湖北省武汉市华中师大一附中学年高二上学期期末英语试题.docx

湖北省武汉市华中师大一附中学年高二上学期期末英语试题.docx

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湖北省武汉市华中师大一附中学年高二上学期期末英语试题

湖北省武汉市华中师大一附中2020-2021学年高二上学期期末英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

LondonhasjustsignedtobethefirstNationalParkCity.SadiqKhan,mayorofLondon,alongwithseveralorganizationsandindividuals,signedtheLondonNationalParkCityCharter（宪章）onMonday.

Londonisalreadyextremelypark-like.Withalargenumberofurbanparksandwaterwaysand8.4milliontrees,ithasalowerurbandensity（密度）thanmanyothermajorcities.Itisalsohometo15,000species.

Thecharteraimstoimprovethelivesandwell-beingofpeopleandwildlifebyimprovingthenaturalenvironmentofthecity.Inpracticalterms,thatmeanstryingtoreachthegoalofturning50%ofthecityintogreenspaceby2050.Thatcanbeachievedbyaskingresidentstochangeemptylotsandyardsintogardens,plantingmoretreesthroughoutthecityandevencuttingholesingardenfences.Addinggreenroofstoexistingbuildingsisalsopartoftheplan,

Onewaytohelpachieveitsgoalispairingdevelopmentwithconservation.Londonisexpectedtoaddsome2millionnewresidentstoitscurrentpopulationby2040,meaningitneedsthousandsandthousandsofnewhomes.Homedeveloperscanplayarolebysurroundingnewhomeswithparksornaturereserves.

"Inspiredbytheaimsandvaluesoftheworld’snationalparks,theLondonNationalParkCityisfundamentallyaboutmakinglifebetterinthecapitalthroughbothsmalleverydaythingsandlong-termstrategicthinking."saysDanielRaven-Ellison,founderoftheconcept.

"It'saboutliftingourambitions;goingfurthertomakethecitygreener,healthierandwilder;improvingourmentalhealth,cleaningourair;makingthecityricherinwildlife:

freeingchildrentoplayandmeetfriendsoutdoorsagain;solvingtheclimatecrisisandbringmorejoytothecity."Headded.

TimothyBeatley,anurbanplanner,sayscountlesscitieshavealreadywokenuptotheideathatgreeningandimprovingnaturalconnectionsmakeurbanlifemuchbetter."Thebasicideaisthatnatureincitiesisnotoptionalbutabsolutelyessentialtoahappy,healthyandmeaningfullife."Hesays.

1．Whatarementionedinparagraphs3and4aboutthegreenmove?

A．Theconflictscausedbythecharter.

B．Differentvoicesaboutthemove.

C．Specificwaystoexpandgreenspace.

D．Challengesthemovewillruninto.

2．Thefounderandtheplannermentionedbothholda（an）___________attitudetothecharter.

A．skepticalB．critical

C．reservedD．favorable

3．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A．AgreenandmeaningfullifeinLondon

B．Londontobe"NationalParkCity"

C．ReasonsformoregreenspaceinLondon

D．GreenwaystomakeLondonpark-like

Workingoutcanhelpteenagersboosttheirgrades,anewstudysuggests.Adolescentswhoroutinelyengagedinmoderatetovigorous（剧烈的）exerciseshowedlong-termimprovementsintheiracademicperformance,theBritishJournalofSportsMedicinestudyreported.

“Ourstudysuggeststhattheeffectofphysicalactivitymaybequitelarge,”JohnReilly,aprofessorattheUniversityofStrathclydesaid.Theresearcherslookedatasampleofabout5000childrenwhowereinvolvedinalong-termstudythattrackschildrenbornintheUKbetween1991and1992.Whenchildrenreached11yearsold,theirdailyphysicalactivitylevelsweremeasuredusinganaccelerometer（加速器）forthreetosevendays.Thedevice,similartoapedometer（计步器）trackingthenumberofstepstaken,recordedtheaveragetimechildrenexercised,whichwas29minutesadayforboysand18forgirls.

“Theactuallevelsofdailyphysicalactivityatage11werequitelow,”Mr.Reillynoted.Thechildrenhadtheiracademicperformancetestedatages11and13withcompulsorynationaltestsforstudents,andalsoat15or16withtheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation（GCSE）exam.Thetestsassessedthechildren’sabilitiesinEnglish,mathandsciencesubjects.Theresultsshowedthatthemorechildrenparticipatedinmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity,thehighertheirtestscoreswereatage11inallthreesubjects.Forgirls,sciencescoresweremoststronglylinkedtoexercise.

Whenchildrenweretestedagainatage13,theiracademicscoreswerestilllinkedtohowmuchtheyhadexercisedwhentheywere11yearsold.BythetimetheyoungsterstooktheGCSEexam,each17-minute-per‑dayincreaseinphysicalactivityfortheboyswaslinkedtoanimprovementintheirscores.Everyadditional12-minuteincreaseadayinexerciseforthegirlswasalsolinkedtoanincreasedscore,especiallyinthesciencecategory.

Theresearchershavecalledformorestudiestolookatthepossibleacademicbenefitsthatcouldbederivedifstudentsexercisedtherecommended60minutesormoreaday.

4．What’sthestudyabout?

A．Theinfluenceofexerciseonstudents’scores.

B．Thesecretsofstudents’rankinghighinclass.

C．Thecausesofstudents’participatinginsports.

D．Thewaysofimprovingstudents’physicalconditions.

5．Whatisthefunctionofthedeviceusedinthestudy?

A．Torecordhowlongstudentsexercise.

B．Torecordthewalkingspeedofstudents.

C．Torecordhowmanystepsstudentswalk.

D．Torecordthenumberofcaloriesstudentsconsume.

6．Whatdothestudy’sresultsshow?

A．Studentsatage11domoreexercisethanatotherages.

B．Boysatage13getmorebenefitsbydoingmoreexercise.

C．Girls’sciencescoresaremorecloselyrelatedtoexercise.

D．Moreandmorestudentsdoexercisetoimprovetheirscores.

7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“derived”probablymeaninthelastparagraph?

A．adopted.B．acquired.

C．concluded.D．displayed.

“Twocenturiesago,LewisandClarkleftSt.LouistoexplorethenewlandsacquiredintheLouisianaPurchase,”GeorgeW.Bushsaid,announcinghisdesireforaprogramtosendmenandwomentoMars.Theymadethatjourneyinthespiritofdiscovery.Americahasventuredforthintospaceforthesamereasons.”

YettherearevitaldifferencesbetweenLewisandClark’sexpeditionandaMarsmission.First,theywereheadedtoaplacewherehundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerealreadyliving.Second,theywerecertaintodiscoverplacesandthingsofimmediatevaluetothenewnation.Third,theirventurecostnexttonothingbytoday’sstandards.AMarsmissionmaybethesinglemostexpensivenon-wartimeundertakinginU.S.history.

AppealingasthethoughtoftraveltoMarsis,itdoesnotmeanthejourneymakessense,evenconsideringthehumancallingtoexplore.AndMarsasadestinationforpeoplemakesabsolutelynosensewithcurrenttechnology.

PresentsystemsforgettingfromEarth’ssurfacetolow-Earthorbitaresofantasticallyexpensivethatmerelylaunchingthe1,000tonsorsoofspacecraftandequipmentaMarsmissionwouldrequirecouldbeaccomplishedonlybycuttinghealth-carebenefits,educationspending,orotherimportantprograms—orbyraisingtaxes.Absentsomeremarkablediscovery,astronauts,geologists,andbiologistsonceonMarscoulddolittlemorethananalyzerocksandfeelawestruck（敬畏的）staringintotheskyofanotherworld.Yetrockscanbeanalyzedbyautomatedprobeswithoutrisktohumanlife,andatatinyfractionofthecostofsendingpeople.

ItisinterestingtonotethatwhenPresidentBushunveiledhisproposal,helistedtheserecentmajorachievementsofspaceexplorationpicturesofevidenceofwateronMars,discoveryofmorethan100planetsoutsideoursolarsystem,andstudyofthesoilofMars.Alltheseaccomplishmentscamefromautomatedprobesorautomatedspacetelescopes.Bush’sproposal,whichcallsforreprogrammingsomeofNASA’spresentbudgetintotheMarseffort,mightactuallyleadtoareductioninsuchunmannedscience—theoneaspectofspaceexplorationthat’sworkingreallywell.

RatherthanspendhundredsofbillionsofdollarstohurltonstowardMarsusingcurrenttechnology,whynottakeadecadeortwoorhowevermuchtimeisrequiredresearchingnewlaunchsystemsandadvancedpropulsion（推进力）?

lfnewlaunchsystemscouldputweightintoorbitaffordably,andadvancedpropulsioncouldspeedupthatlong,slowtransittoMars,thedreamofsteppingontotheredplanetmightbecomereality.Marswillstillbetherewhenthetechnologyisready.

8．WhatdoLewisandClark’sexpeditionandaMarsmissionhaveincommon?

A．Instantvalue.

B．Humaninhabitance.

C．Venturecost.

D．Exploringspirit.

9．Bush’sproposalischallengedforthefollowingreasonsexceptthat.

A．itsexpenditureistoohugeforthegovernmenttoafford.

B．Americanpeople’swell-beingwillsufferalotifitisimplemented

C．greatachievementshavealreadybeenmadeinMarsexplorationinAmerica

D．unmannedMarsexplorationsoundsmorepracticalandeconomicalforthemoment

10．Whichcannotbeconcludedfromthepassage?

A．GoingtoMarsusingcurrenttechnologyisquiteunrealistic.

B．AMarsmissionwillinturnpromotethedevelopmentofunmannedprogram.

C．Bush’sproposalisbasedonthreerecentgreatachievementsofspaceexploration

D．Theachievementsinspaceexplorationshowhowwellunmannedsciencehasdeveloped.

11．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Riskyasitis,aMarsmissionhelpstoretainAmericaspositionasatechnologicalleader.

B．AMarsmissionissocostlythatitmayleadtoaneconomicdisasterinAmerica.

C．SomedaypeoplemaygotoMarsbutnotuntilitmakestechnologicalsense.

D．AMarsmissionisunnecessarysincethescientistsoncetherewon’tmakegreatdiscoveries.

二、七选五

Haveyoueverwonderedwhysuccessfulpeoplearesosuccessful?

Habitsplayanessentialroleinshapingourlives.Weallknowthatbadhabitscanbeharmfultoyourmentalandphysicalwell-being.12．Goodhabits,ontheotherhand,canhelpyouriseaboveothersandbeatyourbest.So,