.Itreferstothosecolorwordswhichexpressesthefeelingofthings.Thebasiccolorwordshaslittledifferencebetweentwolanguages.Thereare赤橙黄绿青蓝紫,andtherearered,white,black,green,yellow,blue,purple,gray,browncorrespondingly.

3.2.2ColorWordswithColorsofObjects

Colorwordswithcolorsofobjectsareusedtorepresentthecolorofnaturalobjects.Thecolorofthemisdistinctive,anditsnamerepresentstheobjectandreferstoacolor.Thenaturalobjectrepresentsthenaturalcoloroftheword.Thephysicalcolorwordsarefarmorethanthebasiccolorwords,andmostEnglishphysicalcolorwordshavethecorrespondingwordsinChinese.Forexample,silvermeans“银白”,goldmeans“金色”,andlead-graymeans“铅灰”（DingFeng,JiangLijun,2005:

86）.Thesecolorsarewidelyemployedinlifeandliterature.

3.2.3ColorWordsinShades

ColorWordsinShadesrefertothedifferencesbetweenlightandshadebythenaturallightorwhitelightfromthesunshiningonvariouscolors.InEnglish,weusetheword“shade”toindicateaslightshadeofthiscolor.Thesekindsofwordsare:

（1）deepexpression:

deep,dark;

（2）lightexpression:

light,pale;（3）clearexpression:

brightandvivid.

3.3TheReasonfortheDifferencebetweenEnglishandChineseColorWords

Owingtothecontrastsingeographicalfeatures,customsandfolkwaysandreligiousfaithsindifferentconditions,diversecolorshaveindividualvisuallinksandmeaningsforpersons.Therefore,itisnecessarytogivegreatlyparticularfocusaboutthedifferencesintranslation.Inaddition,inEnglish,wordsorphrasescomposedbycolorwordsoftenhavetheirspecialmeaningoridiomaticusage,whichshouldn’tbeneglectedinthetranslatingofcolorwords.

3.3.1DifferentEthnicBeliefsLeadtoDifferencesincolorwords

Itisinextricablebetweencolorwordsanddailylife,andeachcolorwordholdsauniqueaestheticfunction.Inaestheticjudgment,peopledevelopaspecificstandardtotheformfactorofcolor,andeachnationhasafolkloricinterestincolorandevenworship.Differentnationscomprehendthisadorationdistinctlycorrespondingly.

3.3.2TheInfluenceofDifferentWaysofThinkingandExpressiononColorWords

Sinceeachnationorcountryhasitsownunusualwayofexpressionandthought,andthisdifferencewillaffectpeople’sexpressionandcognitionofthings.Therearemanydifferentconceptsfortheobservationanduseofcolorwords.PeopleinBritishcultureareusedtoformalanalysis,highlightingthesubjectiveroleandtakingthesubjectasthecenter,whilethethinkinghabitsoftheChinesepeopleareoftengraspedasawhole,startingfromrealityandpayingattentiontotheintegrationofsubjectandobject.Forexample,blackteaisnotcalled“黑茶”inChina.

3.3.3TheInfluenceofDifferentPoliticalSystemsandSocialDifferencesonColorWords

Language,asocialphenomenon,proceedsanddevelopswiththesociety.Theinnovationofthepoliticalsystemandtheeconomicsystem,andthesocialdiversityandunification,willadvanceitsdevelopment.Thesamecolorwordmayaddnewmeaningswiththedevelopmentofsociety,andthesamesocialandculturalsystemcanalsobeusedwithdifferentcolorwords.Colorwordsareutilizedregularlyineconomicandpolitics.Forexample,redinkisthedeficitandintheblackistheprofit.

4.TheComparisonwithEnglishandChineseColorWords

Becausecolorwordsoriginatedfrompeople'sconceptionandunderstandingofthenaturalscenetheyarefamiliarwith,whentheymentionsomething,peoplecanoftenthinkof