整理年考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx
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整理年考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx
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整理年考研英语二真题及答案解析
2013年考研英语二真题及答案解析
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2013考研英语
(二)真题
SectionI UseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically. ___1___atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen___2___fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition。
Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpaymentwouldsoon”revolutionizethevery___3___ofmoneyitself,”onlyto___4___ itselfseveralyearslater。
Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso___5___incoming?
Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork___6___thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery___7___tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe___8___formofpaymentSecond,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey___9___receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto___10___.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof”float"—ittakesseveraldays___11___ acheckiscashedandfundsare___12___fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcancaminterestonthefundsinthemeantime.___13___electronicpaymentsarcimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.
Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay___14___securityandprivacyconcerns。
Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation___15___there。
Thefactthatthisisnotan___16___occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand___17___fromsomeoneelse'saccounts.The___18___ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevelopingto___19___securityissues。
Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic___20___thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldata。
Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy。
1.[A]However [B]Moreover [C]Therefore [D]Otherwise
2.[A]off [B]back [C]over [D]around
3。
[A]power [B]concept [C]history [D]role
4.[A]reward [B]resist [C]resume [D]reverse
5。
[A]silent [B]sudden [C]slow [D]steady
6。
[A]for [B]against [C]with [D]on
7.[A]imaginative [B]expensive [C]sensitive [D]productive
8。
[A]similar [B]original [C]temporary [D]dominant
9。
[A]collect [B]provide [C]copy [D]print
10.[A]giveup [B]takeover [C]bringback [D]passdown
11.[A]before [B]after [C]since [D]when
12.[A]kept [B]borrowed [C]released [D]withdrawn
13。
[A]Unless [B]Until [C]Because [D]Though
14.[A]hide [B]express [C]raise [D]ease
15。
[A]analyzed [B]shared [C]stored [D]displayed
16.[A]unsafe [B]unnatural [C]uncommon [D]unclear
17。
[A]steal [B]choose [C]benefit [D]return
18。
[A]consideration [B]prevention [C]manipulation [D]justification
19。
[A]copewith [B]fightagainst [C]adaptto [D]callfor
20。
[A]chunk [B]chip [C]path [D]trail
SectionII ReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts。
AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD。
MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1。
(40points)
Text1
Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:
Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”
Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.
Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon'tearnyouwhatitusedto。
Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.
Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S。
]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs—about6millionintotal-disappeared。
Therewillalwaysbechanged—newjobs,newproducts,newservices。
ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI。
T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.
Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG。
I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.
21。
ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_______.
[A]theimpactoftechnologicaladvances
[B]thealleviationofjobpressure
[C]theshrinkageoftextilemills
[D]thedeclineofmiddle—classincomes
22.AccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto______
[A]workoncheapsoftware
[B]askforamoderatesalary
[C]adoptanaveragelifestyle
[D]contributesomethingunique
23.ThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat______
[A]gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerased
[B]jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed
[C]factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbefore
[D]newjobsandserviceshavebeenoffered
24.Accordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis_____
[A]toacceleratetheI。
T.revolution
[B]toensuremoreeducationforpeople
[C]toadvanceeconomicglobalization
[D]topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury
25。
Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?
[A]NewLawTakesEffect
[B]TechnologyGoesCheap
[C]AverageIsOver
[D]RecessionIsBad
Text2
Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincludedsettlersandsojourners。
AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted。
AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexample,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood。
Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage。
Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenewcomersintotwocategories:
legalorillegal,goodorbad。
WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrationsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit。
Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories。
Weneedtolookbeyondstrictdefinitionsoflegalandillegal。
Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.
Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth—careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage。
Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.
Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease。
WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.
Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle。
Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes。
Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem。
26“Birdsofpassage"referstothosewho____.
[A]immigrateacrosstheAtlantic
[B]leavetheirhomecountriesforgood
[C]stayinaf
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