新编英语教程 3 Unit 5The Light at the End of the Chunnel.docx
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新编英语教程 3 Unit 5The Light at the End of the Chunnel.docx
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新编英语教程3Unit5TheLightattheEndoftheChunnel
Unit5TheLightattheEndoftheChunnel
Teachingobjectives
1.tobefamiliarwithnarrationininformaltone
2.togetagoodunderstandingabouttherelationshipbetweenFranceandtheGreatBritainfromthehistoricalviewpoint
Teachingprocedure
I.Pre-readingquestions:
1.Asfaryouknow,doyouthinktransportationplaysanessentialroleinacountry’sdevelopment?
Howandinwhataspects?
2.WhatisthesignificanceofEnglishChannelTunnel?
3.HowdidtheEnglishandtheFrenchpeoplelookattheChunnel,joyouslyorresentfully?
Whydoyouthinkso?
I.TheEnglishChannel
1.EnglishChannel,narrowsea,westernEurope,separatesFranceandGreatBritain(knowninFrenchasLaManche(“thesleeve”).
2.ItsprincipalislandsaretheIsleofWightandtheChannelIslands.
3.ThechannelisatitsnarrowestbetweenDoverinEnglandandCapeGris-Nez,nearCalais,inFrance,itbeing34kmwide.
II.Backgroundknowledge
1.ThefunctionoftheEnglishChannel
1)asarouteforinvadersofBritainfromthe
Continent:
a.crossedbyJuliusCaesar’slegionin55B.C.
b.Normanforcesin1066
2)Asabarrier:
NapoleonandHitlerthreatenedtocrossit,theyfailed.
3)TheChannelhaschieflyservedasaphysicalbarriertotheinvasionofBritain.
2.Thelong-lastingAnglo-Frenchconflict
1)In1066,William,DukeofNormandy,France,conqueredEnglandandbecameKingWilliamIofEngland.
2)In1154KingHenryIIrecoveredtheEnglishthrone.FranceassistedScotland,overwhichtheEnglishkingsattemptedtodominate.Thesesourcesoffrictionledtofightingbetweenthe2countriesfrom1294-1337.
3)In1337,EdwardIIIofEnglandtookthetitleofKingofFrance.thisstepbegantheHundredYears’Warwhichcontinuedonandoffuntil1453.
4)DuringKingHenryVIII’sreign(1509-1547),EnglandagaininvadedFranceandexpandeditsholdingsaroundCalais.
5)From1689to1815therewasaseriesofconflictsbetweenBritainandFrancefordominationoftheNorthAmericancontinent.ItlasteduntilthefinaldefeatofNapoleonatWaterlooin1815.
3.TheChannelTunnelProject
1)1802fromaFrenchengineer,theBritishgovernmentheldoffforsecurityreasons.
2)Early1880s,diggingbegan,theprojectwascancelledagainforthesamereason.
3)1950s,themissileagemadethedefenseconsiderationobsolete.In1964,the2governmentsagreedtoproceedwitharailtunnel.
4)In1975,theBritishgovernmentcancelledtheprojectbecauseoftheconstantlyrisingcosts.
5)In1987,theconstructionbeganagain.
4.ChannelTunnelDrill
Animmenseroad-headermachinedrillsoutclayduringtheconstructionoftheChannelTunnel.ThetunnelrunsbeneaththeEnglishChannelandbecameoperationalinMay1994.Completedatacostof$15billion,itenablespassengerandfreighttrainstotravelfromParis,France,toLondon,England,inabout3hours.
5.NormandyCliffs
ThewhitecliffsofAval,intheNormandyregionofnorthernFrance,riseabovetheEnglishChannel.
6.ChannelTunnelInauguration
FrenchPresidentFrançoisMitterandandQueenElizabethIIofBritaininauguratedtheChannelTunnelin1994.Therailwaytunnel,alsoknownastheChunnel,connectsFolkestone,England,withCalais,France.
7.IceAges
PeriodsinEarth’shistorywhenseaiceorglaciershavecoveredasignificantportionoftheplanet’ssurfaceandsignificantcoolingoftheatmospherehasoccurred.Earthhasexistedforabout4.5billionyears.Duringthattimeithasexperiencedseveraliceages,eachlastingtensofmillionsofyears.Thetotaloftheseepisodesmayaccountforasmuchas15to20percentoftheplanet’shistory.Theicycoverhasrangedfromabout10percenttoabout30percentoftheentiresurfaceoftheplanet.
Themostrecenticeage,thePleistoceneEpoch,lastedfromabout1.6millionyearsto10,000yearsbeforepresent.Duringthattimeatleast20glaciations,orperiodswhentheicecoverincreased,occurred.Eachoftheseperiodswasfollowedbyaninterglaciation,oraperiodwhentheicecovershrank.
III.Mainidea
ThetextisafeaturereportwhichintroducesoneofthemostimportantinfrastructureconstructionprojectsinModernEurope——theEnglishChannelTunnel.Itconsistsoftwoparts.First,itbeginswithanobjectivepresentationofboththeBritishandFrenchlocalresidents’negativeopinionsontheChunnel,whichresultfromtheirmutualfeelingofdislike.Inspiteofthis,theconstructionbeganandtheprojectprovestobeofgreatsignificance.Thesecondpartisthewriter’spersonalexperienceatthebreakthroughceremony.Althoughthedifferenceofnationalcharacteristicsstillexists,theconnectionoftwocountriesandthehugoftheconstructionworkersfromtwonationsareincrediblytoughing.WorriesaboutandanticipationofthefutureoftheChunnelonthepartoftheEurotunnelisdisclosedattheend.
IV.wordsandexpression
▪Para.1
▪Whatdidtheauthortalkaboutinthisparagraph?
▪Hestatedthetopicofthereportdirectly:
theEnglishChannelTunnel.
▪1.compoundadjectives
▪1)thesoon-to-be-openedEnglishChannelTunnel(L1-2)means“thatistobeopenedsoon”
▪e.g.aneasy-to-performtrick
▪adifficult-to-usecamera
▪thesoon-to-be-completedMetro
▪2)Gull-wingmeans“likethewingsofthegull”.
▪e.g.ababy-foodstore
▪amountain-tophut
▪city-reconstructiondiscussions
▪3)Cross-Channel-linkmeans“buildingalinkthatcrossestheChannel”.
▪e.g.akeep-fit-classschedule
▪across-border-raidthreat
▪4)31-mile-long
▪e.g.aten-year-oldboy
▪athree-inch-thickbook
▪a3-hour-longjourney
▪2.(L2)Forthefirsttimesincethelasticeage,EnglandwasabouttobelinkedtoFrance.
▪1)aniceage冰川期
▪2)thisisanexaggeration,whichmeans“forthefirsttimesincetheworldbegantoexist”.
Para2-5
▪Question:
▪WhatdidanEnglishcouplesayabouttheFrenchpeople,andwhatdidaFrenchmansayabouttheEnglishpeople?
Whydoyouthinktheyshowedamutualfeelingofdislike?
▪AnEnglishretiredcivilservantsaidthathe’dratherhaveEnglandbecomethe51ststateofU.S.AthanhavehiscountrylinkedtoFrance.HeaddedthattheFrenchdidn’tcareforanybody.HiswifesaidtheFrancewasanawfulplaceandthattheFrenchpeopledrankwineallthetime.ShedislikedFrenchfoodandpreferredtohaveEnglishsaucewithherfood.Inthemeantime,aFrenchfarmercomplainedaboutEnglishketchupandabouttheirnothavinganygoodwine.TheBritishandtheFrenchpeopledislikedeachotherbecausetherehadbeenlongyearsofconflictbetweenthetwocountries.
▪WhatdidEnglishandFrenchlocalresidentsthinkabouttheChannelbeforeitwasconstructed?
Whydidtheyhavesuchfeelings?
▪Theydidn’tlikeeachotheranddidn’twanttolinkedwitheachotherbytheChannel.(thelong-lastingAnglo-Frenchconflict*)
Para2-6
▪Languagepoints:
▪1.(L4)I’dratherEnglandbecomethe51ststate….
▪e.g.I’dratheryoustayedwithusovertheweekend.
▪He’dratherJohnhadn’tcalledonhim.
“我宁愿你独立工作,从失败中寻找新的方法,也不要你墨守成规,毫无建树,”导师对他说。
Iwouldratheryouworkonyourowntofindanewsolutionfromyourfailuresthanfollowtheconventionwithoutanynewdiscovery,”thesupervisorsaidtohim.
我们宁为玉碎,也不为瓦全。
Wewouldratherdiethanliveindisgrace.
▪2.(L5)…saidaretiredcivilservant公务员
▪3.(L6)…hispaleblueeyesfilledwithforeboding.
absoluteconstruction:
独立主格结构是一个独立主格的名词或代词(作为逻辑主格),加上一个分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语。
其作用相当于状语,多用来表示行为、方式或伴随的情况,有时也用来表示时间和条件。
这种结构多用在书面语中。
一、几种常见的独立主格结构形式
1.名词(或代词)+现在分词(或过去分词)。
如:
1)Themoonappearing,theydecidedtogoonwiththeirjourney.
2)Good-byesaid,hewenthome.
2.名词(或代词)+形容词。
如:
3)Theweather(being)hot,weallwentswimming.
3.名词(或代词)+不定式。
如:
4)Someofthemoneytobepaidbythethief,thepolicewent.
4.名词(或代词)+介词短语。
如:
5)Heclimbedin,swordinhand.
5.名词(或代词)+副词。
如:
6)Themeeting(being)over,welefttheroom.
独立主格结构的模式是:
主格名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
(作逻辑主语)(作逻辑谓语)
1.Alloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.
2.Thequestionsettled,wewenthome.
3.Theriverhavingriseninthenight,thecrossingwasimpossible.
主格名词/代词+分词(过去分词/现在分词)
主格名词/代词+形容词
1.Hismotherbeingill,hehadtostayhometolookafterher.
2.Otherthingsbeingequal,Iwouldbuytheblackdress.
主格名词/代词+副词
Themeetingbeingover,ourheadmastersoonleftthemeeting-room.
Wetocareforthechildren,youareabletobecarefreeawayfromhome.
主格名词/代词+不定式
主格名词/代词+介词短语
OurEnglishteachercameintotheclassroom,papersinhand.
with复合结构与独立主格结构
它们都可以在句中作原因状语,伴随状况状语,条件状语,时间状语或结果状语用,一般也可以相互转换.虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同,但其结构形式和名称却不相同.
with复合结构的模式是:
with+名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
独立主格结构的模式是:
主格名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
一,作时间状语
1,Withwintercomingon,thetreesturnyellowandsomebirdsflysouth.
=Wintercomingon,thetreesturnyellowandsomebirdsflysouth.
二,作原因状语
1,Withtheweatherterriblycold,weenteredtheroomtowarmourselves.
=Theweatherterriblycold,weenteredtheroomtowarmourselves.
2,Withthekeyhavingbeenlost,shecouldnotentertheroom.
=Thekeyhavingbeenlost,shecouldnotentertheroom.
三,作条件状语
1,Withtimepermitting,we'llvisittheSummerPalace.
=Timepermitting,we'llvisittheSummerPalace.
2,Withthecargoingwrong,we'llhavetostop
atthefootofthemountain.
=Thecargoingwrong,we'llhavetostopatthefootofthemountain.
四,作伴随状语
1,Themotherwascleaningthehousewithherbabyplayingonthebed.
=Themotherwascleaningthehouse,herbabyplayingonthebed.
2,LastnightIfollowedhim,withaswordinmyhand.
=LastnightIfollowedhim,swordinhand.
无论with复合结构还是独立主格结构,都不可有动词的谓语形式充当其中的逻辑谓语.如下例中的was就必须去掉:
Hesatatthedesk
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