4合1必刷14原卷版高一英语主题语境+策略运用+素养提升4合1必刷题.docx
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4合1必刷14原卷版高一英语主题语境+策略运用+素养提升4合1必刷题.docx
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4合1必刷14原卷版高一英语主题语境+策略运用+素养提升4合1必刷题
高一英语主题语境+策略运用+素养提升4合1必刷题14
主题语境:
个人感情策略学习:
七选五解答策略之解释、对比、因果、与并列关系
【策略学习】
解释、对比、因果、与并列关系
文章由段落组成,围绕中心话题展开。
各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系,有总分、解释、例证、并列、递进、转折、对比、因果等关系。
七选五解题攻略之一就是要理清这些关系,并据此选出正确答案。
▲解释关系
从逻辑意义上来看,句子与句子之间常常是解释关系,往往作者提出观点,紧接着对这个观点进行解释说明。
因此,把握文章结构,理清作者所表达的观点至关重要。
【典例】 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ片段)
__39__Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.
A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.
B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.
C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.
【分析】 此处缺少一个主题句。
空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。
所选答案应是对后面内容的总述。
故选B。
▲对比关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的对比比较,则空格处很有可能表示对比关系。
表示对比关系的标志词有:
while,ifnot,some...others等。
【典例】 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ片段)
Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou’vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.__20__Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.
E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.
F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.
G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.
【分析】 考查前后句的连贯。
本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。
本空后的“Ifnot”说明前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持,因此选E。
▲因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词有:
so,therefore,thus,consequently(结果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ片段)
Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact.mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.__18__
A.Dotheopposite.
B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.
C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.
【分析】 根据上文中的“So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.”可知,当你犯错时不要停止演讲,除非是非常严重的错误。
据此可以推知,空处承接上文,说明犯小错误无需道歉,故C项正确。
▲并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词有:
similarly,and,first(ly),second(ly),first,then/next,finally/last,tobeginwith,foronething,foranotherthing等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ片段)
Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.__19__Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.
B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.
C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.
D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.
【分析】 根据上文中的“Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.”可知,你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。
据此可知,空处与此对应,说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家,故选B项。
【素养提升】
一、阅读选择
1
Didyourmothereversayyou'llfeelbetterafteragoodcry?
ItturnsoutMomisrightasusual—cryingreallyishealthy.What'smore,lettingyourselffeelblueandacceptingthosefeelingswillhelpyoufeelbetterinthelongrun,accordingtoanewresearch.
Inthreeseparatestudiesbothonlineandinalab,researchersatUCBerkeleyevaluatedtheresponsesfrom1,300adultsregardingtheirpsychological(心理的)healthandemotionalwell-being(幸福感).Inonestudy,1,000participantsfilledoutasurveyevaluatinghowtheyfeltaboutthestatement,“ItellmyselfIshouldn'tbefeelingthewaythatI'mfeeling”.Thosewhoagreedwiththestatementscoredlowerontestsofwell-being.Inotherwords,lettingyourselffeelbadisbetterforyourmindandmoodthantryingtocontrolnegativethoughts.
“Wefoundthatpeoplewhohabituallyaccepttheirnegativeemotionsexperiencefewernegativeemotions,whichaddstobetterpsychologicalhealth,”saidstudyseniorauthorIrisMauss,PhD,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatUCBerkeleyinanarticleontheuniversity'swebsite.
InasocietywheretheimportancetobehappyisemphasizeddailyonFacebook,Instagramandothersocialmediaplatforms,lettingyourselfbedowninthedumpscanbetough.Justrememberthattruehappinessisn'talwayswhatpeoplesayitis.
“Itturnsoutthathowweapproachourownnegativeemotionalreactionsisreallyimportantforourwell-being,”saidstudyleadauthorBrettFord,PhD,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofToronto.“Peoplewhoaccepttheseemotionswithoutjudgingortryingtochangethemareabletodealwiththeirstressmoresuccessfully.”
Sonexttimesomeonetellsyouto“turnthatfrownupsidedown”,ignorethem.EmbraceyourinnerEeyoreforawhile.
1.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutoneofthestudies?
A.Theygavetheparticipantsdifferenttests.
B.Theycomparedtheirownthoughtswithothers.
C.Theystudiedtheparticipants'everydayexperiences.
D.Theycomparedtheparticipants'thoughtsandtheirfeelings.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"bedowninthedumps"inParagraph4mean?
A.Belonely.B.Bedepressed.
C.Bepositive.D.Becomfortable.
3.WhatdidBrettFordtrytoshowinParagraph5?
A.Itisbetterforpeopletoacceptnegativeemotions.
B.Weshouldnevertrytochangeothers'thoughts.
C.Peoplewhoacceptthemselvesarehappier.
D.Positivepeopletendtobelessstressed.
4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Turnyourfrownupsidedown.
B.Listentoyourmomtofeelbetter
C.Stopfeelingbadaboutfeelingbad.
D.Stopfeelingthewaythatyou'refeeling.
2
Whenweseecutebabies,oradorablebabyanimals,manyofusfeelastrongurgetosqueezeorpinchthemorevenbitethem.Scientistscallthisstrangeresponse“cuteaggression”.
Stavropoulos’steamgathered54peopletolookat32picturesoffoursets.Onesetcontainedphotosofcutebabyanimals.Anothersetcontainedpicturesofless-cute,fullygrownanimals.Theothertwosetswerephotosofhumanbabieswhichweredigitallyedited.Onesetwaschangedtoemphasizefeatureswefindcute,suchasbigeyesandfullcheeks.Theotherwaseditedtoreducethosefeatures.
Thescientistsfoundthattheparticipantshadmuchmorefeelingsofcuteaggressiontowardsimagesofbabyanimalsthanthoseofadultanimals.Surprisingly,thisdifferencewasnotseenfromthetwosetsofhumanbabypicturesincomparison.
Toassesscuteaggression,theparticipantswereaskedquestionsaboutthedegreeofwantingtoaggressthesubjectsofthephotos,andofwantingtocareforthem.Scientistssuspecttheserosponsesareassociatedwithnotonlythebrain’semotionalsystems,butalsoitsrewardsystems,whichadjustmotivation,pleasureandfeelingsof“wanting”.
Cuteaggressionmaygivehumansthehighlyadaptiveabilitytocontrolemotionalresponse.Tolimitthemotivationofpositivefeelings,thebraingivescommandsoftheaggression.Inotherwords,thebrainthrowsinabitofaggressiontokeepthegoodfeelingsfrombecominguncontrolled.“Ifyoufindyourselffascinatedbyhowcuteababyis,-somuchsothatyousimplycan’tcontrolit-thatbabyisgoingtostarve.”Itstopsusfrominvestingtoomuchenergyintocutethings.So,thereisnoneedtofeelbadforthedesiretopinchthematthesightofcutebabies.It’snotbecausewe’remeanpeople.The“unfriendly”movementofourfingersisjustourbrain’swayofmakingsurenothinggetstoocutetohandle.
5.WhatwasfoundinStavropoulos’sexperiment?
A.Human’sbrainhastwosystems.
B.Cuteaggressionexistsineveryhumanbeing.
C.Cuteaggressionvariestowardsdifferentsubjects.
D.Humansliketoaggressanimalsratherthancareforthem.
6.HowdoesStavropoulosfindcuteaggression?
A.Itisanormalresponseinthebrain.B.Itisstillamystery.
C.Itdoesharmtotheanimals.D.Itmakeshumansbecomemean.
7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscuteaggression?
A.DoubtfulB.SupportiveC.DisapprovingD.Unclear
3
DearMummy,
ThislasttriptoIndiawithyouhasbroughthometomeafewhardfacts—factsthatIwantedtoavoidseeingforsometime.Asyouwellknow,youandIhavehadafewargumentsandseveraldaysoftensionduringthetrip.ImustadmitsometimesIreallydonotknowhowtocommunicatetoyouwhatIreallyfeel.Wordsseemtofailonbothsides.That’swhyIamwritingthisletter.Perhapsitwillbeabiteasier.___①___
AsIapproachmyseventeenthyear,IsuddenlyaskmyselfwhereIbelong.Iknowthisistheusualteenageidentitycrisis.YoucametothiscountrywhenyouwereslightlyolderthanIamandmarriedmyfather.YouadmiredtheAmericanlifestyleandtriedtobeanAmericanasmuchasyoucould.Iamthedaughterofyou,amotherwhoisIndian,andafatherwhoisAmerican.Ofcourse,IamAmerican.ExceptforafewtripstoIndiaIhavelittletodowithIndiaoutwardly.ButIfeelhowmuchyouwouldlikemetobecomeIndiansometimes.Icannotexplainitwithexamples.ButIfeelitinmybones.TheIndiathatyouneverquiteshakeoffcomesbacktoyounowandyouwanttoseeyourdaughterliveit,atleastpartly.___②___Yes,Mummy,IknowIamwrappedupinmanysuperficialthings,thingsmyfriendsindulgeinandIcanunderstandyourneedtoprotectme.ButIampartofthemandinorderformetobeacceptedbymyfriends,sometimesIneedtodothingswhichdonotalwayspleasemeeither.IneedtheirapprovalandIwanttobelikethemsometimes.ButyourgoodintentionstoteachmethosegoodIndianthingsthencomeintodisagreement.AlthoughIdislikethesuperficialityofmyfriends,Icannotmovebacktoyourculturejustbecauseitisbetterforyouormoreancientordeep.___③___
Mydearestmother,Icannotbeprotectedbyyou.ForgivemeifIremindyouofsomethingyourelatedtomemanytimes.Youcouldnotbeprotectedbymygrandparents(yourparents)whenyoudecidedtoembracethisculturealongwithmyfather.④Norcanyouprotectmedespitethefactthatwearenotseparatedbyphysicaldistance.PerhapsweareseparatedbysomethingelseandIsuspectthatisIndia.
Ihaveneverwrittenaletterliket
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