英文版Cultural Differences Between Spring Festival and C全篇汇总.docx
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英文版Cultural Differences Between Spring Festival and C全篇汇总.docx
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英文版CulturalDifferencesBetweenSpringFestivalandC全篇汇总
CulturalDifferencesBetweenSpringFestivalandChristmas
Contents
Abstract:
2
Introduction2
HistoryBackground3
TheSpringFestival4
ChristmasDay5
II.Similarity5
Preparationanddecorationthehomeontheeveofday6
Thewayoftheircelebration6
DLTheDifferences7
3.1.Name7
NewYearphonecallsandprayonChristmasmornings7
Food9
ActivitiesandgamesIO
IV.TheinfiltrationoftraditionalfestivalCulturebetweenChinaandWesterncountries11
Conclusion
13
Abstract:
TherearemanyaspectsofdifferencesanddistinctivefeaturesbetweenChineseand
westerncultures.Traditionalfestivalistheoneofthem.Festivalcultureisveryprofound.Thefestivalcustomsindissimilarcountriesareestablishedbyusage,withtheowndistinctnationalfeaturesandrichpresentationforms.ThispaperprovidesacomparativediscussionofculturalaspectsthroughChineseSpringFestivalandwesternChristmas.ItgivesadetailedcomparisonofthefestivalcustomsIromthepcrspcctivcoforigin,decoration,cclcbration,food,gift,andalsodiscussestheculturaldifferencesexistinChineseandwesternculture,aswellasthekindsofcausesbehindit.
Keywords:
SpringFestival;Christmas;CulturalConnotation;CulturalDifferences
摘要:
屮国和西方PI家的文化存在着各个方面的差异,传统节日文化是其中重要的一项,而屮西节日文化也有着各自不同的特点。
节日文化博大精深,各网的节日风俗是约定俗成的,有着各自鲜明的民族特色和丰富多彩的表现形式。
本文从中西文化比较的角度,分别从名字,节日来源,节曰大餐,庆祝活动等习俗方面对中网的春节与西方的蚤诞节进行了详细的对比研究,较全面的论述了中西文化间存在的文化差异,并分析了存在各种差异的原因。
关键词:
春节;圣诞节;文化内涵;文化差异Introduction
ThedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinesecustomsarebelievedtobeoneofthefundamentalreasonsforerrorsormistakescommittedbyEnglishlearners.Sincecustomandculturecoexistinaninextricablerelationship,custom,asanessentialpartofeulture,isnaturallyembodiedbyitscorrespondingculture.Therefore,acontrastiveanalysisisconductedbetweenEnglishandChineseintheaspectsofreligion,socialvaluesandmodesofthoughttomakeoutthedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinesecustoms.TheanalysisrevealsthatnativeEnglishspeakerstendtothinkanalyticallywhilenativeChineseprefertothinksynthetically.Anditisheldinthisthesisthatthestrikingdifferenceistraceabletothedifferentreligions,socialvaluesandmodesofthoughtbetweenwesternerandChinese.
Fromthebeginningoftheearth,weknowthatanyplaceswherepeopleliveallhavetheirowncustomsandlifestyle.
Festivalisdefinedasaspecialoccasiononwhichpeoplemaygivethanksforaharvest,commemorateanhonoredpersonorevent,payrespecttodeceased,orcelebrateaculture.Festival,asaculturalphenomenon,comesfromthecourseofhumandevelopmentand
historicalevolution.Thisuniqueculturalphenomenonembodieshumancognitionandattentiontothenaturalenvironmentsandperipheralsurroundings.Asweknow,adiversemultitudeoffestivalsareenjoyedthroughouttheworld.Althoughthedifferentregions,nations,religionsandculturesbringaboutmultifariousfestivals,andthemeansofcelebrationvaryfromoneplacetoanother,mostofpeoplebearcommonfeelingsforthefestivals,whicharcprayingforhappinessandhealth,fulfillingthegoodwill,andshowingtheloveoflife.Thefestivalcelebrationalsoexpressespeople’sreminiscentmoodfortraditionsandconveytheiraspirationtopursuethedreams.
Festivalisconsideredas“acarrierofculture,,,oranembodimentofthepatternsofbehaviorandthinkingthatpeoplelearn,createandshare.Throughthisuniqueandspecificphenomenon,itismoreconvenientanddircctfortheresearchertoprobeintothedeeperlayerofhumanculturc.Moreover,thefestivalprovidesusashortcuttoexplorethedivergenceandsimilarityoftwocultures.Asweknow,itisimpossibleforustomakeresearchonallaspectsoffestivalcustomssincecultureitselfisaverycomplicatedphenomenon.Thus,Ijustchoosesomerepresentativeandwell-knownfestivals---SpringFestival&ChristmasDaytomakeabriefcomparison.
InthedevelopmentprocessofthehistorybetweenChinaandthewesterncountryformthedistinctivetraditionalcultures.ThecultureofthefestivalhasbecomeanessentialpartofChineseandwesterncountriesandreflectthenation’sculturalorigins.TherearemanysimilaritiesbetweenSpringFestivalandChristmasDay.Botharepreparedbeforehandtocrcatcajoyousatmosphere;bothofferafamilyreunionwithasquarefeast:
andsatisfythechildrenwithnewclothes,lovelypresentsanddeliciousfood.ComparedChinesecultureandcustomwithWestern,youcanfindmanydifferences.Thesedifferencescanhelpustoknowthecultureandcustomofwesterncountriesbetteranditismeaningfulforustoimproveourowncultureconstruction.
HistoryBackground
AccordingtotheoriginofChineseandWesternfestivalsandholidaycustoms,wecanseethatthereisacleardiffcrcnccbetweenEasternandWesterncultures.
MajortraditionalfestivalseasonscomcwithastrongagriculturalcolorinChina,whileinWestern,theoriginofallfestivalswithstrongreligious.
Andweknoweverynationhasitsownfolkfestivals.Thosefestivalsgivepeopleachancetobeawayfromtheirregularworkandeverydayworriestoenjoythemandtodevelopkindshipandfriendship.TheSpringFestivalisthechicfholidayinChinawhile
Christmasisthemostimportantredletterdayinthewesternworld.
Bylearningtheoriginandtheformationoffestivals,ascountrieshavedifferentnationalconditions,itsoriginandformationoftraditionalfestivals,therearesignificantdifferences.
SpringFestival
TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalfortheChinesepeople.Technically,SpringFestivalbeginsonthelastdayofthelunaryearandendsonthefirstdayoftheNewYear;however,severaltraditionsprcccdcandfollowthesedaysand,thus,theSpringFestivalfestivitiescommonlystartoneithertheeighthdaywhensacrificesarcofferedintheremembranceofthelastlunarmonthorthe23rddaydayoftheKitchenGodofthelastlunarmonthtothe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonthinthelunarNewYear.ThroughouttheSpringFestivalseveralceremoniesareobservedincludingtheexchangeofNewYeargifts,NewYear’sgreeting,eatingdumplingsonthe5thdayofthefirstlunarmonth,andtheLanternFestival.TheLanternFestival,infact,signifiestheendofSpringFestivalandfamiliescelebratebyeatingriceglueballcalledYuanxiaoinChinatogether,andwalkouttobeholdthefestivelanternsandguesstheanswerstotheriddleswrittenuponthem.
SpringFestivalisthebeginningoflunaryear;itistheancienttraditionalfestivalinChina.The"year"isnotonthe29thorthe30thinthetwelfthlunarmonth,butintheEighthdayofthetwelfthlunarmonthinancient,laternameduLaban,theIabaRicePorridgeFestivalistheendoftheyear.Tothe“minguo”period,switchtotheGregoriancalendar,onlythenlunaryeariscalled"SpringFestival",astheSpringFestivalisgenerallyinthe"BeginningofSpring"beforeandafter.
SpringFestivalisChina'sbiggestandmostcxcitingfestivalofanancicnttradition,Commonlybeknownas"NewYear.”InaccordanccwithChina'sLunarNewYear,thefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonthstartedtheancientnameMongolYuanRI,YuanChen,YuanZhen,YuanShun,YuanDan,etc.,commonlyknownasNewYear'sDay,andalsobenamedShangRi,ZhenChao,soanothername,whichmeansthefirstmonthfirstyearistheyear,month,daythreestart.
SpringFestival,asimpliedinthenameisthefestivalinspring.Withtheadventofspring,everythingtakesonanewstart,theplantingandharvestingseasonisonanewstart.Peoplehaveeveryreasontowelcometheholiday,singinganddancing.So,beforetheholidayredpaperwiththeyellowwordthatexpressNewYearGreetingispastedonthedoor.
2ChristmasDay
ComparedwithChina'straditionalfestival,Westerntraditionalfestivalarewithstrongreligious.
AlmostallthetraditionalfestivalthatgotthegreatestimpactinWesterncountriesis
relatedwithChristianitysincetheEuropeancontinenthadbeendisseminatedbytheChristianitycivilization.
Christmasisthemostimportantfestivalinwesterncountries;thefestivalcommemoratesthebirthofJesus."AccordingtotheBiblerecordsthatJesuswasbornatthe1stcenturyADinJerusalemoutsidethecityofBethlehem.Jesus,birthistosavemankind,redemptionofhuman’ssin,socalledsavior.Jesus’motherwasMary,becauseof'ConceivedbytheHolySpirit1Jesuswasborn.SinceAD354,theChristiansaroundtheworldrecognizedDecember25asJesusbirthdaylunarcalendarisJanuary6.AD440,PopeofficiallydeclaredthisdayasChristmas.ClearlytheoriginofChristmastellsus:
ChristmasistheholidaycommemoratingthebirthofJesusChrist,soalsoknownas"JesusChristmas,”or"NativityFestival."
ChristmasDay,isthebiggestfestivalcelebratedintheChristiancountriesoftheworldon25thofDecember.PeopleloveeverythingaboutChristmasDay-thenativityscene,caroling,scripturereadingandconcerts.Novemberonwards,itisimpossibletoforgetthatChristmasiscoming.Coloredlightsdccoratcmanytownccntcrsandshopsalongwithshinydecorations,andartificialsnowpaintedonshopwindows.Duringtheseasonpeopletakethetimetoenjoythelifeofthecityortownwhenit'salldecorated.TheTraditionofChristmashavecombinedfromoverhalfadozenculturesandaccumulatedoverthecenturies.Anin-depthlookinintoitstraditionandoneismovedwithallthesentiments,symbolsandmeaningassociatedwithChristinas.Allofwhichcombinctogiveatouchoflivelinessandharmonytotheseasonofcelebrations.However,nomatterwhichplaceoftheworldyouarein,the
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