全国用版高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Earthquakes教师用书.docx
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全国用版高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Earthquakes教师用书.docx
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全国用版高考英语大一轮复习Unit4Earthquakes教师用书
Unit4 Earthquakes
话题词汇
1.earthquaken.地震
2.firen.火灾
3.floodn.洪水
4.burnv.燃烧
5.destroyv.破坏
6.rescuev.援救
7.survivev.幸存
8.dieout灭绝
9.leadto/contributeto导致
10.inharmonywithnature与自然和谐相处
话题佳作
4月20日,你省某市发生了强烈地震,造成了很大损失,学校号召全体师生向灾区捐款。
请你拟一个发言稿,在学校捐款动员大会上使用。
发言稿主要内容应包括:
1.对灾区情况的简单介绍(包括地震发生的时间地点、造成的财产和人员损失等);
2.捐款的意义(帮助灾区人民渡过难关);
3.如何捐款(自愿、多少不限、以班级为单位,收齐后交到学校红十字会)。
佳作欣赏
Dearteachersandstudents,
Asweallknow,aterribleearthquakehappenedinacityofourprovinceonApril20,inwhichmanybuildingsweredestroyedandmanypeoplewereinjured.
Inordertohelptheearthquakevictims,theschoolhascalledoneveryonetodonatemoney.Thisdonationisvoluntary.Youcangiveawayhowevermuchyouwantto.ThemoneywillbecollectedbyeachclassbeforeitishandedtotheRedCrossSocietyofourschool.
Wehopethateveryonewillbekindenoughtodowhatyoucantohelpourfellowmenoutofthedifficulty.
Thankyou.
名师点睛
本文思路清晰,语言准确,运用了较多的高级句式,如定语从句、宾语从句、before引导的时间状语从句等。
还有一些高级词汇,如callonsb.todo...,giveaway,bekindenoughtodo,outofthedifficulty等的运用也使文章添彩。
A.写作必记单词
1.burstvi.爆裂;爆发;n.突然破裂;爆发
(1)ItwassoterribleIburstoutcrying(cry).(2016·上海)
(2)Hearingthis,thewholeclassburstintolaughter(laugh)andmydeskmate’sfaceturnedred.(2013·湖北)
用法点拨
(1)burst是不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词仍然是burst。
(2)burstinto+名词=burstout+doing突然……起来
2.millionn.百万
3.eventn.事件;大事
4.ruinn.废墟;毁灭;vt.毁灭;使破产
(1)fall/comeintoruin逐渐破碎
(2)WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins(ruin).(2016·北京)
(3)YearsoffightinghasleftIraqruined(ruin).
5.injurevt.损害;伤害
(1)Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries(injure).(2015·全国Ⅱ)
(2)Theinjured(injure)wererushedtohospitalinanambulance.
6.shockn.休克;震惊;打击;vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动
Itshockedmetoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.
→Whatshockedmewastoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.(用what引导的主语从句改写)
→Itwasashockformetoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.(用shockn.改写)
→Iwasshockedtoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.(用beshockedtodo...改写)
7.trapvt.使陷入困境;n.陷阱;困境
(1)trapsb.intodoing...诈骗某人做……
(2)Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrapped(trap)inpowerlesshighrisebuildings.(2016·北京)
(3)Trapped(trap)inatrafficjam,hehadtobepatient,waiting.
8.buryvt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏
(1)beburiedin(=buryoneselfin)埋头于;专心于
(2)Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.
→Buryingherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→Buriedinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
9.congratulationn.祝贺;(pl.)贺词
congratulations(tosb.)onsth.就……(向某人)祝贺
congratulatesb.onsth.为某事向某人祝贺
用法点拨
(1)congratulation表达“祝贺”这一抽象意义时,通常用单数形式;用作祝贺语时,通常用复数形式。
(2)congratulate的宾语必须是人,再接onsth.,其后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。
10.judgen.裁判员;法官;vt.断定;判断;判决
(1)I’dprefertoreservemyjudgement(judge)untilIfindalltheevidence.
(2)Judging(judge)fromherlooks,sheseemedtobetired.
B.阅读识记单词
11.earthquaken.地震
12.nationn.民族;国家;国民
13.sufferingn.苦难;痛苦
14.extremeadj.极度的
15.destroyvt.毁坏;破坏;消灭
16.rescuevt.&n.援救;营救
rescue...from...营救……脱离……
cometoone’srescue来救某人
17.electricityn.电;电流;电学
18.disastern.灾难;灾祸
19.sheltern.遮蔽处;避身处;掩蔽
Hehadarealgiftforhandlingchores(家务活),shelteringmefromunpleasantrepairjobs.(填介词)(2014·重庆)
用法点拨
在takeshelter(躲避风雨),seek/findshelterfrom(寻找躲避……的地方)等短语中,shelter是不可数名词,其前不加冠词。
20.reportern.记者
21.damagen.&vt.损失;损害
(1)damagesn.损害赔偿金
(2)do/causedamageto对……造成损害
22.frightenvt.使惊吓;吓唬
(1)frightensb.into/outofdoing...吓唬某人做/不做……
(2)Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience,especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.(2016·浙江)
(3)Weknowfromthepassagethatelephantsmaybefrightened(frighten)ofangrybees.
23.sincerelyadv.真诚地;真挚地
24.expressvt.表达;表示;n.快车;速递
expressoneself表达自己的意思
用法点拨
express作“表达”解时,后不接双宾语,即不能说expresssb.sth.,可说expresssth.tosb.。
1.rightaway立刻;马上
2.thinklittleof不重视
3.asif(asthough)好像;仿佛
用法点拨
asif/though后的从句可用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反的假设,与现在事实相反,从句动词用过去时;与过去事实相反,从句动词用过去完成时;与将来事实相反,从句动词用would/could/mightdo。
(1)Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitwere(be)mymemory.(2016·江苏)
(2)OnceIwasoutofherlife,itwasasifIhadneverbeen(be)born.
4.atanend结束;终结
Themeetingwasatanend.(同义句转换)
→Themeetingcametoanend.(come)
→Webroughtthemeetingtoanend.(bring)
→Weputanendtothemeeting./Weputthemeetingtoanend.(put)
5.a(great)numberof许多;大量的
(1)However,thereare(be)anumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
(2)Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdropped(drop)by17percentinjustoneyear.(2015·江苏)
(3)Largequantitiesoflandintheareahavebeenreserved(reserve)fornationalparkstheseyears,whichare(be)nowhometobears,wolves,andotherwildanimals.
(4)Morethanonedoctorwasinvolved(involve)intherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake.
(5)Onesurveyshowsthatlargeamountsofwaterarewasted(waste)everyyearinChina,andthatonethirdisavailabletobesaved.
6.digout掘出;发现
7.beproudof/takepridein因……而自豪
1.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.
在农家大院里,鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。
too...to...还可表示肯定意义:
(1)only/just/buttoo...to...非常……去做(only/just/but=very)
(2)(tooready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...)过于(太会)……而做……
2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!
仿佛到了世界末日!
3.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.
成千上万个家庭遇难,许多孩子变成了孤儿。
4.Allhopewasnotlost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
用法点拨
具有总括意义的代词(each,everybody,everything,all,both等)、形容词(complete,whole等)和副词(completely,always,wholly,altogether等)与否定词not连用,构成部分否定,表示“不都;并非都”。
而no,none,never,nobody,neither,nothing,nomore,nolonger等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成全部否定。
5.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.
部队人员组成小分队,将受困的人们挖出来,将死者掩埋。
Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
SeveraldaysbeforeJuly28,1976,manystrangethingshappenedinTangshan.Thewaterinthevillagewellsrose1.andfell.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.Theywere2.signs(sign)fortheearthquake.Butpeopleinthecitydidn’tthinkmuch3.oftheseevents.At3:
42amthatday,theearthbegantoshake,4.whichdestroyedthecity.Manypeople,5.including
(include)rescuerworkersanddoctors,cametorescuethose6.trapped(trap)undertheruins.7.Later(late)thatafternoon,anotherbigquakestruckTangshan.Morepeople8.werekilled(kill)orinjuredand9.more(many)buildingsfelldown.Soldierswerecalledintohelptherescueworkers.Teamswereorganizedtodigout10.thetrappedandtoburythedead.
Ⅱ.教材与短文改错
Dearstudent,
Congratulations!
WearepleasedtotellingyouthatyouhavewonahighschoolspeakingcompetitionaboutnewTangshan.Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhoagreedthatitwasthebestoneinthisyear.Yourfamilyshouldproudofyou!
Ourofficewouldliketohaveyousayinthenewpark,whichwillhonorthosethatdiedintheterribledisaster.Whatyouknow,thisisthedaythequakehappenedfortyoneyearsbefore.Weinviteyoutobringyourfamilyandfriendsinthatspecialday.
答案
Dearstudent,
Congratulations!
Wearepleasedto
youthatyouhavewon
highschoolspeakingcompetitionaboutnewTangshan.Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allof
agreedthatitwasthebestoneinthisyear.Yourfamilyshould
proudofyou!
Ourofficewouldliketohaveyou
inthenewpark,whichwillhonorthose
diedintheterribledisaster.
youknow,thisisthedaythequakehappenedfortyoneyears
.Weinviteyoutobringyourfamilyandfriends
thatspecialday.
Ⅲ.教材与微写作
写作素材
(关于地震)
1.这座城市发生了地震。
2.突然,世界好像到了末日。
3.几秒钟之内城市被毁。
4.管道裂开了,电也停了,大量建筑物变为废墟。
5.人们有的受伤,有的被埋。
提示:
黑体部分用本单元词汇表达,并且请使用asif引导的方式状语从句。
连句成篇
(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Anearthquakehappenedinthecity.Suddenly,itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.Thecitywasdestroyedinseconds.Pipesburstandelectricitywentout.Agreatnumberofbuildingslayinruinsandpeoplewereinjuredorburied.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
ScientistsaroundtheworldhavebeenstudyingthewarmingofwatersinthePacificOceanknownasElNiño.TheappearanceofElNiñoisknowntoaffecttheweatheraroundtheworld.Scientistsstilldonotcompletelyunderstandit.Yettheynowfindtheycanuseittotellaboutthefutureindifferentareasoftheworld.
OneexampleistheworkoftwoscientistsatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,MarkCaneandGordonEshel.AscientistofZimbabwe(津巴布韦),RogerBucklandworkedwiththem.TheyhavefoundthatwhenElNiñoappears,Zimbabwehaslittleornorain.ThismeanscorncropsinZimbabwearepoor.ThelastElNiñowasin1991to1993.ThatwaswhensoutheasternAfricasufferedaseriouslackofrain.
ThescientistswroteabouttheirrecentworkinthepublicationNature.TheircomputerprogramcantellwhenanElNiñowilldevelopuptoayearbeforeitdoes.TheysuggestthatthiscouldprovideaneffectiveearlywarningsystemforsouthernAfrica,andcouldpreventmanypeoplefromstarving.
语篇解读 文章介绍了对厄尔尼诺现象的研究以及采取相应的措施来应对。
科学家一直在研究厄尔尼诺现象。
太平洋的部分水域变暖导致气候的变化。
虽然不能完全理解,但是可以运用这方面的知识在该现象出现之前的一年预测该现象的出现,把这一现象引起的灾难减少到最小。
1.ElNiñoisknownas.
A.thechangingoftheweatherinsouthernAfrica
B.theweatherwhichbringsdrought(旱灾)toAfrica
C.thewarmingofwatersinthePacificOcean
D.theweatherphenomenonthatbringsheavyrainstoAfrica
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
根据文章第一句话可知,厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋的水域变暖。
所以选C。
2.ScientistsstudyElNiñoinorderthat.
A.theycanputallthisinformationintotheircomputers
B.theycantellwhyZimbabwehaslittleornorain
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