Antarctic 南极洲.ppt
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Antarctic 南极洲.ppt
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Antarctica南极洲,基础英语4,Unit8:
TextA,CoastaltypesaroundAntarctica(Drewry,1983)TypeFrequency:
Iceshelf(floatingicefront)44%Icewalls(restingonground)38%Icestream/outletglacier(icefrontoricewall)13%Rock5%Total:
100%,BeforeReading_1.1,Warm-upQuestions,DetailedReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,AsatellitecompositeimageofAntarctica,BeforeReading_1.2,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,1.DoyouknowwhereAntarcticais?
2.Doyouwanttovisititifyouhadthechance?
Whyorwhynot?
3.Whenyouseethetitleofthetext,whatdoyouanticipate?
BeforeReading_2_1.1,BackgroundInformation,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,AboutAntarctica,BeforeReading_2_1.2,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Antarcticaisearthssouthernmostcontinent,overlyingtheSouthPole.Itissituatedinthesouthernhemisphere,almostentirelysouthoftheAntarcticCircle,andissurroundedbytheSouthernOcean.ItisthefifthlargestcontinentinareaafterAsia,Africa,NorthAmerica,andSouthAmerica.Some98%ofAntarcticaiscoveredbyice,whichaveragesatleast1.6kilometres(1.0mi)inthickness.Onaverage,Antarcticaisthecoldest,driestandwindiestcontinent,andhasthehighestaverageelevationofallthecontinents.,BeforeReading_2_1.3,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Abouttheauthor,DonaldGordonPayne(bornonJanuary3,1924inLondon)isanEnglishauthor.Hismostfamousbook,publishedunderthepseudonymJamesVanceMarshall,isprobablyWalkabout(1964),firstpublishedasTheChildrenandlatermadeintoamoviestarringJennyAgutter.,BeforeReading_2_1.4,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,PaynehasalsousedIanCameronandDonaldGordonaspseudonyms.HispublicationsincludeTheMidnightSea(1958),TheWindatMorning(1973)andAntarctica:
TheLastContinent(1974),White-Out(1999),andRidersoftheStorm(2002).,HelivesinSurrey,England,andhasfoursonsandonedaughter.,BeforeReading_3_1,ExtendedReading,Listentothefollowinginformationforabetterunderstandingofthetext.Whilelistening,pleasefillintheblankswiththeinformationyouhear.,Directions:
DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,ClimateofAntarcticaAntarcticaisthecoldestplaceon.Atthe3-kilometer(2mi)-highVostokStationinAntarctica,scientistsrecordedtheworldslowesttemperature:
C(129F).Forcomparison,thisis11degreescolderthansublimating.Antarcticaisafrozendesertwithlittle;theSouthPoleitselfreceiveslessthan10centimeters(4in)peryear,onaverage.,earth,89,dryice,precipitation,_,_,_,_,BeforeReading_3_2,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Temperaturesreachaofbetween80Cand90C(112Fand130F)intheinteriorinwinterandreachaofbetween5Cand15C(41Fand59F)nearthecoastinsummer.Sunburnisoftenahealthissueasthesnowsurfacereflectsalmostalloftheultravioletlightfallingonit.EasternAntarcticaiscolderthanitswesternbecauseofitshigherelevation.rarelypenetratefarintothecontinent,leavingthecentercoldanddry.Despitethelackofprecipitationoverthecentralportionofthecontinent,therelastsforextendedtimeperiods.Heavysnowfallsarenotuncommononthecoastalofthecontinent,wheresnowfallsofupto1.22meters(48in)in48hourshavebeenrecorded.,minimum,maximum,counterpart,Weather,fronts,ice,portion,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,BeforeReading_4_1,FreeDiscussion,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,CanhumanbeingsfinallyconquerAntarcticaandmakefulluseofitsresources?
GlobeReading_1_1,Skimming,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,1.Trytosummarizethemainideaofthetext.,ThetextmainlydiscusseswhytheAntarctichasnotbeenconqueredbymansofarandhowourrightofholdingitisquestionableeventoday.,GlobeReading_1_2,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Skimming,2.NowwritedowninphrasesasmanyreasonsasyoucanfindfromthetextwhyAntarcticaisuninhabitedandwhyourknowledgeaboutAntarcticaissoslight.,1.greatisolationfromotherland2.notinhabitedbyhumans3.hardlyanyplantoranimallife4.nohumanchildeverbornthere5.verylittlerain6.intensecold7.howlingwind8.themosttempestuousseasaroundit,GlobalReading_2_1,Directions:
Pleasedividethetextinto3parts.Thensummarizethemainideaofeachpart.,PartDivisionoftheText,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Part1(Para.1Para.2),Introduction:
ThewriterpresentsageneralpictureofAntarcticaandposesthequestionwhyourknowledgeaboutitisslight.,Part2(Para.3Para.5),Body:
ThewriterillustratesthereasonwhyAntarcticahasnotbeenconqueredbymansofar,andwhymansknowledgeaboutAntarcticaiscomparativelysmall.,GlobalReading_2_2,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Part3(Para.6),Conclusion:
ThemaindrawbacktotheunveilingofAntarcticawastheSouthernOceanwhichsurroundsit.,TheAntarcticisacontinentliketheArctic.,GlobeReading_3_1.1,FurtherUnderstanding,F,AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregion.TheArcticisanoceancoveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEurope,Asia,andNorthAmerica.AntarcticaisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombined.,(),DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,True(T)orFalse(F),3.TheonlyformsoflifeintheAntarcticaremossesandlichens.,2.ThereasonwhytheAntarcticregioniscolderthantheArcticregionisthattheformerisfartherfromtheequatorthanthelatter.,GlobeReading_3_1.2,FurtherUnderstanding,F,(),Theyarebothparalleltotheequator6633southofitandnorthofitrespectively.Antarcticaiscolderforotherreasons,e.g.thewind.,F,(),DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Therearealsoone-celledcreaturesandwinglessflies.,4.SofarmanhasnotlearntmuchaboutAntarcticaonlybecauseitistoocoldtodoanyresearchthere.,GlobeReading_3_1.3,F,Climateisonlyoneofthereasons.Thereareothers,forinstance,thetempestuousnatureoftheSouthernOceanwhichsurroundsit.(Thiswasespeciallytrueoftheearlystagesofexploration.),(),FurtherUnderstanding,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,5.OnedaypeoplewillsettleintheAntarcticregionastheyhavedoneintheArcticregion.,F,(),Thenaturalconditionsthereareunsuitabletosupportanybutthesimplestlifeforms.,6.ItisunlikelythatanyhumanswilleverlivepermanentlyinAntarctica.7.ThereareasmanysimilaritiesasdifferencesbetweentheArcticandtheAntarctic.,GlobeReading_3_1.4,T,(),F,Therearemoredifferences.,(),FurtherUnderstanding,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,GlobeReading_3_1.5,FurtherUnderstanding,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,9.ThereasonwhytheAntarcticseldomprovideswarmth,rainfallandadegreeofstillnessisthatitisthesouthernmostcontinent.,8.SincetheAntarctichasalltheadverseconditionsextremecold,windandnovegetationitisfutiletosetfootthere.,F,(),Itcanatleastbeexploredandthenaturalresourcescanbeinvestigatedforthebenefitofmankind.,F,(),Thereasonisitsgeographicalfeatures.TheSouthernContinentisadesert,andthecontinentisblanketedwithanicesheetcovering5,500,000squaremiles.,GlobeReading_3_1.6,FurtherUnderstanding,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,10.ItisverywindyinAntarcticabecauseoftheextremecold.,F,(),Itiswindybecausethecontinentaswellastheseasthatsurrounditarecoveredwithice,sothereisnothingtoserveasabarriertoreducethespeedofthewind.Infact,thereverseofthestatementistrue:
humansexperiencecold(partly)becauseofthewind.,Article1_W_distinctive1,distinctive:
adj.clearlymarkingapersonorthingasdifferentfromothers,Youcantellarobinfromasparrowbyitsdistinctiveredbreast.,Beerhasaverydistinctivesmell.,他走路的样子和别人很不相同。
Hehasaverydistinctivewayofwalking.,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Cf.,distinct:
adj.clearlydifferentorseparate,Article1_W_distinctive2,Goldisdistinctfromiron.,Theywantedtoformanewandcompletelydistinctpoliticalparty.,那两种想法完全不同。
Thosetwoideasarequitedistinctfromeachother.,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,adj.clearlyseen,heard,understood,etc.;noticeable,Theinscriptionontherockisnolongerdistinct.,Yourpronunciationshouldbequitedistinct.,Therewasdistinctnoteofannoyanceinherreply.,她的回答明显带有一丝厌烦的口气。
Article1_W_radiate1,radiatev.,Thesunradiateslightsandheat.,Hesimplyradiatesconfidence.,他脸上洋溢着自信的神色。
DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,vt.tosendout(lightorheat)inalldirections,vi.tocomeoutorspreadinalldirectionsfrom,Asystemofroadsradiatesfromthetowncentre.,一组道路从市中心向四面八方伸展出去。
Therewasatendernessthatradiatedfromher.,从她身上人们可以感受到一种温暖。
Article1_W_radiate2,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,VocabularyExtension:
radiationn.theradiatingofheat,light,ect.,Thesunwarmsusbyradiation.,radiatorn.(尤指借蒸汽或热水循环供热的)暖气设置;(冷却汽车发动机的)散热器,radiativeadj.发光的,发热的,辐射的,Article1_W_melt1,melt:
v.to(causeasolidto)becomeliquid使融化;使熔化,太阳使雪融化。
Thesunmeltedthesnow.,DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Leadcanbemeltedeasily.,铅容易熔化。
Article1_W_melt2,Theiceisthawing.,冰在融化。
DetailedReading,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,我们应该先让冷冻食品化冻然后烹煮。
Weshouldleavefrozenfoodtothaw(out)beforecookingit.,ItoftendoesntthawuntilJuneinSiberia.,西伯利亚时常到六月份才解冻。
Cf.,thaw:
tochangefromasolidfrozenstatetobecomeliquid,soft,orbenda
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- Antarctic 南极洲
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