西建大研究生英语.docx
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西建大研究生英语.docx
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西建大研究生英语
Unit1LowCarbonEconomy
(1)Lackofmoney,coupledwithlow-levelresearchingequipment,willhavea(n)adverseeffectonournextseismicresearchprogram.
(2)Theproblemissimpleandstark:
health-carecostshavebeen,are,andwillcontinuetoincreasefasterthangovernmentrevenues.
(3)Nowtherearenuclearweaponsinsomecountries;ifwarbrokeout,theycouldinflictuntoldlossesonmankindanduncontrollabledamagesonenvironment.
(4)Databasesusedbysomecompaniesdon’trelyondatacollectedsystematicallybutratherlumptogetherinformationfromdifferentresearchprojects.
(5)France’sresumptionofnucleartestingintheSouthPacificlastmonthtriggeredpoliticaldebatesandmassdemonstrationsaroundtheworld.
(6)Becausemanypeoplelackthefeelingofbelongingtoanecosystem,andthisresultsinaharshandimprovidenttreatmentofthingsuponwhichweultimatelydepend,suchaswaterandtrees.
(7)Shehadincurredthewrathofherparentsbygoingabroadandmarryingaforeignerwithouttheirconsent.
(8)Whentravelling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers’checks,whichprovideasecurealternativetocarryingyourmoneyincash.
(9)HelostoutonachancetogotoMexicoCitybecausehewastoobusywithhisresearchprogramonclimatechange.
(10)Myparentsfinallysettledonmypunishment—Iwouldusemysummerwagestopayfortherepairsoftheircar.
(1)Asmyeyesmettheirsattheendofmyperformance,Iwas,forthesecondtime,therecipientoftheirzealouslyguardedapplause.
A.recipeB.receiverC.receiptD.reciprocity
(2)AsIopenedupthecomputertotryandfixtheproblem,IrealizedthatIwasgettingintocompletelyunchartedterritoryandconsideredwhethertoleaveittotheexperts.
A.unclassifiedB.uncomplicatedC.unfamiliarD.uncontrolled
(3)ThedeadlyearthquakethatjoltedsouthwestChina’sSichuanProvinceonMay12hasdestroyedthehomesofgiantpandasandleftthemindireneedoftheirfavoritefood,
A.extremeB.dimC.diverseD.diligent
(4)RussianEmergencySituationsMinisterSergeiShoiguonSaturdaywarnedthatcurrentlyfiresituationsin17Russianregionsmayfurtheraggravate,andurgedcontinuoussupervisiononsomestrategic.
A.releaseB.etchC.reinsureD.worsen
(5)TheBritishgovernmentsaysitwillwithdrawitstroopsfromavolatileregionofsouthernAfghanistanandhandovercontroltoU.S.Marineslaterthisyear.
A.unsafeB.unsteadyC.insatiableD.unshaken
(6)TheBuffalonickel,producedfrom1913to1938,honoredapairofconnectedtragediesfromthesettlementoftheAmericanfrontier—theexterminationofthebuffaloherdsandtheAmericanIndians.
A.terminationB.destinationC.destructionD.distinction
(7)TheglobalfinancialcrisishasnotsparedtheMiddleEastregion,butstrongeconomicfundamentalsandsizeablecurrencyreserveshavehelpedtomitigatetheimpactoftheshock.
A.relieveB.relinquishC.relightD.relive
(8)Duringthepastdecades,theinternationalcommunity,usuallyundertheauspicesoftheUnitedNations,hasstruggledtonegotiateglobalstandardsthatcanhelpusachievemanyessentialgoals.
A.withtheadvanceofB.withtheadditionof
C.withtheviewofD.withthehelpof
(9)Themortalityrateofchildrenunderfiveyearsoldisanimportantindicationofthesituationofchildreninacountry.
A.growthB.birthC.deathD.injury
(10)Theutilitiescontendthatthisreducedcapacitywillresultincurtailedserviceandhigherpricessomeyearsdowntheroad.
A.bythewayB.alongthestreetC.inthepastD.inthefuture
(1)他们被背包压得弯下了腰,在山坡上的松树林里一步步向上爬,身上淌着汗。
(undertheweightof)
Bendingundertheweightofthepacks,sweating,theyclimbedsteadilyinthepineforestthatcoveredthemountainside.
(2)我们在无聊的时候,往往把注意力集中在时间的流逝上,这样会使大脑活动产生错觉,总觉得时钟似乎走得更慢。
(trigger)
Concentratingontimepassing,aswedowhenbored,willtriggerbrainactivitywhichwillmakeitseemasthoughtheclockistickingmoreslowly.
(3)法国第二季度的失业率飙升,并且该国财长称,即使全球经济复苏加快,就业局面仍将继续恶化。
这是2006年初以来最糟糕的季度失业率。
(aggravate)
UnemploymentshotupinFranceduringthesecondquarter,andthecountry’stopfinanceofficialsaidthesituationwillcontinuetoaggravateevenifaglobaleconomicrecoverygatherspace.ItwastheworstquarterlyunemploymentinFrancesinceearly2006.
(4)社会实践是不断发展的,我们的思想认识也应不断前进,应勇于根据实践的要求进行创新。
(inlightof)
Associalpracticecontinuestodevelop,weshouldkeeprenewingourideasandmakeinnovationscourageouslyinlightofpracticalneeds.
(5)自行车被看成是比公共汽车更实惠的交通工具,因为公共汽车票价在最近几年内涨了三倍。
(alternative)
Bicyclesareregardedasaneconomicalalternativetobuseswhosefareshaveincreased3timesinthepastfewyears.
(6)美国政府呼吁全国人民节约用水,因为水资的源匮乏已经成了全球生态问题、经济问题以及政治问题的根源之一。
(scarcity)
TheU.S.governmenthascalledonpeopletosavewaterbecausethescarcityofwaterhasbecomeasourceofglobaltensionecologically,economicallyandpolitically.
(7)一个企业只有引进高新技术设备,提升产品质量,开拓国际市场,才能成为当今行业内当之无愧的引领者。
(state-of-the-art)
Inordertobearecognizedleaderintheindustry,it’sessentialforacompanytoimproveproductionqualityandtaptheoverseasmarketthroughthehelpofstate-of-the-arttechnologiesandequipment.
(8)如果你在打算到英国过圣诞,最好再考虑一下。
因为英国恶劣的天气,对当地交通设施造成巨大破坏,数千名游客被困英国。
(disruption)
IfyouarethinkingaboutcomingtoBritainforChristmas,itmightbeagoodideatothinkagain.That’sbecausethousandsofChristmastravelershavebeenstrandedintheUKasadverseweatherconditionscausedmassivedisruptiontothetransportinfrastructure.
Manyofourleadingclimatescientistshavewarnedthatifweexceed2.0ºC(3.6ºF)abovepre-industrialtimes,wewillenteradangerous,unchartedterritory.Nooneknowsatwhatprecisetemperaturetheeffectsofglobalwarmingbecomeintolerablylarge,whetherasaresultofgradualworseningofdroughts,floods,hurricanes,andheatwavesorasaresultofabrupt,catastrophicchange,suchasthecollapseoftheGreenlandorWestAntarcticicesheetsandtheaccompanyingglobalswellinsealevels.Butweareconductingadangerousuncontrolledexperimentwiththeonlyhomewehave.Thisiswhyyoungpeopleinincreasingnumbersarestartingtoseeclimatechangeasthechallengeoftheirgeneration.很多权威的气候学家们都曾发出过这样的警告:
如果我们现在的温度超过工业化前2摄氏度(3.6华氏度)的话,我们将会迈进一个危险的未知国度。
没有人能知道到底全球变暖达到多少度会变得无法控制,并且造成像干旱、洪水、飓风以及热浪等自然灾害的逐渐恶化,造成诸如格陵兰岛或西南极洲大冰原坍塌以及伴随的全球海平面上升等意外的灾难性变化。
但是我们还依然在我们唯一的家原身上不断做着危险而又不受约束的尝试,这也是为什么越来越多的年轻人开始将气候变化视为他们这一代人的一项挑战。
Unit4ArtificialIntelligence
(1)AsanyonewhohaseverspentanytimeinCaliforniacanattest,muchpublicattentionisbeingfocusedonthegreatearthquake-predictiondebate.
(2)Whenallofuswerecompletelydisorientedintheforest—whichdirectionareweheadingin—hisGPShelpedusalot.
(3)Forapplicationsoftwareusersanddevelopers,thebenefitsofcomponentsoftwaredevelopment—namelyreusability,reliability—havelargelyremainedelusive.
(4)TheburstofterroristactivitycouldcompletelynegatetheIndonesiangovernment’seffortstoexpanditstourism.
(5)Forthebreederitisimperativethatasmuchinformationontheparentbirdsisobtainedonpreviousprogenyproducedbythemwithregardstotheirtrainingsuccesses.
(6)AnewreportsuggeststhatAmerica’sdemandforcancertreatmentwilloutstripsupplybytheendofthenextdecade.
(7)Timeisaversatileperformer.Itisabletofly,strideforward,cureallhurts,andleaveimpactevenifpassedaway.
(8)TheSenatemustpassitsownbillandmeltitwiththeHousebillbeforesendingittoPresidentObama’sdesk.
(9)Wearedoingeverythingtoprepareagainsteverycontingencybutweshouldrecognizethatsomethingmustbelefttochance.
(10)State-ownedcommercialbanksarethemainstayofChinesefinancialindustry,maintainingthelifelineofnationaleconomyandeconomicsecurity.
(1)MymotherisquitealiberalpersonandI’msurethatshe’llbeamenabletoanysensiblesuggestions.
A.willingtoagreeB.openC.liableD.understandable
(2)He,withhiselegantnarration,beautifulimaginationandintricateplots,oftengivesuspleasantsurprises.
A.fantasticB.elaborateC.interrelatedD.complicated
(3)Howeverdifficultandmeanyourlifeis,meetifandliveit,donotshunitandcallithardname.
A.punchatB.avoidC.complainaboutD.revenge
(4)So,torecapitulate,hereagainarethemainreasonswhyIthinkweshouldproceedwiththeproject.
A.summarizeB.beginwithC.emphasizeD.capture
(5)Participantsoftheopeningceremonywillhavemorepracticeandrehearsalopportunitiestohonetheiractingskills.
A.exhibitB.exemplifyC.sharpenD.perfect
(6)Withtheinventionofmodernlaptops,ubiquityofbroadbandInternetaccess,andadvancesincommunicationsoftware,thereisnolongeraneedtobeintheoffice.
A.uniquenessB.qualificationC.omnipresenceD.inseparability
(7)WhentherescueworkcametoanendthecorrespondentsqueriedthePremierabouthisplanforthereconstructionofthequake-hitarea.
A.stoodinaqueuetoaskB.embarrassedC.wereanxiousaboutD.questioned
(8)Withtheconvenientonlineshoppingservices,customerscandesignandorderappareldirectlyfromthevirtualshops.
A.appliancesB.merchandiseC.utilitiesD.clothes
(9)Meanwhile,apollofWallStreetstrategistsfoundthatnotasinglepunditwaspredictingthatAmericanshareswouldfallthisyear.
A.brokerB.authorityC.shareholderD.scholarship
(10)Thecomputerwillplaythepivotalroleeitherinthebasicmedicineteachingorintheexperimentalteaching.
A.importantB.crucialC.necessaryD.irreplaceable
1.然而思想落后于实际的事是常有的,这是因为人的认知受了许多社会条件限制的缘故(cognition)
Itoftenhappens,however,thatthinkinglagsbehindreality;thisisbecauseman’scognitionis
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