端午节民风民俗英文版节日庆典.docx
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端午节民风民俗英文版节日庆典.docx
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端午节民风民俗英文版节日庆典
端午节民风民俗英文版
﹝海南省﹞每逢端午,海南各处都会如中原一般举办龙舟竞渡等活动.在如今保存最为完好的古县治城垣定安,五百年历史的明成化古城门洞内,仍有两个石阶叠架着两条鲜艳、修长、昂扬的龙舟.海岛先人,端午时节,扛起龙舟,奔向大河,挥汗于南渡江中竞渡……历史就从一个个古色端午,时光交错着流淌到了今朝.素有"椰乡"之称的文昌,是宋庆龄的祖居地,临海傍河.自古以来,当地沿海沿河居民每逢端午,都会举办赛龙舟的活动,祈福求安.海南除了与内地相同的赛龙舟、吃粽子、挂菖蒲和艾草,还有一个海岛百姓都熟知的内容,就是洗龙水和洗草药澡.
(HainanProvince)duringtheDragonBoatFestival,HainangeneralthroughouttheCentralPlainswillbeheld,suchasdragonboatracesandotheractivities.Intoday'sbestpreservedancientcitywallgovernanceDinganCounty,fivehundredyearsthehistoryoftheancientcityofMingDynastywithintheopenings,therearestilltwostonemountedstackedtwobright,slender,high-spiriteddragonboat.Islandancestors,theDragonBoatFestivalseason,pickingupoftheboat,towardtheriver,in......historyoftheancientcolorfromaDragonBoatFestival,therunningtimestaggeredtoToday.Knownas"coconutTownship,"saidWen,istheancestralhomeofSoongChingLing,theseaalongtheriverside.Sinceancienttimes,thelocalcoastalresidentsalongtheriverduringtheDragonBoatFestival,willhosttheactivitiesofthedragon-boatrace,toprayforsafety.Hainanandthemainlandinadditiontothesamedragonboatracing,eatingdumplings,hangingcalamusandWormwood,aswellasanislandpeopleareallfamiliarwiththecontent,thatis,washingwaterandwashing-longherbalbath.
吃茶蛋江西南昌地区,端午节要煮茶蛋和盐水蛋吃。
蛋有鸡蛋、鸭蛋、鹅蛋。
蛋壳涂上红色,用五颜六色的网袋装着,挂在小孩子的脖子上,意谓祝福孩子逢凶化吉,平安无事。
EatingTeaeggsinNanchangJiangxiareaontheDragonBoatFestival.Eggsareeggs,duckeggs,gooseegg.Eggshellcoloredredcollectwithcolorfulnetbag,hanginginthechild'sneck,meansthatthechildwishesgoodluck,safeandsound.
吃黄鳝我国江汉平原每逢端午节时,还必食黄鳝。
黄鳝又名鳝鱼、长鱼等。
端午时节的黄鳝,圆肥丰满,肉嫩鲜美,营养丰富,不仅食味好,而且具有滋补功能。
因此,民间有“端午黄鳝赛人参”之说。
Eatingeel,ontheDragonBoatFestivalinChinaJianghanareaeateel.Eel,alsoknownaseel,longfish.DragonBoatFestivalseasoneelisfatplumpandtenderdelicious,nutritious,notonlytastegood,butforhealthfunction.Thereforethepublicsay"DragonBoatFestivaleelbetterthanginseng".
吃面扇子甘肃省民勤县一带,端午节这天都蒸“面扇子”。
面扇子用发面蒸制,呈扇形,有5层。
每层撒上碾细的熟胡椒粉,表面捏成各种花纹,染上颜色,十分好看。
这种食俗据说是由端午节制扇、卖扇、赠扇的风俗演变而来的。
Eatingwheatflourfoodforfanshape,MinqinCountyareaofGansuprovince,onDragonBoatFestivaldayaresteam"wheatflourfoodforfanshape."ThisDietCustomissaidtobeevolvedfromthemakingandsellingfancustomsonDragonBoatFestivalday.
吃打糕端午节是吉林省延边朝鲜族人民隆重的节日。
这一天最有代表性的食品是清香的打糕。
打糕,就是将艾蒿与糯米饭,放置于独木凿成的大木槽里,用长柄木棰打制而成的米糕。
这种食品很有民族特色,又可增添节日的气氛。
EatingGlutinousricecake,isagrandfestivalforYanbianKoreanpeopleonDragonBoatFestival.Ontheday,themostrepresentativefoodisricecake,whichmixwormwoodandglutinousriceinalargetub,beatwithalonghandlewoodcraftedriceintocakes.Thisfoodisveryethniccharacteristics,andalsoaddingmoreatmospheretothefestival.
吃薄饼在温州地区,端午节家家还有吃薄饼的习俗。
薄饼是采用精白面粉调成糊状,在又大又平的铁煎锅中,烤成一张张形似圆月,薄如绢帛的半透明饼,然后用绿豆芽、韭菜、肉丝、蛋丝、香菇等作馅,卷成圆筒状,一口咬去,可品尝到多种味道。
EatingpancakesinWenzhouarea,ontheDragonBoatFestivaleveryfamilythereisthecustomofeatingpancakes.Pancakesuseoffinewhiteflourintoapaste,inbig,flatironfryingpan,andbakesheetsshapedlikeafullmoon,thintranslucentSilkcake,andthenusethegreenbeansprouts,chives,pork,eggs,silk,mushrooms,etc.forfilling,rollintoacylindershape,abitetogo,tastethevarietyofflavors.
游百病为盛行于贵州地区的端午习俗。
男女老幼往野外游玩,穿新衣,在中午一时左右,路上山上或树下挤满人群,手抱花草,非常快乐。
晚上回家将花草和水煮开洗澡,老年人称为“游百病”及“洗百病”,不出去游百病及洗百病的人,一年到头就不会获得吉利。
Washalldiseases:
thecustomoftheDragonBoatFestivalispopularinGuizhouregion.Youngandoldtoplaythefield,wearingnewclothes,at1:
00orso,theroadsandthemountainsorunderatreefullofpeople,holdflowers,areveryhappy.Gohomeatnighttoshowerflowersandwatertoboil,theelderlycalled"washall"and"washalldiseases,"peoplewhodonotgooutandwashalldiseaseswillbeunluckythroughouttheyear.
悬艾叶菖蒲民谚说:
“清明插柳,端午插艾”。
在端午节,人们把插艾和菖蒲作为重要内容之一。
家家都洒扫庭除,以菖蒲、艾条插于门眉,悬于堂中。
并用菖蒲、艾叶、榴花、蒜头、龙船花,制成人形或虎形,称为艾人、艾虎;制成花环、佩饰,美丽芬芳,妇人争相佩戴,用以驱瘴。
艾,又名家艾、艾蒿。
它的茎、叶都含有挥发性芳香油。
它所产生的奇特芳香,可驱蚊蝇、虫蚁,净化空气。
中医学上以艾入药,有理气血、暖子宫、祛寒湿的功能。
将艾叶加工成“艾绒”,是灸法治病的重要药材。
菖蒲是多年生水生草本植物,它狭长的叶片也含有挥发性芳香油,是提神通窍、健骨消滞、杀虫灭菌的药物。
可见,古人插艾和菖蒲是有一定防病作用的。
端午节也是自古相传的“卫生节”,人们在这一天洒扫庭院,挂艾枝,悬菖蒲,洒雄黄水,饮雄黄酒,激浊除腐,杀菌防病。
这些活动也反映了中华民族的优良传统。
端午节上山采药,则是我国各国个民族共同的习俗。
挂艾叶菖蒲:
以艾叶悬于堂中,剪艾力虎形或剪彩为小虎,贴以艾叶,妇人争相戴之,以僻邪驱瘴。
用菖蒲作剑,插于门榻,有驱魔法鬼之神效。
在端阳节,家家都以菖蒲、艾叶、榴花、蒜头、龙船花,制成人形称为艾人。
食菖蒲可以成仙,可以长生,汉武帝欲求长主之术,曾吃菖蒲两年。
TotheChinesethefifthlunarmoonismorethanjusttheDragonBoatFestival.Sinceantiquity(古代),theyhavebelievedthatthismonthisapestilentialanddanger-fraught(瘟疫的及充满危险的)period.Childrenborninthismontharesaidtobedifficulttoraise(抚养),andpeopletendtoconcentratetheireffortsduringthistimeattemptingtoprotecttheirfamiliesfromillsandmisfortune.ThedayoftheDragonBoatFestivaliscustomarilythetimewhencleaningandsanitation(卫生)arestressed(着重,强调).Mostfamilieshangcalamus(菖蒲)andartemisia(艾草)abovetheirdoors,bothasadecorationandasapreventiveagainstpestilence.
﹝河北省﹞北平忌端午节打井水,往往于节前预汲,据说是为了避井毒.市井小贩也于端午节兜售樱桃桑椹,据说端午节吃了樱桃桑椹,可全年不误食苍蝇.各炉食铺出售"五毒饼",即以五种毒虫花纹为饰的饼.滦县已许聘的男女亲家咸于端午节互相馈赠礼品.赵县端午,地方官府会至城南举行聚会,邀请城中士大夫宴饮赋诗,称为"踏柳".
BeijinginHebeiProvincetofighttheDragonBoatFestivalfreewater,ofteninpre-pre-absorbed,issaidtobewellinordertoavoidtoxicity.StreethawkerssellingontheDragonBoatFestivalMulberryCherry,DragonBoatFestivalissaidtoeatacherrymulberrycanbeeatenthroughouttheyeardoesnotfly.Shopthesaleoftheovenfresh"cake",thatis,wormpatterninfiveofthecakefordecoration.LuanxianemployedmenandwomenhavemanyrelativesChathameachothergiftsonDragonBoatFestival.DragonBoatFestival,localofficialswillgatherforaretreattotheSouth,thecityinvitedliteratifeast,knownasthe"TapLiu."
﹝山东省﹞邹平县端午,每人早起均需饮酒一杯,传说可以避邪.日照端午给儿童缠七色线,一直要戴到节后第一次下雨才解下来扔在雨水里.临清县端午,七岁以下的男孩带符(麦稓做的项链),女孩带石榴花,还要穿上母亲亲手做的黄布鞋,鞋面上用毛笔画上五种毒虫.意思是借着屈原的墨迹来杀死五种毒虫.即墨在端午节早晨用露水洗脸.
ZoupingCounty,ShandongProvince,theDragonBoatFestival,drinkingacupperpersonisrequiredtogetupearly,legendscanbebelieved.SunshinechildrenwrappedaroundtheDragonBoatFestivaltoseven-colorlinehasalwaysbeentowearthefirsttimetopostsolutionstoraindownbeforethrowingintherain.LinqingCountyDragonBoatFestival,thefollowingseven-year-oldboywithat(doingMichaelnecklace),girlswithbutalsothemothertowearyellowclothshoesmadebyhand,usingwooluppersfivestrokesontheworm.QuYuanbymeansoftheinktokillfiveworm.JimointheDragonBoatFestivalthemorningwashyourfacewithdew.
﹝山西省﹞解州端午,男女戴艾叶,称为"去疾",幼童则系百索于脖子上,据说这是"为屈原缚蛟龙".隰州端午,各村祭龙王,并在田间挂纸.怀仁县端午又名"朱门".定襄县端午,学生需致赠节礼给教师.潞安府以麦面蒸团,称为"白团",与粽子一起拿来互相馈赠.
StatesolutionDragonBoatFestival,ShanxiProvince,Artemsiaargyiwearformenandwomen,knownasthe"diseaseto"ahundredchildrenweregradeIIintheneck,Itissaidthatthisis"tiedQuyuandragon."XiStateDragonBoatFestival,thevillagefestivalLongwangandpaperhanginginthefields.DragonBoatFestival,alsoknownas"whiletherich."DingxiangCountyDragonBoatFestival,thestudentsneedforteachersgiftsBoxing.Lu'anHousesteamedwheatflourtogroups,knownasthe"whitegroup",usedinconjunctionwitheachothergiftsdumplings.
﹝陕西省﹞兴安州端午,地方官率领僚属观赏竞渡,称之"踏石".兴平县端午以绫帛缝小角黍,下面再缝上一个小人偶,称为"耍娃娃".同官县端午以蒲艾、纸牛贴门,称为"镇病".
ShaanxiDragonBoatFestivalXing'anstate,localofficialsledbywatchraces,knownas"thestepping-stone."XingpingCountyDragonBoatFestivalinsewingsilkdamaskmilletsmallangle,thensewingonthefollowingfigures,asmall,knownas"playingdolls."DragonBoatFestivalwithcountyofficialstoPoAi,paperpastecattlegate,knownas"thetownofdisease."
﹝甘肃省﹞静宁州端午摘玫瑰以蜜腌渍为饴.镇原县端午赠新婚夫妇香扇、罗绮、巾帕、艾虎.子弟并邀集父兄宴请师长,称为"享节".漳县端午,牧童祀山神.积薪丘,在鸡鸣前焚烧,俗称"烧高山".
JingningGansuStateDragonBoatFestivaltopickaroseforyeepickledhoney.DragonBoatFestivalCountytownofShannonfannewlywedsgifts,LuoQi,towelPago,entertainedthechildrenandinvitedteachers,knownasthe"festivaltoenjoy."ZhangxianDragonBoatFestival,cowboymountainworship.Hillplotpay,beforethecockburning,commonlyknownas"burningmountain."
﹝江苏省﹞嘉定县端午,不论贫富,必买石首鱼(俗称鳇鱼)煮食.仪征县也有"当裤子、买黄鱼"的俗谚.南京端午,各家皆以清水一盒,加入少许雄黄,鹅眼钱两枚,合家大小均用此水洗眼,称为"破火眼",据说可保一年没有眼疾.武进有夜龙舟之戏,晚上在龙舟四面悬上小灯竞渡,且有箫鼓歌声相和.高邮的端午较为特殊,有系百索子、贴五毒、贴符、放黄烟子、吃"十二红"等习俗,孩子兴挂"鸭蛋络子",就是挑好看的鸭蛋装在彩线结成的络子中,挂在胸前.
JiadingCounty,JiangsuProvince,theDragonBoatFestival,richorpoor,mustbuyShishoufish(commonlyknownasthesturgeonfish)cooking.YizhengCountythereare"Whenthepants,tobuyfish,"theproverb.NanjingDragonBoatFestival,aboxofvariouswaterarerequiredtoaddalittleRealgar,geesetwoeyesmoney,familysizewerewashedwiththeeyes,knownasthe"eyesoffirebreak,"saidtobeayearwithouteyeprotection.Wujinplaytherethenightofthedragonboat,surroundedbyhangingattheDragonBoatracesonasmalllamp,andthesongswithdrumsandflute.TheDragonBoatFestivalGaoyoumorespecial,thereare100Departmentofpaste,pastetheaddress,sub-put-curedtobacco,eating"Red12"andcustom,child-hing,a"sub-ducknetwork"isselectedinagood-lookingduckColorlinesformedinthesub-network,hangingonhischest.
﹝四川省﹞石柱有"出端午佬"的习俗.由四人以两根竹竿抬起一张铺有红毯的大方桌.毯上用竹篾编一个骑虎的道士.敲锣打鼓,街游行.旧时,川西还有端午"打字子"的习俗.是日,成都人皆买李子,于城东南角城楼下,上下对掷,聚观者数万.光绪二一年(一八xx年)因掷李与外国传教士发生衡突,此俗因而停止.乐山、新津等地端午赛龙舟时,还举行盛大商品交易会.
Sichuanpillarsof"atraditionalguy,"thecustom.FromfourtotwobamboopolesShophasliftedalargesquaretable红毯.BambooblanketusedforaTaoistpriestridingatiger.streetprocessions.Old,westernSichuanare
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