大学英语1第二次作业题及答案doc.docx
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大学英语1第二次作业题及答案doc.docx
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大学英语1第二次作业题及答案doc
第2次作业
一、阅读理解(本大题共100分,共5小题,每小题20分)1.
Thereisawidespreadbeliefthatpeoplewhogetoninlifemaybesuccessfulnotbecausetheydeserveit,butbecauseofinfluentialfriendsortherightbackground.Sometimesitmayjustbeacomfortingandharmlessbelief,whileattheotherextremeitcanbeverydestructive.Ioncemetabrilliantyoungengineerwhoworkedinachemicalplant.Becauseofherknowledgeandexperience,sheshouldhavebeenpromotedtoProductionManager.Instead,thejobwenttoamanwhowastotallyunsuitedforthepost.Everyoneknewthatheonlygotitbecausehewaspoliticallyacceptabletohissuperiors.Thisinjusticedemoralizedtheyoungengineerandmanyofhercolleagues.Ttalsomeantthatthefactorywasmuch1essefficientthanitcouldhavebeen.
Allthesame,weshouldnotbepessimistic.Moreandmore,themodernworlddependsonhavingpeoplewhoareinthejobbecausetheyaregoodenough,notjustbecausetheirfacefits.Thereisastoryofafactoryownerwhosentforanengineertoseetoamachine,whichwouldnotgo.Heexaminedit,thentookoutahammerandtappedit,once.Themachinestartedupimmediately.Whenhepresentedhisbill,theownerprotested,"Thiscan'tberight!
$100justfortappingamachinewithahammer?
z,Theengineerwroteoutanewbill:
〃Fortappingamachine,$1;forknowingwheretotapit,$99.〃
(1).
Itisbelievedthatsomepeoplehavesucceededinlifebecause•
A.
theyfeelsuperiortoothers
B.
theyarebothinfluentialandpowerful
c.
theyhavesomespecialadvantages
D.
theyhaveapoorbackground
(2).
Theengineeratthechemicalplantwasnotpromotedbecause.
A.
itismoredifficultforawomantogetapromotionthanforhermalecolleagues
B.
herbossdidnotthinkshehadtherightqualificationsforthejob
c.
themanwhogothispromotionwasmoreexperiencedthanshewas
D.
herbossesdidnotapproveofherpoliticalviewsandopinions
(3).
Theengineerwhorepairedthemachinewasrighttocharge$100because.
A.
hewastheonlypersonwhocouldfindoutwhatwaswrongwithit
B.
thefactoryownercouldnothaverepairedithimself
c.
hehitthemachinetogetitstartedagain
D.
hewaschargingforhisknowledgeandexpertskills
(4).
Theauthor"sattitudetowardthewidespreadbeliefis.
A.
positive
B.
negative
c.
neutral
D.
sympathetic
(5).
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?
A.
Havinginfluentialfriendsorrightbackgroundseemshelpfulsometimes.
B.
Theengineerhadgoodreasontooverchargethefactoryowner.
C.
Notal1thosewhoaregoodintheirjobshavethechancetobepromoted.
D.
Thosewhoaregoodintheirjobarestilllargelyneededbythemodernsociety.
2.
Tnthe1940s,urbanAmericansbeganamassmovetothesuburbsinsearchoffreshair,elbowroomandprivacy.Suburbsbegantosprawloutacrossthecountryside,sincemostofthosemakingthemoveweremiddle-class,theytookwiththemthetaxmoneythecitiesneededtomaintaintheneighborhood,inwhichtheyhadlived.Thepeopleleftinthecitieswereoftenthosewhoweretoooldortoopoortomove.Thus,manycitiesbegantofallintodisrepair.Crimebegantosoar,andpublictransportationwasneglected.(Tnthepastsixtyyears,SanFranciscoistheonlycityintheUnitedStatestohavecompletedanewmasstransitsystem.)Meanwhile,housingconstructioncostscontinuedtorisehigherandhigher.Middle-classhousingwasallowedtodecay,andlittlenewhousingwasconstructed.
Eventually,manydowntownareasexistedforbusinessonly.Duringthedaytheywouldbefilledwithpeopleworkingintheofficesandatnighttheywouldbedeserted.Giventhesecircumstances,somebusinessexecutivesbeganasking,"Whybotherwithgoingdowntownatal1?
Whynotmovetheofficestothesuburbssothatwecan1iveandworkinthesamearea?
”Graduallysomeofthelargercompaniesbeganmovingoutofthecities,withtheresultthaturbancentersdeclinedevenfurtherandthesuburbsexpandedstillmore.ThismovementofbusinessestothesuburbsisnotconfinedtotheUnitedStates.BusinesseshavealsobeenmovingtothesuburbsinStockholm,Sweden,inBonn,Germany,andinBrussels,Belgiumaswell
(1).
Whatdidthecitylosewhenthosepeoplemovedouttothesuburbs?
A.
houses
B.
cars
C.
jobs
D.
taxmoney
(2).
Whatarenottheresultingeffectsoncitieswhenthosepeoplemovedout?
A.
Thereweremorecrimes.
B.
Citieswereinabadcondition.
c.
Onlyonemasstransitsystemwascompleted.
D.
Somesmallcompaniesmovedinwhilelargeronesmovedout.
(3).
Accordingtothepassage,thesuburbs.
A.
weredesertedatnight
B.
weredesertedatnight
c.
hadahighconstructioncost
D.
hadsomedeclinedbusinesscenter
(4).
WhichofthefollowingstatementsareTrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.
SomecompaniesintheUnitedStatesmovedtoSweden,GermanyandBelgium.
B.
Freshair,spaciousroomandbeingawayfromothersattractpeopletomovetothesuburbs.
C.
Peoplewouldn'tpaytaxwhentheymovedoutofcities.
D.
Theneighborhoodshouldbemaintainedbyoldandpoorpeople.
(5).
Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.
UrbanRenewal
B.
SuburbanSprawl
c.
Effectsofthemovetothesuburbs
D.
DevelopmentoftheSuburbs
3.
MountainclimbersaroundtheworlddreamaboutgoingupMountEverest(珠穆朗玛峰).Itisthehighestmountainintheworld.Butmanypeoplewhohaveclimbedthemountainhaveleftwastematerialthatisharmingtheenvironment.
AteamofAmericansisplanningthelargestclean-upefforteveronMountEverest.Theywillmaketheriskytripupthemountainnextmonth.
TheteamofeightAmericanswillbeguidedbymorethantwentySherpasofNepal(尼泊尔夏尔巴人).Theirgoalistoremoveal1thetrash(废物,垃圾)theysee.Theywi11spendtwomonthscleaningupthemountainbygatheringoxygenbottles,fuelcontainers,batteries,drinkcans,humanwasteandotherkindsoftrash.Theyarcexpectedtoremoveatleastthreetonsoftrashinlargebags.
TeamleaderRobertHoffmanismakinghisfourthtripupthemountain.HesayshehopestobringEveresttotheconditionitwasinbeforethefirstsuccessfulclimbfiftyyearsago.Hesayshehopestheeffortwillinfluenceotherpeopletocleanuptheenvironmentcloserhome.
HumanwasteonEverestisamajorconcern.Sotheclean-upteamwilltakealongnewlydevelopedequipmenttocollectandtreathumanwaste-Overtheyears,thewastearticleshavepollutedthemountain.Inthewarmseasonwhentheicemelts,thepollutedwaterflowstoNepalivillagesbelow.TheproblemhasgottenworseinrecentyearsbecauseclimbingEveresthasbecomemorepopular.
(1).
WhatarethoseAmericansconcernedaboutwhentheyareplanningthetripupMountEverest?
A.
Theenvironmentpollutionofthemountain.
B.
Thesuccessinclimbingupthemountain.
c.
Theequipmentfortheirtriptothemountain.
D.
Therisksfacingtheclimbersofthemountain.
(2).
Fromthepassagewecanlearnthattheclean-upeffort.
A.
isopposedbythelocalpeople
B.
isthelargestonesupportedbyNepal
c.
isencouragedbytheAmericangovernment
D.
isthegreatestoneevermadeonMountEverest
(3).
WhatdoestheAmericanteamplantodoonthetripupthemountain?
A.
TomakeEverestevencleanerthanitwas.
B.
Totellclimbersnottoleavewastematerials.
C.
Totakeawayallthetrashtheycouldfindthere.
D.
Tocollectandtreathumanwastebeforetheicemelted.
(4).
TeamleaderMr.HoffmanhopestoturnMountEverestinto
A.
itsformerstateafewyearsago
B.
itsoriginalconditionhalfacenturyago
c.
aplacewithnopollutionatall
D.
thecleanestmountainintheworld
(5).
Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?
A.
ARiskyTripUpMountEverest
B.
PollutiononMountEverest
c.
MountEverest一Clean-upEffort
D.
RobertHoffmanandHisClean-upTeam
4.
SincefoundinghisMicrosoftcomputersoftwarecompanyin1975,BillGates,thispale-skinned,soft-handedlittlegeniushasturnedthecompanyintoatransnationalmonsterwithamarketcapitalizationof$US38billionvaluethatmakesitbiggerthanFord,GeneralMotorsorBoeing.BillGates'sown30percentshareofthecompanyhasmadehim,at38,thesecondrichestindividualintheUS,worthsomewhereabout$9billion.
Forbesmagazinerecentlyestimatedthat,ifyouconvertedhispersonalwealthintoRollsRoyces,theywouldstretchnose-to-tailfromSeattle,Microsoft"shometown,toVancouverinCanada,adistanceof500kilometers.Gatesandhiswifewillbemovingintoa$US25millionhouseontheshoreofLakeWashington.
Microsoftempire,whichwasfoundedonthemotto〃Acomputeroneverydeskandineveryhome,runningMicrosoftSoftware"7."Sometimeswe'ddropthe'ineveryhom。
'bit,"Gatessays,"andsometimeswc'ddropthe'runningMicrosoftbit,dependingonwhoweweretalkingto.〃Inthe18yearssincehefirstsuspectedthatthemicroprocessorchipwasgoingtochangetheworld,Gates'svisionhasprovedremarkablyprescient.Aswellasbusinessundergoingcomputerization,aquarterofAmericanhomesnowcontainapersonalcomputerorPC,withasmanyagainplanningtobuyoneinthenexttwoyears.Theymaynotal1berunningMicrosoftprograms,butabout90percentofthemarc.
EvensoGatesadmitsithasbeenalongerwaitthanheoriginallyanticipated.Hethoughtthatcomputerdevelopmentswouldhappenmuchfaster.Buthehopesfortoomuchtooquickly.Hesayshadafartoooptimistictime-frameformostofthethingsIthoughtwouldcometreetheprevalenceofthePC,theeffectofthemicroprocessor,thesuccessofgraphicaluserinterface,thesuccessofCD-based
software”.Thislastdevelopme
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