高中英语状语从句讲解及练习同名4695.docx

高中英语状语从句讲解及练习同名4695.docx

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高中英语状语从句讲解及练习同名4695

状语从句

状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：

时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。

一、时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的连词有：

when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each（every,next,thefirst）time等。

时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。

1．When,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。

1）When

Eg:

WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.

注意点：

when从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词时，从句主语和be可以省略。

Eg:

When（shewas）walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.

2）As

As除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”

Eg:

Hesangashedanced.（一面```一面）

Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.（随着）

3）While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。

Eg:

Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.

While（theywere）havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.

注意点：

while有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。

eg:

Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.

2．until,not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。

肯定句：

Iwaiteduntilmidnight.

否定句：

Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.

注意点：

1）notuntil…在句首，主句用倒装

eg:

NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.

2）Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句

Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.

3.theminute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”

eg:

Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.

注意点：

theminute,themoment,each（every,next,thefirst）time作连词不和when连用。

4．Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”

eg:

Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.

Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.

ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.

注意点：

Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首，主句用倒装

eg:

HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.

NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.

二条件状语从句

条件状语从句分为两大类：

真实条件句和虚拟条件句。

引导条件状语从句的连词有：

if,evenif/though,unless/if…not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofaras,provided/providing（that）,onconditionthat等。

条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。

1.unless和if…not

unless相当于if…not

eg:

Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.

Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.

注意点：

在虚拟条件句中可用if…not，但不能用unless

eg:

Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.

2．引导条件状语从句的其它连词：

Eg:

Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.

Eg:

Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.

Eg:

Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.

三让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的连词有：

though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。

1．though,although不可与but连用，但可以和yet,still连用.

Eg:

Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.

注意点：

1）though可引导倒装（although不引导倒装），结构为：

强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分，强调对象可为表语（名词、形容词）或状语（副词），表语为名词时，前面不用冠词。

Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.

Tiredasheis,hegoesonwithhiswork.

2）despite和inspiteof也有让步意义，后接名词或动词，而though,although是连词，后接从句。

Eg:

Despite/Inspiteofwantingtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.

Though/althoughshewantedtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.

2.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”

eg:

Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.

Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.

注意点：

nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句

3.evenif/though表示“即使”

eg:

Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.

四原因状语从句

引导原因状语从句的连词有：

because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等

1．because

because语气最强，通常用于回答why提出的问题

注意点：

在itwas…that…的强调结构中，强调原因状语从句可用because引导，不用since,as,for引导。

Eg:

Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.

2.since和as

since的语气比because弱，比as强，表示间接的，已知的原因，自然的结果，表示“既然，由于”。

Eg:

As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.

3．for

当for表示原因关系时，for分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。

Eg:

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.

五目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句的连词有：

sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。

Eg:

Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.

Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.

Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.

注意点：

lest,incase,forfearthat所引导的状语从句中，动词可以用虚拟语气，形式为should+动词原形，也可不用虚拟语气，用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。

Eg:

Youhadbetterleavethekeyathomeincaseoneofusshouldthinkof/thinksofcomingback.

六结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的连词有：

sothat,so…that,such…that等

eg:

Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.

Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.

1．常用句型：

so+形容词/副词+that从句

so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句

such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句

such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句

2．so和such的搭配规律

such修饰名词或名词词组，so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many,few,much,little等。

Eg:

sofoolishsuchafool

soniceaflowersuchaniceflower

somany/fewflowerssuchniceflowers

somuch/littlemoneysuchrapidprogress

somanypeoplesuchalotofpeople

七比较状语从句

引导比较状语从句的连词有：

as…as,than,notso…as,themore…themore等

如：

HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother（does）

Ican’tjumpso/ashighashe（does）

Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit.

Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.

连接词than可作为关系代词用。

　　如：

Hewrotemorethanwasnecessary

Don’tcarrymoremoneythanisneeded

八地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词有:

where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等

eg:

Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.

WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.

注意点：

eg:

IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.（地点状语从句）

IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime.（定语从句）

九方式状语从句

引导方式状语从句的连接词有as,justas,asif/though（一般用虚拟语气，　也有用直陈语气的）等。

EG：

Justdoasyouaretold.

Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.

Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.

在justas---,so---结构中，　as带有比喻含义。

　意为“正如”，　多用于正式文体。

EG：

Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.

theway也可引导方式状语从句　。

EG：

youshouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.

基础题

1.We'dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.

A.andB.butC.asD.unless

2.Ididn'tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.

A.untilB.unlessC.whenD.before

3._____hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.

A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even

4.Ihurried_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.

A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless

5._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.

A.EverytimeB.ThoughC.EvenD.Where

6.What'sthematter_____theystillhaven'tansweredthetelegram?

A.whenB.thatC.thoughD.however

7.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.

A.althoughB.eventhoughC.sothatD.since

8.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.

A.thatB.thoughC.unlessD.if

9.Helenlistenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.

A.inthatB.inorderthatC.incaseD.eventhough

10.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.

A.thanB.whenC.whileD.as

11._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.

A.MuchB.HoweverC.AsD.Although

12.Poor_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.

A.as;whereverB.though;wheneverC.inspiteof;whenD.that;wherever

13.Thechildwas__immediatelyaftersupper.

A.enoughtiredtogotobedB.tootiredtogotobed

C.sotiredthathewenttobedD.verytired,hewenttobed

14.Thehistoryofnursing__thehistoryofman.

A.asoldasB.isoldthanC.thatisasoldasD.isasoldas

15._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYork.

A.SinceB.OnceC.WhenD.Although

16._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.

A.AsB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.Inspiteof

17.ScarcelywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied.

A.thanB.asC.whileD.when

18._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.

A.WhicheverB.HoweverC.WhereverD.Whatever

19.Thehousestood_____therehadbeenarock.

A.whichB.atwhichC.whenD.where

20.Small_____itis,thepenisamostusefultool.

A.becauseB.soC.ifD.as

21.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_____tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.

A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmanyD.twicemanyas

22.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.

A.cheaper;notasbetterB.morecheap;notasbetter

C.cheaper;notasgoodD.morecheap;notasgood

23.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.

A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas

24.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,

A.hisworksarenotwidelyreadB.buthisworksarenotwidelyread

C.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadD.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread

25.___thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As

26.—Whatwasthepartylike?

—Wonderful.It'syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.

A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since

27.Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses_____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then   

28.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.

A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever

29.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

30._____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.

A.HoweverlateisheB.Howeverheislate

C.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis

1-5CABBA6-10BCCBD11-15BACDD16-20ADCDD21-25CCBAD26-30DBCBD

提高题

1.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?

—Idon’tmindwherewego______there’ssun,seaandbeach.（2008全国I卷）

A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat

2.-----Doyouhaveaminute?

I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.

-----Ok,______youmakeitshort.（2008安徽卷）

A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime

3.Allthen