职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案.docx
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职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案.docx
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职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案
2011年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1-15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactonourlives.
A.effortB.problem
C.influenceD.concern
2.Shealwaysfindsfaultwitheverything,
AcriticizesBsimplifies
CevaluatesDexamines
3.Weneedtoextracttherelevantfinancialdata.
AstoreBsave
CreviewDobtain
4.Wehavetoactwithintheexistinglegalframework.
AlimitBsystem
CprocedureDstatus
5.Theyconvertedthesparebedroomintoanoffice.
AreducedBturned
CmovedDreformed
6.Andersonleftthetable,remarkingthathehadsomeworktodo.
AdoubtingBthinking
CsayingDknowing
7.Mr.Henleyhasacceleratedhissaleofsharesoverthepastyear.
A.heldB.expect
Coffered.Dincreased
8.Hisshoeswereshinedtoperfection.
A.clearedBpolished
CwashedDmended
9.Weexploredthepossibilityofexpansionattheconference.
A.offeredBincluded
CacceptedDinvestigated
10.Atthattime,wedidnotfullygraspthesignificanceofwhathadhappened.
AgiveBunderstand
CattachDlose
11.Theviewfrommybedroomwindowwasabsolutelyspectacular.
AgeneralBtraditional
CmagnificentDstrong
12.Marshaconfessedthatsheknewnothingofcomputer.
AreportedBadmitted
ChopedDanswered
13.Thestudyalsonotesasteadydeclineinthenumberofcollegestudentstakingsciencecourses.
ArelativeBgeneral
CcontinuousDsharp
14.Janesaidthatshecouldn’ttoleratethelonghours.
AspendBtake
ClastDstand
15.Thepolicebelievethemotiveforthemurderwasmoney.(红色部分单词待定,不影响答案)
AreasonBchoice
CideaDdecision
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没
有提及,请选择C。
Lakes,Too,FeelGlobalWarming
There’snodoubt:
Inthelastfewdecades,theaveragetemperatureonEarthhasbeenhigherthanit’sbeeninhundredsofyears.Aroundtheworld,peoplearestartingtomeasuretheeffectsofglobalwarming—andtryingtofigureoutwhattodoaboutit.
Scientistsrecentlyusedsatellitestostudythetemperaturesoflakesaroundtheworld,andtheyfoundthatlakesareheatingup.Between1985and2009,satellitesrecordedthenighttimetemperaturesofthesurfacesof167lakes.Duringthose24years,thelakesgotwarmer—byanaverageofabout0.045degreeCelsiusperyear.
Insomeplaces,lakeshavebeenwarmingbyasmuchas0.10degreeCelsiusperyear.Atthatrate,alakemaywarmbyafulldegreeCelsius,or1.8degreesFahrenheit,injust10years.Thatdifferencemayseemsmall—youmightnotevennoticeitinyourbathtub.Butinalake,slightlywarmertemperaturescouldmeanmorealgae,andalgaecanmakethelakepoisonoustofish.
ThescientistswhodidthestudyworkforNASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratoryattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena.TheyreportthatlakesseemtobewarmingfasterinthenorthernpartsoftheNorthernHemisphere.IntheUnitedStates,lakesinthesouthwesternpartofthecountrywarmedfasterthandidtheGreatLakesinthenorth.
Thestudyshowsthatinsomeregions,lakesarewarmingfasterthantheairaroundthem.ThisisimportantbecausescientistsoftenusemeasurementsofairtemperaturetostudyhowtheEarthiswarming.Byusinglaketemperaturesaswell,scientistscangetabetterpictureofglobalwarming.
Thescientistssaydataonlakesgivescientistsanewwaytomeasuretheimpactofclimatechangearoundtheworld.
That’sgoingtobeuseful,sincenocountryistoobigortoosmalltoignoreclimatechange.
Scientistsaren’ttheonlyonesconcerned.EveryonewholivesonEarthisgoingtobeaffectedbytherapidwarmingoftheplanet.Manyworldleadersbelievewemightbeabletodosomethingaboutit,especiallybyreducingtheamountofgreenhousegasesweputintotheair.
That’swhytheUnitedNationsstartedtheFrameworkConventiononClimateChange,orUNFCCC.Everyyeartheconventionmeets,andrepresentativesfrom
countriesaroundtheworldgathertotalkaboutclimatechangeanddiscussglobalsolutionstothechallengesofawarmingworld.
16.Scientisthavebeenkeepingrecordsoflaketemperaturesforover30years.
A)Right
B)Wrong
C)Notmentioned
17.Thetemperaturesoflakesaroundtheworldhaveincreasedgreatlybetween1985and2009.
A)Right
B)Wrong
C)Notmentioned
18.LakesseemtobewarmingfasterinAsia.
A)Right
B)Wrong
C)Notmentioned
19.Aslighttemperatureincreaseinalakecouldbeharmfultofish.
A)Right
B)Wrong
C)Notmentioned
20.Scientistsgenerallyfocusonairtemperatureswhenstudyingglobalwarming.
A)Right
B)Wrong
C)Notmentioned
21.Globlewarmingislessthreateningtosmallcountries.
A)Right
B)Wrong
C)Notmentioned
22.UNFCCC’sannualmeetingwillbeheldinMexicothisyear.
A)Right
B)Wrong
C)Notmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Theipad
1.TheiPadisatabletcomputerdesigned,developedandmarketedbyAppleprimarilyasaplatformforaudio-visualmediaincludingbooks,periodicals,movies,music,games,andwebcontent.Atabout1.5pounds(680grams),itssizeandweightfallbetweenthoseofcontemporarysmartphonesandlaptopcomputers.ApplereleasedtheiPadinApril2010,andsold3millionofthedevicesin80days.
2.TheiPadrunsthesameoperatingsystemastheiPodTouchandiPhone─andcanrunitsownapplicationsaswellasiPhoneapplications.Withoutmodification,andwiththeexceptionofwebapplications,itwillonlyrunprogramsapprovedbyAppleanddistributedviaitsonlinestore.
3.LikeiPhoneandiPodTouch,theiPadiscontrolledbyamultitouchdisplay─adeparturefrommostprevioustabletcomputers,whichusedapressure-triggeredstylus─aswellasavirtualonscreenkeyboardinlieuofaphysicalkeyboard.TheiPadusesaWi-FidataconnectiontobrowsetheInternet,loadandstreammedia,andinstallsoftware.Somemodelsalsohavea3GwirelessdataconnectionwhichcanconnecttoHSPAdatanetworks.ThedeviceismanagedandsyncedbyiTunesonapersonalcomputerviaUSBcable.
4.Anipadhasdifferentfeaturesandapplicationsonecanusetoexecutedifferentandinterestingthings.Thereanrlotsofipadapplicationsthattheownercanusetoenhancethewaytheycommunicate.Someofthesearehowtousesocialnetworkingsitesandotheronlineoptions.Oneofthemostcommonusesisfore-mailservices.ipadapplicationslideMarkdownMailallowtheadoptionofspecifieandparticularoptions.Theyenabletheownertopersonalizetheiremailaccounts.
5.Whiletheipadismostlyusedbyconsumersitalsohasbeentakenupbybusinessusers.Somecompaniesareadoptingipadsintheirbusinessofficesbydistributingormakingavailableipadstoemployees.Examplesofusesintheworkplaceincludelawyersrespondingtoclients,medicalprofessionalsaccessinghealthrecordsduringpatientexams,andmanagersapprovingemployeereauests.AsurveybyFrost&Sullivanshowsthatipadusageinworkplacesislinkedtothegoalsofincreasedemployeeproductivity,reducedpaperwork,andincreasedrevenue.
23.paragraph2
24.paragraph3
25.paragraph4
26.paragraph5
A.DifferencefromiPhone.
B.OperatingSystem.
C.OnlineStores.
D.FeatureandApplication.
E.BusinessUsage.
F.DisplayandDataConnection.
27.InApril2010theipaddevelopedbyApplewas
28.TheipadwillonlyrunprogramsapprovedbyAppleifnot
29.Ipadapplicationsenabletheowner’semailaccountstobe
30.Ipadusageinofficeenablesemployeeproductivitytobe
A.increased
B.released
C.modified
D.distributed
E.browsed
F.personalized
LongerLivesforWildElephants(B级)
Mostpeoplethinkofzoosassafeplacesforanimals,wherestragglessuchasdifficultyfindingfoodandavoidingpredatorsdon'texist.Withoutsuchproblems,animalsinzoosshouldlivetoaripeoldage1.
Butthatmaynotbetruefor2thelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Scientistshaveknownthatelephantsinzoosoftensufferfrompoorhealth.Theydevelopdiseases.jointproblemsandbehaviorchanges.Sometimes,theyevenbecomeinfertile,orunabletohavebabies.
Tolearnmoreabouthowcaptivityaffectselephants,ateamofinternationalscientistscomparedthelifespansoffemaleelephantsborninzooswithfemaleelephantslivingoutdoorsintheirnativelands.Zooskeepdetailedrecordsofalltheanimalsintheircare,documentingfactorssuchasbirthdates,illnesses,weightanddeath.Theserecordsmadeitpossiblefortheresearcherstoanalyze40yearsofdataon800AfricanandAsianelephantsinzoosacrossEurope.Thescientistscomparedthelifespansofthezoo-bornelephantswiththelifespansofthousandsoffemalewildelephantsinAfricaandAsianelephantsthatworkinloggingcamps3,overapproximatelythesametimeperiod.
TheteamfoundthatfemaleAfricanelephantsborninzooslivedanaverageof16.9years.Theirwildcounterpartswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedanaverageof56years—morethanthreetimesaslong.FemaleAsianelephantsfollowedasimilarpattern.Inzoos,theylived18.9years,whilethoseintheloggingcampslived41.7years.
Scientistsdon'tyetknowwhywildelephantsseemtofaresomuchbetterthantheirzoo-raisedcounterparts.GeorgiaMason,abiologistattheUniversityofGuelphinCanadawholedthestudy,thinksstressandobesitymaybetoblame4.Zooelephantsdon'tgetthesamekindofexercisetheywouldinthewild,andmostareveryfat.Elephantsociallivesarealsomuchdifferentinzoosthaninthewild.wheretheyliveinlargeherdsandfamilygroups.
AnotherfindingfromthestudyshowedthatAsianelephantsborninzooswere
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