考研英语二真题及答案.docx
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考研英语二真题及答案.docx
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考研英语二真题及答案
2013考研英语二真题及答案
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically. 1 atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen 2 fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpaymentwouldsoon“revolutionizethevery 3ofmoneyitself,”onlyto 4 itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso5 incoming?
Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork 6 thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery 7 tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe 8 formofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey 9 receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto 10.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof“float”—ittakesseveraldays 11acheckiscashedandfundsare 12 fromtheissuer’saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcanearninterestonthefundsinthemeantime. 13 electronicpaymentsarcimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.
Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay 14 securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation 15 there.Thefactthatthisisnotan16occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand 17 fromsomeoneelse’saccounts.The 18 ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevelopingto19 securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic 20 thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldata.Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy.
1.A.However B.Moreover C.Therefore D.Otherwise
2.A.off B.back C.over D.around
3.A.power B.concept
C.history D.role
4.A.rewardB.resist C.resume D.reverse
5.A.silent B.sudden C.slow D.steady
6.A.for B.against C.with D.on
7.A.imaginative B.expensive C.sensitive D.productive
8.A.similar B.original C.temporary D.dominant
9.A.collect B.provide C.copy D.print
10.A.giveup B.takeover C.bringback D.passdown
11.A.before B.after C.since D.when
12.A.kept B.borrowed C.released D.withdrawn
13.A.Unless B.Until C.Because D.Though
14.A.hide B.express C.raise D.ease
15.A.analyzed B.shared C.stored D.displayed
16.A.unsafe B.unnatural C.uncommon D.unclear
17.A.steal B.choose C.benefit D.return
18.A.consideration B.prevention C.manipulation D.justification
19.A.copewith B.fightagainst C.adaptto D.callfor
20.A.chunk B.chip C.path D.trail
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:
Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,“amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”
Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.
Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle.But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon’tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra—theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.
Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,“Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs—about6millionintotal—disappeared.”
Therewillalwaysbechanged—newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.
Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopost-highschooleducation.
21.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_______.
A.theimpactoftechnologicaladvancesB.thealleviationofjobpressure
C.theshrinkageoftextilemillsD.thedeclineofmiddle-classincomes
22.AccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto______.
A.workoncheapsoftwareB.askforamoderatesalary
C.adoptanaveragelifestyleD.contributesomethingunique
23.ThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat______.
A.gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerased
B.jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed
C.factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbefore
D.newjobsandserviceshavebeenoffered
24.Accordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis_____.
A.toacceleratetheI.T.revolutionB.toensuremoreeducationforpeople
C.toadvanceeconomicglobalizationD.topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury
25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?
A.NewLawTakesEffectB.TechnologyGoesCheap
C.AverageIsOverD.RecessionIsBad
Text2
Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincludedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexample,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.
Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenewcomersintotwocategories:
legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrationsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrictdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.
Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem.Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.
Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.
Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.
26.“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho____.
A.immigrateacrosstheAtlantic
B.leavetheirhomecountriesforgood
C.stayinaforeigncountrytemporarily
D.findpermanentjobsoverseas
27.Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationsystemintheUS____.
A.needsnewimmigrantcategories
B.hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants
C.shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges
D.hasbeenfixedviapoliticalmeans
28.Accordingtotheauthor,today’sbirdsofpassagewant___.
A.financialincentivesB.aglobalrec
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