CET4写作背诵模板.docx
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CET4写作背诵模板.docx
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CET4写作背诵模板
写作
◆命题形式:
1、提纲式作文:
2、情景式作文:
3、图表式作文:
◆论说文
⏹写作要领:
第一段:
说明现状;
第二段:
列举原因;
第三段:
归纳结论,提出建议,即“提出问题-分析问题-解决问题”的模式。
⏹模板:
1)对立观点型:
就是就某一事物或现象给出两种对立地观点,将两种观点进行比较,然后表明自己地立场和看法。
第一段:
引出有争议的两个观点;
Nowadays,thereisanincreasinginterestin....(点明新热点)
Therefore,thereisahotdebateover....(切入话题)
第二段:
对两个观点分别进行详细的论述,可以分为两小段进行;
Somepeopleareinfavoroftheideaof....(概述一方观点)
Theybelievethat....(详述理由一)
Theyalsoarguethat....(详述理由二)
However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.(概述另一方观点)
Theyconsider....(详述理由一)
What’smore,theyfirmlypointoutthat....(详述理由二)
第三段:
总结、陈述自己的观点。
Thereissometruthinbotharguments.(双方各有道理)
ButIthinktheadvantagesof...overweighthedisadvantages.(但是利大于弊)
Inmyopinion,....(总结自己的观点)
2)道理论证型:
是对某一事物或现象进行分析和论证。
它与对立观点型论说文的最大区别在于前者通常是就某一个明确的观点进行分析和论证,而后者针对两个对立的观点进行对比论证,由作者在最后表明自己的立场。
第一段:
开篇引出题目要求评论的观点,并给出不同看法;
Itistruethat....(指出普遍的观点)
However,....(叙述不同的观点)
第二段:
详细阐述这些看法的立足理由及其优劣之处;
Ithink....(提出自己的观点,即文章的论点)
Thereasoncanbelistedasfollows.(开始论证)
Firstly,....(论证理由一)
Secondly,....(论证理由二)Forexample,.....(举例)
Thirdly,....(论证理由三)Acaseinpointisthat....(举例)
第三段:
总结并给出自己的见解。
Itgoeswithoutsayingthat(不用说)....(指出执行该观点时的注意事项)
Inconclusion,....(总结全文)
3)问题解决型:
这类文章的立意在“How”,以“方法”、“途径”、“怎么办”为文章的核心,主要遵循“提出问题――分析原因――提出解决办法”的模式。
第一段:
引言,对现状、形势或困难进行描述,提出问题;
....(铺垫,提出问题)
Ontheonehand,....(理由一)
Ontheotherhand,....(理由二)
第二段:
途径与方法,列举做某事的途径或解决问题的各种方法;
Therefore,howto...isworthpayingattentionto.(承上启下,提出要解决的问题)
Firstly,....(办法一)
Secondly,....(办法二)Forexample,....(举例说明办法二)
Thirdly,....(办法三)
Inthisway,....(预期结果)
第三段:
评价或选择,对第二段中提及的途径和方法进行简要评价,或选取其中一、两
种自己认为合适的,阐述其依据。
Inbrief,....(总结全文)
解释说明型:
是对事物的发生、发展、结果、特征、状态、功能等进行介绍、阐述、解释的一种论说文类型。
第一段:
Nowadays,thereisahotdebateabout....(提出问题)
第二段:
Anumberoffactorscontributeto....(概述,引出对问题的分析)
Ontheonehand,....(一方面)
Ontheotherhand,....(另一方面)
第三段:
Clearly,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesastotheviewofthis
matter.(概述不同观点)
Foronething,....(一方面)
Foranother,....(另一方面)
Ingeneral,....(得出结论)
谚语型:
是指文章的题目或论点是一句谚语,要求考生针对该谚语阐述自己的理解,并且举例论证。
第一段:
对格言警句的理解,开门见山引出格言警句,并对其进行解释;
Itiswell-knowntoeveryonethat....(引出谚语)
Thisself-evidentproverbmeans....(给出解释)
第二段:
例证一,可以使用学习、生活中的事例来说明其寓意,若有必要,引用第二个
例证进一步说明;
①...isacaseinpoint.(例证一)Youmust....(结合谚语阐述现象)
Otherwise,....(否则......)
②...isanotherexampletoprovetheproverb.(例证二)Youmaybeamazedat....(结合谚语阐述现象)Butifyouknow...,youwillnotbesurprisedat....(原因)
③Itisthought...that....(总结)
第三段:
结束全文,总结句可以与文章主题呼应。
Alessonthatwecandrawfromtheaboveexamplesisobvious.(启示)
Onlythroughpracticecanone....(点题)
⏹常用句式:
1篇首:
Currentlythereisageneralattitudetowards…
Inrecentyears,thereisagrowingconcernover…
Nowitiscommonlybelievedthat…,butIwonderwhetheritistrue.
Thesedaysweareoftentoldthat/hearabout…,butisthisreallythecase?
Thereisapubliccontroversynowadaysovertheissueof…
2篇中:
概述不同观点:
People’sviewson…varyfrompersontoperson.
Someholdthat…However,othersbelievethat…
Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson…
Attitudestoward…varyfrompersontoperson.
Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…
Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward…
对比与反驳:
Theadvantagesof…outwieghandbenefitwegainedfrom…
Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…
Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisableto…thanto…
Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.
Themainprobleminthisargumentisthatitisignorantofthebasicfactthat…
Ibelievethatthetitlestatementisvalidbecause(of)…
Toomuchemphasisplacedon…mightmakeusoverlookotherfacts…
Howeversoundthisargumentmaybe,itonlyskimsthesurfaceoftheproblem.
AsfarasIamconcerned,however,Ibelievethat…
Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…
Isincerelybelievethat…
Asfaras…isconcerned,…
Itwasobviousthat…
Itmaybetruethat…,butitdoesn’tmeanthat…
Itisnaturaltobelievethat…,butweshouldn’tignorethat…
Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat…
解决问题:
Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.
Whydidthishappen?
Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…
Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.
Hereaesomesuggestonsforhandling…
Thebestwaytosolvethetroubleis…
Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.
解释说明:
Therearemanyexamplestoprove…
Thisisagoodcaseinpoint.
Therearenumerousexamples.HereIwillcitejustafew.
Take…asanexample.
…maybedefinedas…
Therearesomesimilarities/differencesbetween…and…
…hassomething/nothingincommonwith…
…and…aresimilar/differentinmanyways.
Thereasonswhypeoplehatetoadmititcanbetracedto…
Thecuasesfor…areasfollows.
Therefore,wecandrawthefollowingconclusions.
3篇尾:
Inconclusion,Iwouldliketosaythatchangeisaproblemconfrontingmostofustoday.
Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelycometotheconclusionthat…
Wehavetoadmitthatsciencehasbroughtpollutionandatomicbombs.Butthegoodpointisthatithastransformedourlifetosomedegree.
Obviously,ifweignoretheproblem,thereiseverychancethat…
Itishightimethatweputgreatemphasisontheprotectionofenvironment.
Thereisnoeasysolutiontotheproblemof…,but…mightbeuseful.
Itisnecessarythatquickactionsshouldbetakentopreventthesituation.
◆应用文
⏹以下是信件格式示意图:
书信及信封格式(阴影部分在四六级考试作文中可不必写)
EnglishDepartment
BeijingCityUniversity
269MidRoadofNorthLoop-4
(信头)Beijing,100083
People’sRepublicofChina
April18th,2006
Prof.Green
WarnerBooks
444MadisonAvenue(信内地址)
NewYork,NY10022
U.S.A.
DearEditor,(称呼)
Iwishtoapplyforapositioninyourpublishinghouse.I’m35yearsoldand…
…
Ilookforwardtoyourpromptreponse.
Bestwishes!
(结束语)Trulyyours,
(签名)(Signature)
(机打签名)ZhangPing
⏹模板:
第一段:
告知对方你的身份(假如对方不认识你),简要叙述写信的原因;
第二段:
详细解释写信的意图(建议、批评、投诉、申请、邀请、感谢、道歉等);
第三段:
发出请求,提供帮助,表示感谢,或期盼回信等。
⏹常用句式:
1篇首:
说明写信的原因:
IwouldliketoapplyforadmissiontoyouruniversityforstudyinComputerScience.
AccordingtothelatestBeijingWeekly,Ifindyouwantanexperiencedandefficientsercetary.
IunderstandfromMr.SmiththatthereisanopeningforareporteratSun.
致谢:
Iamgreatlyindebtedtoyouforyourcareandhelp.
IamwritingtotellyouhowgratefulIamfor…
Iwouldliketothankyoumostsincerelyfor…
ThankyouverymuchforthekindnessyouhavegivenmeduringmystayinParis.
Iamwritingtothankyou,onbehalfofmywifeandmyself,forthelovelytimewehadatyourpartylastnight.
(我谨代表我夫妻二人,致信感谢您昨天的晚会,它让我们度过了一段愉悦的时光。
)
投诉和批评:
Iamwritingtocomplainaboutthebadserviceofyourcompany.
Iamwritingtoexpressmydissatisfactionwith/at…
Iwishtomakeacomplainabout…
IamafraidIhavegotacomplaintabout…
Iamwritingtodrawyourattentionto…
Toimprovethesituation/solvetheaboveproblem,itisadvisableforyoutotakethefollowingmeasures.
Imustwarnyouthatunlessyoudosomethingaboutthesituation,otherwisewewillbeforcedtotakelegalaction.
致歉:
IamwritingtoyoubecauseIamunabletomakeit.
Iamterriblysorrythat...
Iwouldliketoexpressmyapologiesfornotbeingableto...
询问:
Iamwritingtoaskifyoucandomeafavor.
Iwouldliketoinquireaboutthepriceofthenewproductyouarepromoting.
IwouldliketoseeksomeinformationabouttheinternationalconferencetobeheldIyouruniveristy.
Iwouldlikesomedetailedinformationon/about...
邀请及答复:
Itgivesmethegreatestpleasuretoinviteyoutovisitthisexhibition.
JohnandIwouldbeveryhappyifyouandMr.Greencouldcometodinnerat7p.m.onSaturday,19th.Wedohopeyoucanjoinus.
ItisverykindofyoutoaskustodinerthiscomingFridayevening.But,toourdeepregret,wecannotmakeit.
2篇尾:
发出请求:
Pleasegivethismatteryourimmediateattention.
Iwouldverymcuhappreciateitif...assoonaspossible.
Wouldyoupleasesendmeanapplicationformforadmissiontoyourgraduateschool?
提供帮助:
Ihopethesematerialswillbehelpful,andpleasefeelfreetocontactmeformoreinformation.
Alicewillbetakingresponsibilityforyouandifyouneedanyassistance,shewillbepleasedtohelpyou.
再次表示感谢或歉意:
Thankyouforyourkindassistance.
Again,Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmthankstoyou.
Onceagain,Iamsorryforanyinconveniencecasued.
IamsorrythatIcannot...andbelievethatyouwillundrstand.
Inaddition,letmeapologizeforanyinconvenienceImayhavecaused.
Ishallfeelobligedbyareplyatyourearliestconvenience.
期盼回信:
R.S.V.P.
Ihopetoreceiveyourreplyshortly.
Lookingforwardtoanearlyreply.
Iexpecttohearfromyouverysoon.
Ilookforwardtoyourpromptresponse.
Iamalreadyeagerlyawaitingyourreplytothisletter.
Iamlookingforwardtoafavorablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.
ThankyouforyourconsiderationandIwillbelookingforwardtoyourreply.
◆观察描述类作文
⏹模板:
第一段:
Mynameis....Iam....(自我介绍)
Atnoon,around...,...,Iwas...whenIwasshockedby....(事故的发生)
Isaw....(第一眼所见场景)
第二段:
Soon....(事情的发展一)
Igotthereandfound....(事情的发展二)
AtthesametimeIsaw....(同时发生的事)
Itwasobviousthat....(作者的推断)
Afteramoment,....(事情的发展三)
...while....(结局)
第三段:
TheaboveisallIsawabouttheaccident.(概述)
Itismyopinionthat...,expecially....(事故原因一)
Besides,....(事故原因二)
Anyway,Ibelieveaccident
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