内蒙古正镶白旗察汗淖中学学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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内蒙古正镶白旗察汗淖中学学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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内蒙古正镶白旗察汗淖中学学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
绝密★启用前
察汗淖中学2017--2018学年第二学期期末考试试卷
年级:
高一科目:
英语
(总分:
120)
注意事项:
1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
1、阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第1节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Thereisnodoubtthatmanyparentswanttomold(塑造)theirchildtobebetter,faster,smarterandmoreskilled.Eventhoughhumanparentscan’tdothat,arobotthatbuildsitsownchildrencan.ScientistsattheUniversityofCambridgeinEnglandhavecreatedamotherrobotthatnotonlycreatesitsownchildren,buttestsouttheirperformance.
Themotherrobotanalyzes(分析)theperformanceofeachofthe“children”itcreates,andpassesdowngoodcharacterstothenextgeneration
Forexample,asthemothercreatesthemandputsthemtowork,shemeasureshowthey’rebehaving,andsheusesdatafromthisbehaviortocreatethenextgenerationofrobots.
Themotherrobotcanactuallybuildhundredsofchildrobotsandseetheperformanceofthesechildrobots.Andiftheirperformanceisgood,keeptheirdesignforthenextgeneration.Andifbad,justletitgo.
“Weprogramtherobotsbasedonsomefunctionsthatdefine(规定)therewardtherobotsaregoingtoget,dependingontheconstructionthattheymake.Theycannotchangetheirownreward.Forthechildrobot,thelongerthedistancetherobotwalks,thebettertherewarditreceives,”saidFumiyaIida,theleadresearcher.
Afterseveralgenerations,the“children”wererunningtwiceasfast.
“Themotherrobotproduced500robotstoseewhichoneisgoodandwhichoneisbad,”saidIida.
Theresearchersbelievethatthemachinescanbeusedinacarfactory,forexample,whererobotcamerasexamineeachearinproductionline,findoutanymistakes,andthendesignabettercar.
1.Whatisspecialaboutthemotherrobot?
A.Itcananalyzedata
B.Itcancreatechildrobots
C.It’ssmarterthanhumanmothers
D.Itcanbuildandimproveitsownchildren.
2.Howdoesthemotherrobotmoldherownchildrentobebetter?
A.Itteachersthemhowtobehavebetter.
B.Itreprogramsthebadonesafteranalyzingtheirperformance
C.Itcopieshundredsofchildrobotsandthenchoosesthebestones.
D.Itkeepsthegoodcharactersforthenextgenerationtocreateabetterrobot.
3.Whatisthekeypointininfluencingthechildrobottoreceiveareward?
A.SizeB.Distance.
C.BehaviorD.Speed.
B
Takingashowerisrelaxing.Youcanhumasong,daydreamorthinkaboutnothing,leavingtherealworldbehindyou.Butdidyouknowthatshoweringcanalsobenefityourmind?
AresearchbyScottBarryKaufman,apsychologistfromYaleUniversityintheUSinterviewedover3,000peoplearoundtheworld.Itturnedoutthatnearlytwo-thirdsoftheintervieweessaidtheyhadexperiencednewideasintheshowerandweremorelikelytohavethemintheshowerthanatwork.
Sowhydoesasimpleshowerhavesuchmagicpower?
Sciencecanexplainit.
Showeringcanhelptoraiseourlevelofdopamine,ahormone(荷尔蒙)closelyrelatedtoourcreativity.“Peoplevaryintermsoftheirlevelofcreativityaccordingtotheactivityofdopamine”,explainedAliceFlaherty,afamousAmericanneuroscientist.“Takingawarmshowercanmakeusfeelrelaxedandthereforemakethedopaminelevelriseandbring‘Aha!
'momenttous.”
Besidesthechemicalchanges,showeringmaygiveyouabreakfromwhatyoufeelyouhavebeenstuckwith.Especiallywhenyouhavethoughthardalldayaboutaproblem,jumpingintotheshowercankeepyoufromtheoutsideworldsothatyoucanfocusonyourinnerfeelingsandmemories.Inthisway,accordingtoAmericanpsychologistShelleyH.Carson,authorofYourCreativeBrain,“ashoweringhourmayturnintoan‘incubation(孵化)period’foryourideas.”
Comparedwithsittinginfrontofacomputer,takingashowerissomethingwedolessfrequentlyinourdailylife.Whenshowering,wegetafreshexperiencewiththechangeoflocation,temperatureandhumidity.“Newandunexpectedexperiencescanleadtopositivechangesinthinking,”explainedKaufman.“Gettingoffthecouchandjumpingintheshowermaycreateadistanceandforceyoutothinkfromanewpointofview.”
Showeringallowsustoenjoythecreativejuicesofourminds,butitneedn'tjustbethebathroomwhereyougetyourinspiration.Forinstance,GertrudeStein,afemaleAmericanwriterandpoet,gotnewideasbydrivingaroundafarmandstoppingatdifferentcowsuntilshefoundtheonethatmostinspiredher.Sotrytocreateyourownwaytofreeyourmind,whetherit'sawalkneartheocean,acountrydriveorreadingabookathome.
4.Accordingtothearticle,whatchangescanshoweringcause?
A.Bringingtheterriblemomenttous.
B.Increasingthelevelofdopamine.
C.Leadingtoboredomortiredness.
D.Settingthecreativepartofthebrainfree.
5.Ifonehasfocusedonsomethingallday,showeringcanhelp_______.
A.tur
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