高中英语必修5知识点汇总附语法.docx
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高中英语必修5知识点汇总附语法.docx
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高中英语必修5知识点汇总附语法
高中英语必修五
Unit1:
重点短语
putforwarddrawaconclusionbe/getundercontrolexpose…to…betoblameblamesb.forsth.inadditionlink...to...dieof/fromleadtomakesenseapartfromcontributetobeenthusiasticaboutbecuriousaboutpointofview(be)strictwithsb.lookintothousandsofbedeterminedtodo
重点句子
1.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon–sofamous,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician..
2.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.
3. Firsthemarkedonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthedeadpeoplelived.
4. Heknewitwouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.
5. Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthatpossiblyexplainedhowcholerakilledpeople.
6.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.
Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.
7.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense(有意义).
8.YetCopernicus’theoryisnowthebasisonwhichallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.
9.HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.
10.…hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.
11.YethecouldnottellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhim….
12.Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit,graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.
13.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.
14.…,soheonlypublisheditashelaydyingin1543.
15.TheChristianChurchrejectedhistheory,sayingitwasagainstGod’sideaandpeoplewhosupporteditwouldbeattacked.
重点词汇
1、putforward:
提出(计划、建议等);将…提前;把钟表拨快
putaway:
收起来;贮存,储蓄
putdown:
放下;写下,记下
putoff:
推迟;延期
puton:
穿上;增加;上演(戏剧)
putup:
张贴;撑开(帐篷)
putonweight:
增加了体重
putonanewplay:
上演新戏剧
putupaposter:
张贴海报
putupatent:
搭起帐篷
2、conclude:
vt.作结论,断定conclusion:
n.结论
Thejuryconcludedthathewasguilty.陪审团认定他有罪。
★drawaconclusion作出结论
3、defeatvt.打败,击败,战胜;使(希望,计划等)失败,挫败;
阻挠,使无效
defeat指“赢得胜利”,尤其指“军事上的胜利”。
conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”。
overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言。
defeattheenemy打败敌人conquernature征服自然。
overcomedifficulties克服困难
4.attend:
v.
1)tobepresentat;goto(meeting,conference,lecture...)出席;参加
2)tolookafter,carefor,serve照顾;看护。
3)togowith伴随
Hedecidedtoattendthemeetinghimself.他决定亲自赴会。
Whichdoctorisattendingto(on)you?
哪位医生护理你?
Theworkwasattendedwithmuchdifficulty.这项工作带来许多困难。
5、expose...to...把。
。
。
暴露给。
。
。
Don'texposeyourskintothesunfortoolong.
Theyhadtobeexposedtotheenemy'sgunfire.他们只得冒着敌人的炮火。
6、blamesb.forsth.因为某事责备某人
★betoblame:
应受责备,应负责任
Whoistoblameforthemistake?
这个错误应归咎于谁?
Heblamedtheboyforhismistake.
7、inaddition:
除此之外,另外,意思相当于besides,what'smore.
inadditionto:
除…之外,还有…,表示递进关系。
except:
除…之外,表示在整体中排除,
besides:
表示“除了……以外,还有……”,与inadditionto同义。
beside:
在…旁边。
表示方位。
Thecompanyprovidedtheworkerswithfreelunchinadditiontopaid
holidays.这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期,还有免费午餐。
Ipaid100Yuaninaddition.我又付了100元。
InadditiontoEnglish,hehastostudyasecondlanguage.
除了英语以外,他还要学习第二外国语。
Everyoneexceptmegotaninvitation.除了我以外,所有人都收到了请柬.
BesidesMrWang,wealsowenttoseethefilm.王先生也去了。
Weallagreedbesideshim.我们都同意,他也同意。
Lilysitsbesidemeinclass.莉莉在班上做我旁边
同义句转换
1)HespeaksFrenchaswellasEnglish.
HespeaksFrenchinadditionto/besidesEnglish.
2)Apartfromthesalary,it’snotabadjob.
Inadditionto/Exceptthesalary,it’snotabadjob.
8、announcevt公布;宣告makeanannouncement宣告
announceone’sdecision宣布...的决定
9、absorbvt.absorbedadj.专心的,全神贯注的
1)吸收Aspongeabsorbswater.海绵吸水。
2)专心于★beabsorbedin(doing)sth:
专心于。
。
。
,全神贯注地干。
。
。
Thelittlegirlwasabsorbedinreadingatale.
10、challengen.挑战;挑战书;邀请比赛;要求决斗
vt.向...挑战,要求,怀疑;
vi.挑战,对(证据等)表示异议
meettheseriouschallenge面对严峻挑战
Unit2:
重点短语
consistoftoone’ssurprisebreakawayfrom
breakdownmakealistofinmemoryof
feelproudofrefertolink…to….
onspecialoccasionstaketheplaceofleaveout
haveaninfluenceonatyourconvenienceaswell
in/withrelationtounderconstructiontotheircredit
findoutonshowfeelproudof
重点句子
1. Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.
2. Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth.
3. YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile.
4. Worriedaboutthetimeavailable,ZhangPingyuhadmadealistofthesitesshewantedtoseeinLondon.
5. Itlookedsplendidwhenfirstbuilt.
6. Whatinterestedhermostwasthelongitudeline.
7.…soPingyuhadphototakenstandingoneithersideoftheline.
8.ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.
9.Whenshesawmanyvisitorsenjoyinglookingat….
10.TheyfollowedStPaul’sCathedralbuiltaftertheterriblefireofLondonin1666.
11. Totheircredit,thefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas……
重点词汇
1、consistof=bemadeupof由……组成(没有进行时)
2、separate...from...(把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来)
divide...into...把…分开(把整体分为若干部分)
3、debateaboutsth.就......进行辩论debate/argue/quarrel
Theydebateabouttheproposalforthreedays.
4、clarify:
vt./vi.(causesth.to)becomeclearoreasiertounderstand
澄清;阐明;清楚;明了
IhopewhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.
5、belinkedto=beconnectedto/bejoinedto连接
★linkAtoB将A和B连接起来
6、referto
1)提及,指的是……
Whenhesaid“somestudents”,doyouthinkhewasreferringtous?
2)参考;查阅;询问
Pleaserefertothelastpageofthebookforanswers.
3)关系到;关乎;与...有关WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.
Thisrulereferstoeveryone.reference:
n.参考referencebooks参考书
7、toone'ssurprise(prep)使。
。
。
大为惊讶的是
“toone's+名词”表“令某人……”
常见的名词有“delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等
Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitforsale.
ToJohn'sgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.
8、...foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully
“find+宾语+宾补(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介词短语;不定式)”
Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokinginthekitchen.
You'llfindhimeasytogetalongwith.
Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.
WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.
Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.
9、getsthdone=havesthdone使某事被做…….
I'lljustgetthesedisheswashedandthenI'llcome.
get+n.+todoYou'llgethertoagree.
get+n.+doingI'llgetthecargoing.
get(sth)done:
用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生,意为“被…….”
10、breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离;破除…breakawayfrombadhabits.
11、breakdown(会谈)破裂,失败;(汽车等)出故障;
(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控
Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.
Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthenews.
Talksbetweenthetwocountrieshavecompletelybrokendown.
Hiscarbrokedownonthewaytoworkthismorning.
breakin闯入;打岔
breakoff中断,折断
breakinto闯入
breakout爆发;发生
breakup驱散;分散,拆散
12、aswellas不仅…而且;既…又…
13、convenience:
n.方便;便利convenient:
adj.
Weboughtthishouseforitsconvenience.
Ifit’sconvenienttoyou,I’llcallyouatmidnight.
14、attraction:
attract:
vt.
1).吸引;引力(不可数n.)attractionofgravitation重力
2).吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数n.)
Hecan'tresisttheattractionoftheseaonahotday.
Abigcityoffersmanyandvariedattractions.
Whataretheprincipleattractionsthisevening?
15、influence
1)v.对…产生影响
Whatinfluenceyoutochooseacareerinteaching?
2)可数n.产生影响的人或事
Heisoneofthegoodinfluencesintheschool.
3)(不可数n.)影响
Ateacherhasgreatinfluenceoverhispupils.
Unit3:
重点短语
takeupinalldirectionslosesightof/catchsightof
innotimesweepupget/becaughtin
dependonspeedupgiveoff
asaresultsufferfrombesimilarto
innotime onone’sfeetbesupposedtodo
plentyofbeprevioustocompare…with/to…
forhealthreasonsjetlag underrepair
searchfor asthoughshowsbaround
bedisposedofmakeanimpressiononbecauseof
usedtodo
重点句子
1.Theairseemedthinasthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittleoxygenleft.
2.Whynotsitdownandrest?
=Whydon’tyousitdownandrest?
3.IstillcannotbelievethatIamtakingupthisprizethatIwonlastyear.
4.Justrelax,sincethereisnothingplannedonthetimetabletoday.
5.IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseoftoomuchcarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.
6.Icanstillrememberthemomentwhenthespacestewardesscalledusallto….
7.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company,called“FutureTours”,transportedmesafelyinto….
Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
Istaredatthemovingmodelofthewastemachine,absorbedbyitsefficiency.
Describedasanenormousroundplate,itspinsslowlyinspacetoimitatetheearth’sgravity.
重点词汇
1、impressionn.印记;印象;感想;
后接ofsb./ofsth./onsb./that从句;
Myfirstimpressionofhimwasfavourable.他给我的第一印象不错。
Igottheimpressionthattheywereunhappyaboutthesituation.
我觉得他们不满于当时的状况。
2、impressvt.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记;使感动;
impresssth.on/uponsb.
impresssb.withsth.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记;
Itimpressedmethatsherememberedmyname.
令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。
3、remindvt.提醒;使想起;remindern.提醒物;引起回忆的事物
remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事;
remindsb.+(tha
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