届山东省聊城一中高三下学期开学模拟考试数学试题.docx
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届山东省聊城一中高三下学期开学模拟考试数学试题.docx
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届山东省聊城一中高三下学期开学模拟考试数学试题
山东省聊城一中2021届高三下学期开学模拟考试
英语试题
满分:
120分用时:
100分钟
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
ThevastCaspianSea,thoughsometimesclassedasalake,isthelargestlandlockedbodyofwaterintheworld.ThegatewaybetweenEuropeandAsia,itisborderedbyIrantothesouth,AzerbaijanandRussiatothewestandTurkmenistantotheeast,whileKazakhsta’sMangystauregionliestothenortheast.ManyvisitorscrowdtoCaspianSeaeveryyeartoexperienceitsbeauty.
FISHING
FishingisapopularpastimeandimportantindustrythroughoutthewatersoftheCaspianSea.FromtheshoresofMangystauinKazakhstan,itispossibletorentfishingboatsorjoinfishingtourstospendadayfishingonthewater.
SAILING
TheCaspianSeaisfilledwithboats,ferriesandships.ItisapopularwaytotravelfromothermajorportcitiessuchasBakuinAzerbaijantoAktau,ordownthemightyVolgaCanal.Meanwhile,onasmallerscale,boatscanberentedfromAktauforadayonthewater.
WATERSPORTS
ThebeachesofMangystau,lappedbythewatersoftheCaspianSea,arethejumpingoffpointsformanypopularwatersports.Inthesummermonthsespecially,visitorsenjoysunbathingandtakingarefreshingdip,whilemoreactiveholidaymakerscanwindsurfandparasailtotheirhearts’delight.
1.HowmanycountriesaretherecirclingaroundtheCaspiansea?
A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.
2.WhatcanyoudoifyouwanttofishontheCaspianSea?
A.Buyyourownboat.B.Employalocalfisher.
C.Rentafishingboat.D.Buyfishontheboat.
3.Whatwillyoudoifyouareanadventurousperson?
A.Goswimming.B.Godiving.C.Gosunbathing.D.Gowindsurfing.
B
Thejuries(陪审团)entered.
Istoodbesidethelawyerandmybrother,Jimmy.Itremindedmeofourchildhood—asthingsoftendid—whenweplayedthegame“SimonSays”,wewouldreactatthesametimeinharmonywhenhearingallkindsoforder.“Simonsaysjump;Simonsaystouchyourtoes”—itwasalmostthesame.Almost.
Whenwegrewup,mybrotherhadchosenaseparatelife,leavingmealone.Imissedhimalot.
Today,though,weweretogether,standingincourt,waitingforthesentence.
Theguiltyverdict(判决)wasread.Isatdown,butmybrothercried,“No!
I’minnocent.”Andthenheturnedtome,yelling,“Howcanyoudothistome,James!
Ifinallycanmakeanewlifebymyself.”
“Stopthis,”thejudgeyelled,“thejurieshavemadethedecision.”
“Butit’snotfair!
”mybrotherreplied,“Ididn’tkillanyone.”
IwishedIcouldexplain,butIsaidnothingbecausethisistheonlywaywecanbetogetheragain.
Thejudgepulledhisglassesfromhisface.“Bylaw...”
“Thelawisunjust,”mybrothersaid.
Thejudgewipedhiseyes,and,tomysurprise,saidcalmly.“Yes,”henoddedhisglassesaside.“Iagreewithyouaboutthat.Lawismeanttoprotecttheinnocent.Andyoucertainlyseeminnocent.ButhowcanItell?
Youtwoareclones.Yourfaces,yourfingerprints,evenyourDNAmatchexactly.That’swhywhenoneisfoundguilty,allothers…”
Thejudgesighed,replacedhisglasses,andbangedthehammer.“Isentenceyoubothtotwentyyears.”
Together,thecourtguardledusaway.Mybrother’sheadbowedindefeat,butIwalkedupright,forIwouldnolongerbealone.
4.HowdidJamesthinkoftheirchildhood?
A.HefeltsorryforJimmy.B.Hehadbeenincourtbefore.
C.Hefeltguiltyabouthispast.D.Hemissedthegoodolddays.
5.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?
A.Twoboyshadnothingincommon.B.Thetwobrothersbehavedalike.
C.Theyoncequarreledwitheachother.D.Neitherofthemlikedlivingtogether.
6.Whatdoweknowaboutthelawfromthetext?
A.Clonedbrothersshouldlivetogether.
B.Thecloningofhumanbeingisforbidden.
C.Clonedbrothersarebothguiltyifoneisguilty.
D.Clonedbrotherscanliveapartwhengrowingup.
7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Jameswasinnocent.B.Jimmydidkillsomeone.
C.Jamesknewnothingaboutthelaw.D.Jamestookadvantageofthelaw.
C
Weregularlyhearhowimportantconsumerspendingisfortheeconomy.Thestorygoeslikethis:
themoreconsumersspend,themoremoneycirculatesintheeconomy,whichcontributestohealthyjobgrowthandprofits.Keynes,aBritisheconomistwentasfarastosaythatindividualssavingtheirmoneymayactuallybehurtingtheeconomy.Soundstroubling,doesn’tit?
Fearnot.Youaren’tactuallyhurtinganyoneelsebysavingmoney.Strongeconomicgrowthonlycomesfromoneplace:
savings.Notconsumption.Infact,economicactivityshouldnotbemistakenforeconomicgrowth.Forexample,somebodytakestheirmoney,walksintoastore,andpurchasesgoods.Thestoreincreasesitsrevenue.
Butwhathappenstoallofthosegoodsandservicesthatpeoplehavechosennottoconsumebysavingtheirmoney?
Simple:
Otherpeopleareallowedtoconsumethem.Thinkofitthisway:
Whenyoulendoutyoursavings,youareactuallysaying,“Here,Iamnotgoingtoconsumerightnow,sowhydon’tyou?
”Bankssimplyplaythemiddleman:
theycollectlotsofpeople’ssavingsandthenlendoutlotsoffunds.
Ittakesanunbelievableamountofgoodsandservicestoconstructabuilding.Ittakesfood,shelter,andentertainmentforalloftheworkers,aswell.Withoutsavings,itisquiteimpossibletofinancesuchaconstruction.Thecoordination(协调)betweensavingsandconsumptionisanecessarybasisforsoundeconomicgrowth.Thiscoordinationisalsowhyconsumerlending(say,toborrowabigsumofmoneytobuyacar)isnotproductive,inastrictsense.Itdoesn’tincreasethenet(净的)amountofwealthofaneconomy.Thosesavingscouldhavebeenusedtoconstruct,say,factoryequipment.
Noneofthismeansconsumptionandspendingare“bad”things.Theysimplydonotmakeuswealthier.Afterall,thefinalgoalofproductionandsavingsistoconsume.Buttosaythatconsumptionistheengineofeconomicgrowthistoputthecartbeforethehorse.Or,torephrase:
theconsumptionofwealthcannevermakeyouwealthier.Happier,perhaps.Wealthier,no.
8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsKeynes’theory?
A.Approving.B.Reserved.C.Uncertain.D.Critical.
9.Theunderlinedword“revenue”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“_______”.
A.income B.reputation C.interest D.cost
10.Accordingtotheauthor,whichchartcouldshowtheeffectofsavingsoneconomy?
11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?
A.TheSavingBehavioroftheEconomy
B.Consumption:
AKeyConceptinEconomy
C.TheTruthaboutSavingsandConsumption
D.ConsumerSpendingandEconomicGrowth
D
DoyoustillrememberthesceneinthefamousmovieTitanic,directedbyCameron,whereJackwasfrozentodeathintheicycoldwatersothatRosecouldsurviveonthefloatingdooralone?
Itbrokemanypeople’sheart.
Twodecadeslater,peoplearestillaskingthequestion,“wasn’tthereenoughroomonthedoorforbothofthem?
”
Camerononcerespondedbysayingitwasn’taquestionofroom,butbuoyancy(浮力)—ifbothofthemhadtriedtostayontheraft,heargued,thewholethingwouldsink.
Butseveralguysfrom“Mythbusters”,anAustralian-Americanscienceentertainmenttelevisionprogram,decidedtotestthetheorythemselves.TheydiscoveredthatifRosehadtookoffherlifejackettothebottomoftheraft,therewouldhavebeenenoughbuoyancytokeepbothofthemafloat.
WhentheypresentedtheirfindingstoCameron,thedirectorinsistedthatJackcouldn’tbesaved.
“Theanswerisverysimple,”Cameronsaid.“Becauseitsaysonpage147ofthescriptthatJackdies.ToCameron,itwasanartisticchoicetohavethebelovedcharacterofmillions,Jack,drownintothecoldsea.JackhadtodiebecauseCameronthoughtitwouldbebestifwedid.
“Itwasanartisticchoice,thethingwasjustbigenoughtoholdher,andnotbigenoughtoholdhim,”Cameronsaid.“Ithinkit’sallkindofsilly,really,thatwe’rehavingthisdiscussion20yearslater.ButitdoesshowthatthefilmwaseffectiveinmakingJacksoendearingtotheaudiencethatithurtsthemtoseehimdie.Thefilmisaboutdeathandseparation;hehadtodie.”
SinceJackwasdoomedtodie,Cameronsaid,itcouldhavehappenedinavarietyofdifferentways.It’snotaboutthedoornotbeingbigenough:
that’sjustapracticalmethodforhisdeath.“Whetheritwasthat,orwhetherachimneyfellonhim,hewasgoingdown,”Cameronsaid.“It’scalledart:
thingshappenforartisticreasons,notforphysicsreasons.”
12.WhatdoweknowaboutthecharacterJackaccordingtothetext?
A.Heintendedtokillhimself.B.HesacrificedhimselftosaveRose.
C.Hedidn’thavemoneytobuyticket.D.Helackedbasicknowledgeofphysics.
13.AccordingtoCameron,whydidtheaudienceargueaboutJack’sdeathfor20years?
A.Theyarefragilepeople.B.Theydon’tlikethemovie.
C.TheylovethecharacterJack.D.Theyarecrazyaboutphysics.
14.Whywasachimneymentionedinthelastparagraph?
A.Tointroducethestructureoftheship.B.Toshowtheoriginalplanofthemovie.
C.Topresentthemissingpartofthemovie.D.ToexplaintheunchangeablefateofJack.
15.Whatisbesttitleofthetext?
A.JackinTitanicMustDie.B.BigEnoughforBoth.
C.CameronisWrong.D.JackcouldSurvive.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Asyourteacherpassesoutthemathtest,yourpalmsturnsweaty.Younoticethatourhearthasbeguntorace.Glancingdownatthepage,yousuddenlyforgetthoseoperationsonwhichyouhaddrilledonlyafewdaysearlier.Doyouperformalladditions
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