施心远听力教程3听力原文 unit 4.docx
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施心远听力教程3听力原文 unit 4.docx
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施心远听力教程3听力原文unit4
Unit4
SectionOneTacticsforListening
Part1SpotDictation
StephenPowelson’sAmazingMemory
WhenStephenPowelsonwasnine,hisschoolorganizeda
(1)weeklycontestinmemorizingpassagesfromtheBible.Stephenpaid
(2)noattentionuntilhewaschided*for(3)notcompeting.ThenextSundayhesurprisedeveryoneby(4)recitingallthepassagesforthe(5)entireyear.
Asateenagerinprepschool,StephentookGreek.Histeacher(6)assigned21linesoftheIliad*tobememorized(7)inaweek.Attheendofthehour-thoughhe(8)insistedhepaidfullattentiontothe(9)lecture-Stephenknewall21.Hewentontomemorizethefirst(10)100lines.
In1978,forthefirsttime(11)sincecollege,Powelson,now60,hadsome(12)sparetime.Tokeephismindactive,herereadtheIliadand(13)discoveredthathestillknewthefirst100lines(14)byheart.
Thatsomeonecouldmemorizesomuchbetweenages60and70is(15)astonishingtomostpeople,whoare(16)convincedthatmemory(17)worsensaswegrowolder.
Powelson'smethodisto(18)readabookintohistaperecorder,thenreaditseveralmoretimes,makingsureheunderstands(19)eachword."Also,"hesays,"Iattemptto(20)visualizemyselfaspartoftheaction."
Part2ListeningforGist
Youmightnotknowhowrarelyimagesarevieweddirectlythroughtelescopes.Themostcommonwaytoobservetheskiesistophotographthem.Theprocessisverysimple.First,aphotographicplateiscoatedwithalight-sensitivematerial.Theplateispositionedsothattheimagereceivedbythetelescopeisrecordedonit.Thentheimagecanbedeveloped,enlarged,andpublishedsothatmanypeoplecanstudyit.Becausemostastronomicalobjectsareveryremote,thelightwereceivefromthemisratherfeeble.Butbyusingatelescopeasacamera,longtimeexposurescanbemade.Inthisway,objectscanbephotographedthatareahundredtimestoofainttobeseenbyjustlookingthroughatelescope.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothedialogueandwritedownthegistandthekeywordsthathelpyoudecide.
1)Thisdialogueisabouthowtophotographastronomicalobjects.
2)Thekeywordsarephotograph,coated,light-sensitivematerial,positioned,received,recorded,developed,enlarged,published,remote,feeble,telescope,camera,longexposures.
SectionTwoListeningComprehension
PartoneDialogue
TunisianHoliday
(SomeoneisenquiringabouttheTunisianholiday.)
Agent:
Hello,BathTravel.
Client:
Hello,I'dliketofindoutmoreaboutyourTunisianholidayforamateurarchaeologists.I'vereadaboutitinthepaper,butI'dliketoknowmoreaboutwhatisinvolved.
Agent:
Youmeanyou'dliketoknowtheitinerary?
Client:
Yes,that'sright.
Agent:
Allright.Justbriefly,youarriveinTunisatmiddayonthefirstdayandgobycoachtoLaMarsa.Thenthereisashortbriefingbythearchaeologistandthentherestofthedayyouarefreetoexplore.
TheseconddayyougetupbeforedawnandgotoCarthagetoseethesunrise.YouhavebreakfastandalecturethereandthengobycoachtoMansoura,wheretherearebeautifulcoves.Afterlunchyoucanwalkalongthebeach,toKerkouane.Thewalktakesaboutfourhours.Kerkouaneisoneofthemostrecentandmostexcitingsites.ThenbycoachtoKelibia,afishingvillage,intimeforsunsetovertheharbor.
Client:
Thatsoundsratheralongwalk.
Agent:
Well,it'saneasywalk.Flatalltheway,andverypretty.Butyoucangobycoach,ifyouprefer.ThethirddayyouspendinHammametonCapBon,andthedayisfreetoenjoythetown.It'salovelyoldtownandresort.AndthefourthdayyoutakethecoachtotheruinofEIDjem,whichisamagnificentamphitheatre*.YouhavelunchinSfaxandthenyoutaketheferrytothebeautifulKerkennahIslands.
Client:
Islands,yousay?
Agent:
Yes,they'reverypeacefulandyouspendthefifthdaythere.Thefishermenwilltakeeveryoneoutontheirsailingboatsandtherewillbeafishermen'spicnic.OnthesixthdayyouvisittheGreatMosqueofKairouanandhaveapicniclunch.ThentakethecoachtothelovelyportofBizerteforthelastnight.AndthefinaldaythereisavisittotheancientRomancapitalofUticawithitsfantasticmosaics*andthenacoachtoTunisInternationalAirport.
Client:
Haveyougotafullbrochurewhichgivesmoredetails?
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothedialogueandcompletethefollowingitinerary.
Tunisianholidayforamateurarchaeologists
Day
Activities
Thefirstday
ArriveinTunisatmiddayandgobycoachtoLaMarsa.Thenthereisashortbriefingbythearchaeologist.
Thesecondday
GetupbeforedawnandgotoCarthagetoseethesunrise.YouhavebreakfastandalecturethereandthengobycoachtoMansoura,wheretherearebeautifulcoves.Afterlunchyoucanwalkalongthebeach,toKerkouane,whichisoneofthemostrecentandmostexcitingsites.ThenbycoachtoKelibia,afishingvillage,intimeforsunsetovertheharbor.
Thethirdday
SpendinHammametonCapBontoenjoythetown.It'salovelyoldtownandresort.
Thefourthdayandfifthday
TakethecoachtotheruinofElDjem,whichisamagnificentamphitheatre.HavelunchinSfaxandthentaketheferrytothebeautifulKerkennahIslands.Thefishermenwilltakeeveryoneoutontheirsailingboatsandtherewillbeafishermen’spicnic.
Thesixthday
VisittheGreatMosqueofKairouanandhaveapicniclunch.ThentakethecoachtothelovelyportofBizerteforthelastnight.
Thefinalday
ThereisavisittotheancientRomancapitalofUticawithitsfantasticmosaicsandthenacoachtoTunisInternationalAirport.
Part2Passage
MexicanGrayWolf
FranciscoandSheilawerepioneersinafederalprograminEureka,32kilometerssouthwestofSt.Louis,theUnitedStates,torestoretheendangeredMexicangraywolf,therarestandmostgeneticallydistinctsubspeciesofgraywolfinNorthAmerica.
Aftermorethanacenturyofassault(攻击,袭击)byhumans,thewolfpopulationhaddwindledto(减少到)nomorethanahandfulbythe1970sinMexicoandtheAmericansouthwest.
Theresearchcenter,popularlyknownastheWolfSanctuary*,wasfoundedin1971byMarlinPerkins,aworld-renowned(世界知名的)naturalistandformerdirectoroftheSt.LouisZoo,andhiswifeCarol.BesidestheMexicanwolf,thesanctuaryworkswiththeendangeredredwolf(赤狼),manedwolf(鬃狼),swiftfox(草原狐)/andAfricanwilddogs(豺狗).
Inthelate1970s,thelastsevenknownwolveswerecapturedinthewildortakenfromzoostobeginthebreedingprogram(育种计划).In1981,thefirstcaptive-bred(人工繁殖的,圈养的)litter(幼狼)ofMexicangraywolvesproducedinthefederalprogramwasbornattheWildCanidCenter,andthefirstreleaseintothewild(放生)tookplacein1998.Theprogramisnowabouthalfwaytomeetingitsgoalofa"wild"populationofatleast100wolvescoveringmorethan12,800squarekilometers.
Thoughincaptivity(在繁殖场)themselves,FranciscoandSheilataughttheirpupssowellthatmanyarethrivinginthewild.Theywereidealparents.Theyraised25babies,taughtthemgoodsurvivalskillsandsentmanyofthemofftoliveontheirown.
NineofFranciscoandSheila'soffspringwereamongthefirst11captive-bornMexicangraywolvesreleasedin1998.Bothparentwolveshavesincedied-Franciscoatage14inDecember.Sheilaatage16inJune2000-buttheylived,ascaptivewolvesoftendo,roughlytwiceaslongaswolvesinthewild.TodaytheWildCanidSurvivalandResearchCenterinEurekaestimatesthat98percentofMexicanwolvesreleasedfromthefederalprogramaredescendantsoftheprolific*lobo*pair.
About250lobosnowliveincaptivityat45USandMexicanfacilities.TheWildCanidCenter,however,hasproducedmorepuppiesandhousedmoreMexicangraysthananyotherfacility.
TheWildCanidCenterisideated*on25isolatedhectareswithinWashingtonUniversity'sTysonResearchCenter.Thewolvesliveinlargeoutdoorenclosureswithminimalhumancontact.Theylearntohunt,raiseyoung,liveinnaturalfamilypacks,andtobesuspiciousofpeople-allnecessaryskillsforsurvivinginthewild.
Decisionsaboutmating,movementamongthe45captive-breedingfacilitiesandreleasesintothewildaremadebyaUS-Mexicancommitteeofscientists,landownersandothers.Theyalsomaintainageneticdatabase.Awolfwithraregenes-untilithassuccessfullyreproduced-willneverbereleasedbecauseofthehighmortalityrate(死亡率)inthewild.It'snotuncommonforfreedwolvestobestruckbycarsorshotbyhunters;inrecentweeks,fivehavedied.
Despitethelosses,releasedwolvesarereproducing.Therecoveryprogramisgraduallymovingawayfromfreeingcaptive-bornwolves,asthepopulationofpupsbornfreetakesoff(增加).Scientistswanttoletnaturedecidewhat'sagoodwolfandwhat'snotthroughnaturalselection.
A:
Pre-listeningQuestion
Thewolfisalargememberofthecaninefamily.Mostoftheadultgreywolvesweighinthevicinityof75to125pounds(34to56kilograms).Wolvesliveinfamilygroupscalledpacks.Apackisusuallymadeupofamaleparent,afemaleparent,theirpupsandafewotheradultwolvesthataretheolderbrothersandsisters.Wolvescanrunupto40milesanhourandcaneasilycover50milesaday.
Thewolfhasdevelopedthecapacitytosurviveinthemostinhospitableofclimates.Thewolvesinthehigharcticendureseveralwintermonthsofperpetualdarkness.EveninFebruarywhenthesunreturnstothenorth,temperaturesof-40°Candbitterwindsarecommon.Inthewildwolvescanliveupto13yearsormore;inaprotectedwolfparkoracontrolledareaofland,awolfcanlivetobeupto16yearsold.
B:
SentenceDictation
Direc
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