高考英语一轮复习名词性从句.docx
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高考英语一轮复习名词性从句.docx
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高考英语一轮复习名词性从句
名词性从句
一.真题演练
1.(2019全国1卷)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence_____therangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.
2.(2019北京高考)Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan________theygo.
3.(2018全国2卷)Iamnotsure______whoismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.
4.(2020全国1卷)Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot_____itcouldsendsignalstospacecraftandtoearth.
二.复合句:
主句+从句
名词性从句
定语从句
状语从句
练习:
下面的句子是什么从句
1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom.
2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome.
3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica.
NounClauses1.SubjectClause
(主语从句)
(名词性从句)2.ObjectClause
(宾语从句)
3.PredicativeClause
(表语从句)
4.AppositiveClause
(同位语从句)
名词性从句的作用相当于__________,因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
练习:
标出下列名词性从句,并指出是什么名词性从句。
1.Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown..
2.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.
3.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.
4.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting
三.名词性从句考点归纳
1.引导词
2.语序问题
3.时态问题
4.主谓一致问题
5.名词性从句中的虚拟语气
6.it做形式主语、形式宾语的用法
7.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
名词性从句的引导词
(1)从属连词1._____________
2._____________
3.______________
(2)连接代词1._____________
2.______________
3.______________
4.______________
1.______________
2.______________
(3)连接副词3._____________
4.______________
练习Ⅰ.Discoveringusefulstructures:
请将每句中的名词性从句标上下划线,并标出连接词、体会从句所做的成分、语序、时态。
1.Thatfashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.
2.Ithasbeenprovedthateatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.
3.WhatmattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.
4.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestionswhoeverhadusedtheproducts.
5.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyideawherethepartyistobeheld?
6.Wedon’tknowwhosekeysthoseare.
7.I’mafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichiswhyheneverfinishesanything.
8.Heiswonderingwhenhecanfinishthisdifficultjob.
9.Whendoyouthinkhewillcome?
10.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.
11.Theteacheraskedif/whetherwehadfinishedtheexperiment.
12.Scientistsstudyhowhumanbrainsworktomakecomputers.
自我归纳:
(Summing-up)
1.名词性从句是指:
在复合句中起_________作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括_________、_________、_________和_________,可分别作主句的主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
名词性从句是英语三大从句之一,即:
形容词性从句(即_______),副词性从句(即_______),和名词性从句。
2.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类
连接词:
that,whether,if(在从句中不充当成分)
连接代词:
what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which,whichever.(在从句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语)
连接副词:
when,where,how,why(在从句中作状语,有时亦可作表语)
3.①名词性从句在从句中为_________语序。
②特殊疑问词+doyouthink/suppose/believe/expect+_____语序。
如句(9)。
Ⅱ.SummarizingKeyPoints:
一、主语从句在句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。
1、that,whether引导
①______heisstillaliveisawonder.
②_____suddenlyoccurredtohim______hehadlefthiskeyintheoffice.
③_____isnolongeraquestionnow_______mancanlandonthemoon.
④_____wassaid________onlythreepeopleintheworldcouldunderstandEinstein’stheoryatthattime.
⑤Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclear_______theshapewouldlastornot.
2、连接代词引导
①_______broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.
②________comesiswelcome.
③_________ofyoucomesinfirstwillreceiveaprize.
④________itwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
3、连接副词引导
①______wearrivedoesn’tmatter.
②_______thedinosaursdisappearedsuddenlystillremainsapuzzle.
二、宾语从句在句中充当宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。
1.由连接词that,if,whether引导的宾语从句
①Ithink(_____)womencanreachveryhighachievementsinmanyfieldsofscience.
②Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon________thisproblemcanbesolved.
③Hesuggested(________)we(should)setoffasearlyaspossible.
④Ithink_____necessary_______wedrinkenoughwatereveryday.
⑤Hetoldme(_____)hehadtwosonsand______theybothhadgonetocollege.
2.由连接代词引导的宾语从句
①Amoderncityhasbeensetupin________wasawastelandtenyearsago.
②Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_________sharesherinterests.
③I’lljustsay_________comesintomymind.
④Eat________cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor__________comesinlate.
⑤TherearesomanygoodmagazinesthatIdon’tknow_________Ishouldchoose.
⑥Wedon’tknow_______willtakehisplace.
3.由连接副词引导的宾语从句
①Nooneknows______theearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.
②Couldyoutellme_____youwerelateforthemeetingthismorning?
③Ihateit_______peopletalkwiththeirmouthfulloffood.
三、表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。
1、that,whether,because,asif/though引导
①Itseems______therearepeoplefromallovertheworldlivinghere.
②Thequestionis________itisworthdoing.
③Itlooked______________itwasgoingtosnow.
④Thisisprobably_________theyareoftenveryconfident.
⑤Thereasonhecamelatewasthathegotuplate.
2、连接代词引导
①Theproblemis______willtakechargeofthisshop.
②Heisnot_______heusedtobeafewyearsago.
③Mysuggestionis_______you(should)readasmuchEnglishaspossible.
3、连接副词引导
①Thatis________IrealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.
②Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?
That’s_______thebestjobsare.
四、同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。
可用于同位语从句的名词有fact、idea、news、word(消息)、information、truth、doubt、wish、hope、promise、message、advice、suggestion、request、demand、order、problem、question、evidence、proof、sign等。
例如:
1.由连接词that,whether引导的同位语从句
①Thethought______theycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.
②Doyouhaveanyidea______heiscomingornot?
③Therearesigns_______morepeoplewilllearnEnglish.
2.由连接代词引导的同位语从句
①Ihavenoidea______he’stalkingabout.
②Thequestion______shoulddothejobrequiresconsideration.
3.由连接副词引导的同位语从句
①Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestion_______wearegoingtospendtheholiday.
②Ihavenoidea________hedidit.
五.用法
一、that
从属连词that本身无意义,在名词性从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用。
1、宾语从句
LinTaofeels(______)hisownteamisevenbetter.
Everyoneknewwhathappenedand____shewasworried.
Thereasonliesin_____sheworksharderthantheothersdo.
Ithinkitnecessary________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.
规则一:
1.当宾语从句由连词that引导,that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略:
(1)当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时,第二个that不能省;
(2)当that从句作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。
(3)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句,that不可省掉。
温馨提示:
在主句为动词be加某些形容词(如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等)作表语时,后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。
I’msorry(_____)Idon’tknow.
We’resure(______)ourteamwillwin.
I’mafraid(____)hewon’tpasstheexam.
练习
1.____________________iscertain.
(我们将迟到了)
2.________________________isapity.
(你错过了这次机会)
Mydreamis_____________________________
(我将来有我自己的公司)
4.I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessage
__________________________________________
(他今天下午不能来看你了)
规则二:
当主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句由连词that引导时,that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,但是不可以省略。
2、whether/if
1.Iaskedher____________shehadabike.
2.We’reworriedabout_________heissafe.
3.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.
4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.
5.Idon’tknow__________togo.
6.________themeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.
7._________heisfreenowiscertain.
8.Theproblemis___________wecangetthereontime.
9.Hemustanswerthequestion__________heagreestoitornot.
规则:
1.宾语从句由连词whether或if引导,表“是否”,常可互换,不能省略。
2.if/whether的区别:
1)当有ornot时就用whether,不用if.
2)介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.
3)whether可与动词不定式连用,if不能。
4)主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中,只能用whether,不能用if.
三、what
1.______hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.
2.Heisnolonger_____hewas.
3.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____wasawastelandtenyearsago.
4.After______seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.
5.Ourincomeisnowdouble______itwastenyearsago.
6.Doyouknow______hesaidjustnow?
规则:
what引导名词性从句,除了表示“什么”,还可以表示:
表示“……的东西或事情”;“……的人或的样子”(身份或地位)
“…的地方”;“…的时间”;“…的数量或数目”。
练习
1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______itis.去看看是谁
2.________________________oughttoturnoffthelight.任何最后离开房间的人应该把灯关掉。
3.Hisquestionis____________________atEnglish他的问题是哪个学生英语最好。
4Take________________.哪个最喜欢就拿哪个。
5.Couldyoushowme_____Icanreachthestation?
我怎样到达车站
6.Thatwas____weovercamethedifficulties我们就是这样克服困难的.
7.Ihavenoidea______hehasgone他去了哪里
8.Thisis_______Idisagree.这就是我不同意的地方
9.Thisis_____shegotupsoearlythismorning.这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.
10._____hedidn’tcome他为什么没有来isstillunknowntous.
11.__________________________isunderdiscussion我们什么时候开始开会……
规则:
Wh-引导表语从句时,它们通常不含有疑问意义,而是分别体现具体的地点、时间、原因和
方式。
六.名词性从句的语序
名词性从句中,除了连接词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序。
1.Hisbrotherasks_________________thelibrary.……他什么时候去图书馆
2.Idon’tknow____________________withhim.他出了什么麻烦
七.名词性从句的时态
1.Hesaidthathe_______(will)gotothestation.
2.Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight__________(travel)fasterthansound.
3.TomsaysthatMary____(go)abroadlastyearand_________(be)therefornearly5months.
总结归纳:
a
.b
C
8.名词性从句的主谓一致
1.Whenthemeetingwillbegin_____(have)notbeendecidedyet.
2.Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_____(be)stillunknown.
3.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_____(have)notbeendecidedyet.
总结归纳:
单个的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用_____形式。
如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用_____形式。
由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句,谓语动词用_____形式。
9.名词性从句(主)的虚拟语气
1.Itisorderedthathe___________(take)theexamination.
2.Itisstrangethathe_____(tell)youthis.
基本句型:
Itis+形容词、名词、过去分词+that...+(should)do
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