辽宁省沈阳市重点高中学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题.docx

辽宁省沈阳市重点高中学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题.docx

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辽宁省沈阳市重点高中学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题

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辽宁省沈阳市重点高中2016-2017学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题

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一、阅读理解（题型注释）

Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.

Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarII.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist（免疫学家）,encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.

1、ThekingsofFranceandEnglandinthe16thcenturyclosedbathhousesbecause     .

A．theylivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironment

B．theybelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbaths

C．theythoughtbathhousesweretodirtytostayin

D．theyconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease

2、WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHenryIV’sattitudetobathing?

A．Approving                              B．Afraid                              

C．Curious                              D．Uninterested                              

3、Howdoesthepassagemainlydevelop?

A．Byprovidingexamples

B．Bymakingcomparisons

C．Byfollowingtheorderofimportance

D．Byfollowingtheorderoftime

4、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A．Tostresstheroleofdirt

B．Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt

C．Tointroducethehistoryofdirt

D．Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt

Whenwasthelasttimeyoureliedonanold-fashionedmaptofigureouttheroutetoanunfamiliarplace?

Formany,theGPShasrevolutionizednavigation,makingapapermapalmostobsolete?

Sohowhasthispieceoftechnologydevelopedoverits26yearsofexistence?

OnFebruary14,1989,thefirstsatelliteintheUSGlobalPositioningSystemwassentintospacefromCapeCanaveral,beginningthestartofoneofthewondersofthemodernworld.

GPSstandsforGlobalPositioningSystem,whichismadeofanetworkofaround30satellitesthatmovearoundtheearth.Thesystemusesaprocesscalledtrilaterationtofindoutone’sposition.Bymeasuringthetimeittakesforthesignaltoreachonesatellite,theGPScandetermineyourdistancefromthesatellite,creatingasphere（范围）ofpossiblelocations.Measuringyourdistancefromatleastthreesatelliteswillnarrowyourlocationtotheplacewherethethreespherescrossoneanother,totheaccuracy（精确）ofaboutlessthan1meter!

TheGPSwasfirstinventedduringtheColdWarbytheUnitedStatesDepartmentofDefense.In1960,thefirstsystem,whichwasmadeofjustfivesatellites,wasputintoplace.Itwasinitiallycreatedforstrictlymilitary（军事的）use;however,in1983,asaresultoffaultynavigationtechnology,aKoreanpassengerplanemistakenlyflewintoUSSRterritory（苏联领土）andwasshotdown.Inordertopreventsuchbadevents,AmericanPresidentRonaldReaganallowedcivilian（民用的）useoftheGPS.

Overthenexttenyears,thesystem’saccuracyimprovedasthenetworkwasincreasedto24satellites.AndduringthefirstPersianGulfWar,thenewGPSwasfinallyusedbythemilitary.Nowscientistsusethetechnologytotrackanimalstobetterunderstandtheirmovementandbehavior.ParentswhomaybeworriedabouttheirchildrencanalsouseGPStechnologytotrackthem.

5、Theunderlinedword“obsolete”inParagraph1canbestbereplacedby“    ”.

A．priceless                              B．unusual                              

C．perfect                              D．useless                              

6、Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout     .

A．howtheGPSworks                              B．thehistoryoftheGPS                              

C．theapplicationsoftheGPS                              D．someproblemswiththeGPS                              

7、Accordingtothetext,theGPS    .

A．hasahistoryofover100years

B．becamepopularduringtheColdWar

C．reliesonthesatellitescirclingtheearth

D．wasavailablefirstduringspaceexploration

8、WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheGPS?

A．Itisnotalwaysreliable

B．Ithasalotofusesinmanyfields

C．Itmakesourlifemorepeaceful

D．Itwillsoongooutoffashion

FourdaysafterDad’s67thbirthday,hehadaheartattack.Luckily,hesurvived.Butsomethinginsidehimhaddied.Hisenthusiasmforlifewasgone.Herefusedtofollowdoctor’sorders,andhissourattitudemadeeveryoneupsetwhentheyvisithim.Dadwasleftalone.

SoIaskedDadtocometolivewithmeonmysmallfarm,hopingthefreshairwouldhelphimadjust.Withinaweekafterhemovedin,Iregrettedtheinvitation.HecriticizedeverythingIdid.Ibecamefrustrated.Somethinghadtobedone.

OnedayIreadanarticlewhichsaidwhengivendogs,depressedpatientswouldbebetteroff.SoIdrovetotheanimalshelterthatafternoon.AssoonasIgotthere,apointer’seyescaughtmyattention.Theywatchedmecalmly.

Astaffmembersaid:

“Hegotheretwoweeksagoandwe’veheardnothing.Histimeisuptomorrow.”

Iturnedtothemaninhorror.“Youmeanyou’regoingtokillhim?

”

“Ma’am,”hesaidgently.“Wedon’thaveroomforeveryunclaimeddog.”

Thestaffmember’scalmbrowneyesawaitedmydecision.“I’lltakehim,”Isaid.

Idrovehomewiththedogonthefrontseatbesideme.IwashelpingitoutofthecarwhenDadwalkedontothefrontporch.“LookwhatIgotyou!

”Isaidexcitedly.

Dadwrinkledhisface.“Idon’twantit,”hemuttered,turningbacktowardsthehouse.Then,suddenly,thedogpulledfreefrommygrasp.HesatdowninfrontofmyDad.

Dad’sangermelted,andsoonhewashuggingthedog.

Thiswasthebeginningofawarmfriendship.DadnamedthedogCheyenne.Togethertheyspentlonghourswalkingdowndustylanesandrelaxingonthebanksofstreams.

Dad’sbitternessfaded,andheandCheyennewentontomakemanyfriends.Then,lateonenighttwoyearslater,IfeltCheyenne’scoldnoseburrowing（搜寻）throughmybedcovers.Hehadneverbeforecomeintomybedroomatnight.Iranintomyfather’sroomandfoundthathehadpassedaway.

Twodayslater,myshockandgriefdeepenedwhenIdiscoveredCheyennelyingdeadbesideDad’sbed.AsIburiedhimneartheirfavoritestream,IsilentlythankedthedogforrestoringDad’speaceofmind.

9、Aftertheauthor’sfathersurvivedtheheartattack,he     .

A．nolongerwantedtolive

B．wasleftalonetogetfullrest

C．ignoredeveryonewhovisitedhim

D．becameunpleasanttowardotherpeople

10、Whydidtheauthortakethepointerhome?

A．Itwasatypethatisknownforitsfriendliness

B．Itseyesmadeherthinkitwasthebestdogavailable

C．Itcaughtherattentionrightawayandshedidn’twantittobekilled

D．Itwasgoodatgettingpeople’sattentionandentertainingthem

11、Fromthelasttwoparagraphswecanconcludethat     .

A．moreattentionshouldbegiventooldpeople

B．dogsaresoloyalthattheyusuallydiefortheirfriends

C．theauthor’sfatherandCheyenneformedarealconnection

D．friendshipandcareismuchmoreefficientthanthemedicine

12、Whichsectionofanewspaperisthesourceofthepassage?

A．Health                              B．Entertainment                              

C．Education                              D．Friends                              

Theworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandmoderncommunicationmeans.Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,butithasbroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsispollution.Topollutemeanstomakethingsdirty.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.

Manhasbeenpollutingtheearth.Themorepeople,themorepollution.Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,manmovedtoanotherplace.Butthisisnolongertrue.

Manisnowslowlypollutingthewholeworld.

Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.It’sbadforalllivingthingsintheworld,butitisnottheonlyonekindofpollution.Waterpollutionkillsourfishandpollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusangrymoreeasily.

Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecity,andfromputtingdirtysmokeintotheair.PollutionbySO2isnowthemostdangerouskindofairpollution.Itiscausedbyh