高中英语阅读理解试题及答案.docx
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高中英语阅读理解试题及答案.docx
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高中英语阅读理解试题及答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Onaverage,Americansspendabout10hoursadayinfrontofacomputerorotherelectronicdevicesandlessthan30minutesadayoutdoors.ThatisaclaimmadebyDavidStrayer,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah.Inhis2017TEDTalk,Strayerexplainedthatallthistimespentwithtechnologyismakingourbrainstired.
Usinganelectronicdevicetoansweremails,listentothenewsandlookatFacebookputsalotofpressureonthefrontofthebrain,which,Strayerexplains,isimportantforcritical(有判断力的)thinking,problem-solvinganddecision-making.
So,itisimportanttogivethebrainarest.Andbeinginnaure,Strayerclaims,helpsgetatiredbrainawayfromtoomuchtechnology.Morethan15,000campersfromaroundtheworldattendedaninternationalcampingfestivalinSeptember.Thatiswhenfriendsandfamilytaketimeoffandescapetonatureforseveraldays.Theytakewalks,climb,explore,swim,sleep,eatandplay.Campingmaybejustwhatatiredbrainneeds.
TakeCarlforexample.HelivesinWestVirginiaandenjoyscamping.Hesaysthatstayingoutdoorsmakeshimfeelatease.Italsoprepareshimfortheworkhemustdo.KateSomersisanotherexamplewhoalsolivesinWestVirginia.Shesayssheenjoyscampingwithherhusbandandtwochildren.Shecallsita“regenerative”experience.
AttheUniversityofUtah,DavidStrayerhasstudiedbothshort-termandlong-termexposuretonature.Hefoundthatspendingshortamountsoftimeinnaturewithouttechnologydoescalmthebrainandhelpsittorememberbetter.However,hefound,itisthelong-termcontactwithnaturethatdoesthemostgood.Heandhisresearchteamfoundthatspendingthreedaysinnaturewithoutanytechnologyisenoughtimeforthebraintofullyrelaxandresetitself.
(1)WhatisDavidStrayer'sopinion?
A. Americansdislikeoutdooractivities.
B. Electronicequipmentshouldbequitted.
C. Newtechnologiesareadouble-edgedsword.
D. Electronicequipmentbringsgreatconvenience.
(2)WhydoesStrayerinsistwegooutdoors?
A. Totryanotherlifestyle.
B. Torefreshourbrain.
C. Tomakebetterdecisions.
D. Toplaywithourfamilyandfriends.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“regenerative”mean?
A. Reborn B. Memorable C. Remarkable D. Tiring
(4)Whichisthepropertitleforthepassage?
A. ElectronicEquipmentHarmstheBrain. B. GoodRestDevelopsGoodMemory.
C. TipsonUsingNewTechnologies.
D. BeinginNatureIsGoodfortheBrain.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文,主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息,因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动,让大脑休息。
(1)推理判断题。
根据第二段Usinganelectronicdevicetoansweremails,listentothenewsandlookatFacebookputsalotofpressureonthefrontofthebrain可知,电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便,也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力,故可知,科技是一把双刃剑,故选C。
(2)细节理解题。
根据第三段So,itisimportanttogivethebrainarest.Andbeinginnature,Strayerclaims,helpsgetatiredbrainawayfromtoomuchtechnology.可知,亲近大自然,可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品,让大脑获得休息,故选B。
(3)词义猜测题。
根据前文TakeCarlforexample.HelivesinWestVirginiaandenjoyscamping.Hesaysthatstayingoutdoorsmakeshimfeelatease.Italsoprepareshimfortheworkhemustdo.可知,喜欢露营,呆在户外让他感到轻松,能够为必须做的工作做好准备,故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程,让大脑休息的过程,故选A。
(4)主旨大意题。
本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息,因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动,让大脑休息,故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇说明类阅读,要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼),然后以此为线索,运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的:
段落、语句,仔细品味,同时根据上下文进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Ispendhalfofmylifewithmymotherandtheotherhalfwithmyfather.Myfatherliveswithatwenty-poundcatnamedTofu.Hecallsmehisfavoritedaughter.Iamanonlychild.
Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.Hedoesn'tlikesofasoranycomfortablechairs,sohehasonlyadrawingtable,adeskandhisbed.Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga
Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftherefrigeratorisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwastowed(被警察拖走)andsomeotherterriblethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious(迷信的).Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.
Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein.Hewon'tallowanyonewhowearsabaseballcapintohishouse.Hesaysonlybaseballplayersshouldwearbaseballcapsandonlythecatchersshouldwearthembackward.EverytimeIgotostayinhishouse,hemakesupanewrule."Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!
"hewillsay.Butthenbecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.
Therulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwo-pageessayanytimeIwantsomething.Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.Thisritual(仪式)startedwhenIaskedhimifIcouldhavemyearspiercedwhenIwasnine.HesaiditwasverycruelandtoldmeIcouldn'tdoituntilIwasthirty-five.Butlkeptaskinghim,andhefinallysaidthatifIwroteanessayandIcouldpersuadehiminwritingwhyIwantedholesinmyears,maybehewouldsayokay.Iwrotemyfirstessayformyfather,andafteronemonthofwritingandrewriting,hefinallygavemehispermission.
(1)Whatisunusualaboutthefather'sapartment?
A.Ithasalargekitchen.
B.Thefatherdoesyogaathome.
C.Itisscarcelyfurnished.
D.Thefatherspendsalotoftimeonthefloor.
(2)Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthehouserules?
A.SomeoneishiredtofeedTofu.
B.Youcan'twearshoesinthehouse.
C.Baseballplayersarenotallowedintotheapartment.
D.Thewritercan'twatchtelevisionprogramsintheapartment.
(3)WhichofthesestatementsabouttheclockisTRUE?
A.Itisnotanautomaticone.
B.Herfatherdoesn'tliketheclock.
C.Itcanbringgoodlucktothem.
D.Someoneishiredtowinditeveryweek.
(4)Wecaninferthatthewriter'sfather____.
A.wasafamouswriter
B.wasbornintheUnitedStates
C.wasacaringandstrictfather
D.speaksmorethanonelanguage
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了自己父亲的生活以及处事原则。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.”我父亲的公寓和其他人的生活空间大不相同。
除了我的房间,没有家具。
可知,我父亲公寓的不同寻常之处在于房间里几乎没有家具,故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的'Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein."你进来时必须把鞋脱掉。
可知“不能在家里穿鞋”是房屋规则之一,故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.”当他出城的时候,他雇人喂Tofu,给钟上弦,这样钟就不会停了。
可知选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.”他直到16岁才会说英语,而且他很难学会写英语,所以他希望我在很小的时候就成为一名优秀的作家。
可推断出,作者的父亲会说不止一种语言,故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
I'mastoryteller.AndIwouldliketotellyouafewpersonalstories.
IgrewupreadingBritishandAmericanchildren'sbooks.WhenIbegantowrite,IwroteexactlythekindsofstoriesIwasreading:
Allmycharacterswerewhiteandblue-eyed,theyateapplesandtalkedalotabouttheweather,despitethefactthatIlivedinNigeria.Weatemangoes,andwenevertalkedabouttheweather.BecauseallIhadreadwerebooksinwhichcharacterswereforeign,Ihadbecomeconvincedthatbooksbytheirverynaturehadtohaveforeignersinthem.ThingschangedwhenIdiscoveredAfricanbooks.BecauseofwriterslikeChinuaAchebeandCamaraLaye,Iwentthroughamentalshiftinmyideaofliterature.Irealizedthatpeoplelikeme,girlswithskinthecolorofchocolate,couldalsoexistinliterature.IstartedtowriteaboutthingsIrecognized.SowhatthediscoveryofAfricanwritersdidformewasthis:
Itsavedmefromhavingasinglestoryofwhatbooksare.TheyearIturnedeight,wegotanewhouseboyFidefromanearbyruralvillage.Theonlythingmymothertoldusabouthimwasthathisfamilywasverypoor.AndwhenIdidn'tfinishmydinner,mymotherwouldsay,"Finishyourfood!
Don'tyouknow?
PeoplelikeFide'sfamilyhavenothing."SoIfeltenormouspityforFide'sfamily.ThenoneSaturday,wewenttohisvillagetovisit,andhismothershowedusabeautifullypatternedbasketthathisbrotherhadmade.Iwasastonished.Ithadnotoccurredtomethatanybodyinhisfamilycouldactuallymakesomething.Theirpovertywasmysinglestoryofthem.
Yearslater,whenIleftNigeriatogotouniversityintheUnitedStates,myAmericanroommateaskedwhereIhadlearnedtospeakEnglishsowell,andwasconfusedwhenIsaidthatNigeriahappenedtohaveEnglishasitsofficiallanguage.Whatstruckmewasthis:
Shehadfeltsorryformeevenbeforeshesawme.MyroommatehadasinglestoryofAfrica:
asinglestoryofcatastrophe.
Ofcourse,Africaisacontinentfullofcatastrophes.Butthereareotherstoriesthatarenotaboutcatastrophe,anditisveryimportant,itisjustasimportant,totalkaboutthem.Theconsequenceofthesinglestoryisthis:
Itrobspeopleofdignity.Itmakesourrecognitionofourequalhumanitydifficult.Itemphasizeshowwearedifferentratherthanhowwearesimilar.
SowhatifmymotherhadtoldusthatFide'sfamilywaspoorandhardworking?
WhatifwehadanAfricantelevisionnetworkthatbroadcastdiverseAfricanstoriesallovertheworld?
Whatif
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