《德伯家的苔丝》与《嘉莉妹妹》中女主角命运不同的比较.docx
- 文档编号:26045385
- 上传时间:2023-06-17
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:21
- 大小:38.13KB
《德伯家的苔丝》与《嘉莉妹妹》中女主角命运不同的比较.docx
《《德伯家的苔丝》与《嘉莉妹妹》中女主角命运不同的比较.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《《德伯家的苔丝》与《嘉莉妹妹》中女主角命运不同的比较.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
《德伯家的苔丝》与《嘉莉妹妹》中女主角命运不同的比较
毕业论文
TheComparisonBetweentheDifferentFatesofHeroinesof"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"and"SisterCarrie"
《德伯家的苔丝》与《嘉莉妹妹》中女主角命运不同的比较
教务处制
Abstract:
"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"and"SisterCarrie"aretwomajormasterpieceswrittenbyThomasHardyandTheodoreDreiserrespectively.Inthesetwonovels,theheroinesaregirlsfromruralareas.Theauthorsdescribethehardlivesoftheheroinesinthesocietywhichisdominatedbymen.Theyhavesimilaroriginbutverydifferentfates.Firstly,thisthesisintroducesThomasHardyandhiswork"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"andTheodoreDreiserandhiswork"SisterCarrie"separately.Furthermore,Iwillmakeacomparisonabouttheirfatesofthetwoleadingladiesofthesetwoworks,mainlyfromtheirpersonalitytraits,socialbackground,viewsoflove.Whydotheyshareasimilarfateatthebeginningbuthavedifferentending.
Keywords:
Tess;Carrie;comparison;differentfates
Contents
Introduction
Inthelate19thcentury,ThomasHardypublished"TessoftheD'Urbervilles".Today,manyscholarscommentonthecharacterofTessandherlove-lifeonlythroughthereligion,socialbackground,andtheauthor'sfatalism,etc.Therearesomecertainlimitationstoanalyzeinsuchaway.Therefore,thisthesisattemptstohaveacomparativeanalysisoftheheroinesof"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"and"SisterCarrie"whichwrittenbyTheodoreDreiserandpublishedintheearly20thcentury.
Both"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"and"SisterCarrie"werewrittenintheperiodofcapitalism.Coincidentally,thetwowriterschoosethebeautifulpuregirlsastheirheroines.Theygiveusanunforgettableimpressionatfirstsightwithbeautifulappearancesandalocalflavorofinnocencewhentheyappear.Theyallcomefromthepoorpeasantry,whichsendthemtothebottomofthecapitalistsociety.Nevertheless,theyareeagertoliveabetterlife.Thetwoinnocentheroinestakethefirststeptowardcommunitybravely.Eventhoughtheymakeagreatefforttolivewellandevenatthecostofthelife,theharshsocialrealitydoesnotgivethemagoodresulttheydesired.Onthecontrary,theyfalltobethesacrificiallambsofthecapitalism.Facedwiththeharshsocialreality,thetwoheroinesmakedifferentchoices.Tessstickstoherprinciples-purelove,kindnessbuteventuallysheisengulfedbythedevilofthecommunity;whileCarriechoosestofollowtheAmericanconsumersociety,inordertoliveabetterlife,shegivesupthecherishedvirtuesandprinciplesofthetraditionalsociety.Whydotheyhaveasimilarstartbutdifferentdestinies?
1TwoWorksandtheAuthors
1.1ThomasHardyand"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"
1.1.1ThomasHardy
ThomasHardyisaBritishwriterofthelateVictorianera.HewasbornonJune2,1840,inaruralregionofsouthwesternEnglandandeducatedinlocalschools(Kramer,2002:
2).Heenteredafirmspecializinginecclesiasticalarchitecture,winningtheArchitecturalAssociationprizefordesignin1863.Hebeganwritingverseandessaysin1861.Hisfirstshortstorywaspublishedin1865.Manyofhisfirstnovelswerepublishedin1871.In1874hisnovelFarFromtheMaddingCrowdwasacommercialsuccess,allowinghimtotakeupwritingasthefull-timejob.
Ononehand,helivedatatimewhenBritaintransferredfromcapitalismtoimperialism.AlthoughitcreatedaprosperouseconomyintheBritishcapitalism,thelowerclassranintolifedifficulties.Therefore,inhisworks,hesharplyexposeshypocrisyandcrueltyandsympathizeswiththepoorfacingthetragicfate.
Ontheotherhand,HardyspenthisteenageyearsinthetownofWessex,sohisworkhasacleardemonstrationofrurallife.Oneofhisgreatestachievementsliesintheportrayalofnature,whichinvolvesthepowerandvastnessofnatureanddemonstratesthesubtleandexquisitedetails.Anothergreatachievementisthatthosedramaticandsometimestragiceventshappenedinasmallsocialcircle.Asiswellknowntoall,hehasahighmoralsensitivityandisgoodatexpressingruralyoungwomenpurebutoftencontroversial.Hismostprominentrepresentativeis"TessoftheD'Urbervilles",whichisenvelopedinthewholepessimismandhighlightshisCriticism.Therefore,hisworksreflecthissocialpessimismandasenseoftragedyinhumanlife.
1.1.2"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"
WrittenbyThomasHardyin1891,"TessoftheD'Urbervilles"isatragicwork,whichisaboutthetragicfateofheroineTess,asixteenyearsoldandbeautifulpeasantgirl.ThenovelbeginswithalateeveninginMay;JohnD’Urbervilles(Tess'sfather)istoldthatheisthedescendantoftheancientandknightlyfamilyoftheD'Urbervilles.Thissuddennewsmakesthispoorruralpedlarhappy,andthenhegoestoapublichouseandspendsallhismoneydrinkingtocelebratehisnobleblood.Infactheisavain,short-sightedman.Whenhishorseiskilledbyamailmart,hedriveshis16-year-olddaughter,TessD'UrbervillestoTrantridgetoclaimkinshipwithrichbutspuriousD'Urbervillestoreceivefinancialassistance.Infact,theoldwealthywomanhasnorelationswithD'Urbervilles.Herhomestartsbypracticingusuryandmovesherefromthenorth.Inordertoimprovetheiridentityandstatus,shegetsthefamilynamefromthemuseum.Becauseofthepovertyoffamilyandinsistenceofhisparents,Tessthinksthatsheistheeldestdaughterathomeandbearsfamilyresponsibility,soshehastoworkinthemanorfarm.
Unfortunately,sheisseducedbytheyoungmasterofthehouse,AlecD'Urbervilles.ButTessdisgustsAlecandthenshereturnshome.Thematterdoesnothelphertowinthesympathyofthecommunity,what’sworse;sheissubjectedtoridiculeandaccusations.Soonaftershegivesbirthtoababy,thebabydiesininfancy.Withthepainandpoverty,shegoestothesouthasamilkfactoryworker.There,Tessmeetsherlifetimelover,AngelClare.Heisagentle,knowledgeable,andanti-feudalman,whofallsinlovewithTess.Andatthistime,Tess'sideasarefullofcontradictory.Ononehand,shegetsagoodsensefromAngel;ontheotherhandsheissadthatshelosesvirginityandisnotworthytobehiswife.Butintheend,astronglovedefeatstheremorseofpast,theygetmarried.Ontheweddingnight,Tessconfessesherself"sin"andhopesthattheopen-mindedAngelwillforgiveher,butheabandonsTessruthlesslyandleavesforBrazil,eventhoughhehimselfhasanexperiencewithabadwoman.Tess'sheartisbrokenforbeingabandonedbutshehopesthatherhusbandwillchangehismindandcomeback.
Tosupportherfamily,shehastoslaveawayonadistantfarm.Oneday,sheistoldthatAlecbecomesapriest,whopreachestocrowdsonprinciple.AlecentanglesTessandshamelessattemptstocohabitatewithher.Tessisveryangryandfrightened,andthenshewritesalonglettertobegAngeltoreturnquicklybutinvain.Ontheonehand,becauseofthedeathofTess'sfatherandsicknessofhermother,herfamilydescendsonthestreets;TesshastoagreewithAleccohabitation.Whilebeyondthesea,AngelisinthestateofpovertyandillhealthinBrazil,soheregretsabandoningTessanddecidestoreturntoEnglandwithTessreconciled.Angel'sback,likearazorawakesTessfromthestateofnumbness.Indesperation,shekillsAlecandcatchesupwithAngel.Inthewildernessdesert,theyspendfivehappydaystogether.Intheend,shehangsinthegallows.
1.2TheodoreDreiserand"SisterCarrie"
1.2.1TheodoreDreiser
TheodoreDreiserwasborninTerreHaute,Indiana,theninthoftenchildren.Hisparentsarepoor.Inthe1860shisfather,adevoutCatholicGermanimmigrant,hadattemptedtoestablishhisownwoolenmill,butafteritwasdestroyedinafire,thefamilylivedinpoverty.Dreiser’sschoolingwaserratic,asthefamilymovedfromtowntotown.Althoughhewasverypooratthattime,hewasavoraciousreaderandtheimpactofsuchwritersasHawthorne,Poe,Balzac,Freudandsoon.Therefore,HeisaprominentwriterandpioneerofmodernAmericanfictionanddescribesaccuratelythenewAmericancitylife.
In1945,heappliedtojointheAmericanCommunistParty,therefore,heisknownasthesocialisttendenciesofAmericanrealist.Hehasmanyloyalfollowers,includingevenhiscontemporaries’famouswriterssuchasSherwoodAnderson.
DreiseristhefirstimpoverishedwriterfromtheunderworldinAmericanLiterature.Hehasstruggledinthebottomofsociety.Whenhewasyoung,hewasanewspaperreporterandeditor,heoftentraveledsomemajorcitiessuchasChicago,St.Louis,Toledoandsoon,soheaccessedtotherealityoflifeatvariouslevelsandwitnessedslums,alcoholism,pornography,murder,robbery,etc.Thus,inhisworks,hewantstoexposethedisparityofwealthinAmericansociety,moralbankruptcyofthenovel"SisterCarrie"(1900),"JennieGerhardt"(1911).
Hedescribeslifeaswecansee-realandneverpretending.InthefieldofAmericanfiction,heturnstimidandgentlestyleintheVictorianeratothestylesofloyal,boldandpassionate.Therefore,theUnitedStatescriticsthinkthatDreiserisloyaltolifeandhiswritingstyleisinnovativewhichbringsaboutarevolutioninAmericanliterature.
1.2.2"SisterCarrie"
Thebackgroundof"SisterCarrie"istwomajorU.S.cities-ChicagoandNewYorkbetweenthe1880sandearlythe1990s.Itdescribesasimple,naivegirlfromthecountrysidemovingtothecity.Shegetstoseethefinalsuccessbutemptinessinherheartaftersufferingthetrials.ThestorybeginswitharuralgirlCarrie,carryingasmallsuitcasewithapieceofpaperwithhersister’saddresswritten.CometoChicagopassionately,shehopesthatshecanbearichwomanint
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 德伯家的苔丝 嘉莉妹妹 德伯家 妹妹 女主角 命运 不同 比较