unit 5 答案及翻译.docx
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unit 5 答案及翻译.docx
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unit5答案及翻译
Unit5Aplaceinsociety
Activereading
(1)
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
4Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.
1moneyorgoodsthatyougivetoanorganization,especiallyonethathelpspeople(donation)
2involvingordonewithalotofenergy,effort,attentionetc(intense)
3knowingandunderstandingalotaboutacomplicatedsubject(sophisticated)
4supportingsocialandpoliticalchangethataimstomakeasystemfairer(progressive)
5capableofdoingsomethinginasatisfactoryoreffectiveway(competent)
6anewmemberofacompanyoranorganization,especiallysomeonewhohasrecentlyjoined(recruit)
7todeliberatelymakesomeonefeelfrightened,especiallysothattheywilldowhatyouwant(intimidate)
8toexperienceordealwithsomething,especiallyaproblem(encounter)
5CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity4.
TherearetwobigpoliticalpartiesintheUnitedStates:
theRepublicanparty,whichistraditionally
themoreconservativeofthetwo,andtheDemocraticparty,whichissaidtobemore
(1)progressive.
Oneofthemostinterestingand
(2)intensemomentsinAmericanpoliticallifeistheelectioncampaign
whichcomesbeforethepresidentialelections.Bothpartiesneedalotofmoneytopayforthecampaign,
forwhichtheyrelyon(3)donationsmadebyindividualsandorganizations.Theyalsoneedalotofnew
(4)recruitstoworkonthecampaign.Thesepeopleareusuallyyoung,intelligentandhard-working,
(5)competentintheirjobsandnoteasily(6)intimidated,sincetheyarelikelyto(7)encounteralotof
problemswhichhavetoberesolvedquickly.Buttheyalsoneedtobehighly(8)sophisticated,tobe
abletounderstandwhattheAmericanpeoplewant,andtocommunicatewiththemthroughthestyleand
organizationoftheelectioncampaign.
6Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.Youmayneedtomakeotherchanges.
1She’sapleasantyoungwoman,whoisalwaysverygoodcompany.(agreeable)
She’sanagreeableyoungwoman,whoisalwaysverygoodcompany.
2I’mafraidthereasonshegavemefornotcomingtothemeetingweresillyandunreasonable.(laughable)
3Itisimportanttofightdishonestandillegalbehaviourbyofficials.(corruption)
4It’sfreezingouthere,I’mshakingwithcold.(shiver)
5Youmightfindsomeonetohelpyouintheoffice,butI’mnotsure.(doubtful)
6Theattendantmovedhisshouldersuptosuggestthathedidn’tknowtheanswer.(shrugged)
7Don’tbesoannoyedbecausetheserviceisslow,youwon’tmissyourflight.(impatient)
8ThesoundofpeopleclappingattheendoftheSenator’sspeechlastedforfiveminutes.(applause)
7Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.
1Ifyoutrackdownsomething,doyou(a)findit,or(b)loseitafteralongsearch?
2Doessomeonewhothinksontheirfeetmakedecisions(a)quickly,or(b)slowly?
3Ifyouknowsomethinginsideout,doyouknowit(a)onlyinpart,or(b)verywell?
4Ifyouareintherunningforajob,doyouhave(a)somechance,or(b)nochanceofbeingchosen?
5Isahall-of-fameathletesomeonewhowillbe(a)quicklyforgotten,or(b)rememberedforalongtime?
6Ifthemarketisheavingwithpeople,isthere(a)acrowdofpeoplethere,or(b)notmanypeoplethere?
7Ifyousummonsomeone,doyouwantthemto(a)cometoseeyouimmediately,or(b)goaway?
8Ifyourefrainfromdoingsomething,doyou(a)doit,or(b)notdoit?
9Ifthereisaflurryofactivity,doalotofthingshappen(a)allatonce,or(b)overalongperiodoftime?
Activereading
(2)
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
5Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.
1supportthatyoualwaysgivetosomeoneorsomethingbecauseofyourfeelingsofdutyandlovetowardsthem(loyalty)
2togivesomeonetheabilityoropportunitytodosomething(enable)
3acompanythatsellsthesamegoodsorservicesasanothercompany(competitor)
4awrittenlegalagreementbetweentwopeopleorbusinessesthatsayswhateachmustdofortheotherorgivetotheother(contract)
5thecontrolandoperationofabusinessororganization(management)
6moneyusedinawaythatmayearnyoumoremoney(investment)
6CompletetheconversationwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.
ADoesyourcompanydoalotofbusinessabroad?
BYes,itdoes.We’verecentlysignedanumberof
(1)contractsintheMiddleEast.
ASoyou’remakingamajor
(2)investmentinthatarea?
BYes,weare.Wealsohavealotof(3)competitorsinourlineofbusiness,soitwon’tbeeasy.
AHaveyoueverthoughtofworkingforoneofthem?
BNotreally,I’vegotacertainamountof(4)loyaltytomyowncompany.IthinkthatI’vebeentreated
ratherwellbythe(5)management.Andifthingsgowell,thenewprojectI’mworkingonshould
(6)enablemetogetpromotionquitequickly.
7Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.Youmay
needtomakeotherchanges.
1These2,000wordsformthemostbasicpartoftheEnglishlanguage.(core)
2SomeBritishpeoplethinkbelongingtotheEuropeanUnionisvitaltotheUK’snationalinterests.
(membership)
SomeBritishpeoplethinkmembershipoftheEuropeanUnionisvitaltotheUK’snationalinterests.
3Theprocessofsendingthebooksmaytakeuptotwoweeks.(delivery)
Thedeliveryofthebooksmaytakeuptotwoweeks.
4Theysaidtheywouldcancelthecontractiftheyweren’tpaidbynextThursday.(threatened)
Theythreatenedtocancelthecontractiftheyweren’tpaidbynextThursday.
5Can’tyouseethepositiveside?
Youalwaysspendtimetalkingaboutthebadthings.(dwellon)
Youalwaysdwellonthebadthings.
6Yourinnerstrengthwillenableyoutoovercomelife’sobstacles.(prevailover)
8Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.
1Doesanintermediarytrytogettwopeopleorgroupsto(a)agree,or(b)disagreewitheachother?
2Isyoursuccessorinajobthepersonwhocomes(a)after,or(b)beforeyou?
3Ifyouhavebeennominatedforajob,haveyoubeen(a)formally,or(b)onlyinformallyappointed?
4Isago-betweensomeonewho(a)takesmessagesbetweentwopeople,or(b)preventsthemfrom
communicating?
5Isanindividualistsomeonewho(a)is,or(b)isn’tdependentonotherpeople?
6Ifyoucanstandonyourownfeet,canyou(a)lookafteryourself,or(b)seefurtherthanmostpeople?
7Doesparentaladvicecomefrom(a)thegovernment,or(b)yourmotherand/orfather?
Languageinuse
wordformation:
pro-andanti-
1LookatthesentencefromthepassageDinneratJoanne’sandanswerthequestions.
Shewaspro-abortion,anti-corruption,pro-lowcarbonemissionsandanti-capitalpunishment,asfinea
progressiveliberalasyoucouldfindthissideoftheAtlantic.
1Ifshewaspro-abortion,wassheinfavouroforagainstthepossibilityofhavinganabortion?
Shewasinfavourofthepossibilityofhavinganabortion.
2Ifshewasanti-capitalpunishment,wassheinfavouroforagainstthedeathpenalty?
Shewasagainstthedeathpenalty.
3Howarethewordsformed?
Thesewordsareformedusingtheprefixespro-andanti-.
4Whatinformationdotheygiveaboutpeople’scharacters?
Theyindicateaperson’spoliticalideas.
Nowformnewwordstodescribesomeonewhois:
(a)againstracism
Ananti-racist:
apersonwhoisagainstracism,ieagainstthebeliefthatpeopleoftheirownracearebetterthanothers,andagainsttheunfairandviolenttreatmenttopeoplefromotherraces.
(b)infavourofdevolution
Apro-devolutionist:
apersonwhoisinfavourofdevolutionofpower,finance,decision-makingoneducation,healthetctoregionalorlocaladministrativebodies,ratherthankeepingsuchpowerandcontrolcentrallywiththegovernment.
(c)againstintervention
Ananti-interventionist:
apersonwhoisagainstinterventionbythecentralgovernmentinbusiness,education,healthetc,especiallyforregionalorlocalmatters.
(d)againstprotectingtheenvironment
Ananti-environmentalist:
apersonwhoisagainstenvironmentalism,iewhoisagainstthosewhothinkweneedspecialactiontoprotecttheenvironment.
(e)infavourofamarketeconomy
Apro-marketeconomist:
apersonwhoisinfavouroflettingmarketforceshavetheirownprocesswithminimalgovernmentinterventionorcontrol.
(f)infavourofthegovernment
Apro-governmentist:
apersonwhoisinfavourofthegovernmentpoliciesandactions.
notjustto…butto…
2Rewritethesentencesusingnotjustto…butto…
1Ineededtoseehimfortworeasons.Iwantedtotellhimaboutthenewcontract,andIalsowantedtocheckwhetherhewasstillinterestedinworkingwithus.
Ineededtoseehimnotjusttotellhimaboutthenewcontract,buttocheckwhetherhewasstillinterestedinworkingwithus.
2PeoplewenttoJoanne’sfortworeasons.Theywentbecausetheywerecurioustoseewhotheirfellowdinerswere,butalsotobeseenthemselves.
PeoplewenttoJoanne’snotjusttoseewhotheirfellowdinerswere,buttobeseenthemselves.
3MatthewdecidedtoclimbMountKilimanjarofortworeasons.Firstly,itwasapersonalchallenge,andsecondly,hewantedtoraisemoneyforachildren’scharity.
MatthewdecidedtoclimbMountKilimanjaronotjusttofacethispersonalchallenge,buttoraisemoneyforachildren’scharity.
4IagreedtogotoEgyptfortworeasons.Iwantedtoseeanoldfriend,andIalsoneededabreakfromthenorthernwinter.
IagreedtogotoEgyptnotjusttoseeanoldfriend,buttotakeaneededbreakfromthenorthernwinter.
5Florencelefthomefortworeasons.Shecouldn’tfindajobintheareawhereshelived,andshewasbeginningtofindf
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