基坑支护外文文献.docx
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基坑支护外文文献.docx
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基坑支护外文文献
中文3700字
Soilnailwall,alsoknownassoilnailingtechnology,whichisinstalledinsitusoilwitharelativelydensesoilnails,andsoilslopesurfaceofsprayedconcretetobuildasteelmeshsurfacelayer,throughthesoilnails,thesurfacelayerandin—situsoiltheroleofthethreecommonslopeorretainingwallside.Soilnailwallsbutalsoposesasimilargravityinsitureinforcedearthretainingstructures.Andsupportingavarietyofmethodshavebeencompared,ithastheconstructioneasy,simpleequipment,requirelittlespace,excavationandsupportingjobscanbeparallel,theoverallprogressofthefast,lowcost,aswellaspollution,lownoise,stableandreliable,socialandeconomicgood,andmanyotheradvantages,andthereforeathomeandabroadwiththefoundationpitslopereinforcementhasbeenwidelyappliedrapidly。
Soilnailwallconstructiontechnologyisatop—downstepbystepbuildprocess,accordingtothefollowingorder:
Accordingtodesignrequirementsforexcavationface,trimmedslope,plantedsprayedconcretethicknesscontrolsigns;jetfirstlayerofconcrete;erectionofdrillingsoilnails,grouting,erectionofconnectors;bandingsteelnet,sprayasecondlayerofconcrete;settopofthehill,slopeandthefootoftheslopeofthedrainagesystem。
Soil—nailedlaw—enforcement:
keepasmuchaspossible,significantlyhighermaximumuseofpitwallsideofinherentmechanicalstrengthofsoil,changingsoilstructureandsystemloadaspartofthebracing.Sprayedconcreteundertheeffectofhighpressuregasflow,whereinhigh—speedsoilsurfacelayerandthesoilinthespraycreatedbetween'embeddedsolid-effect’,andgraduallyformacompletelyclosedwiththeexcavationshoringsystems,spraylayerandmountedwithaprotectivelayerofandreinforcementoftopsoil,sothattoavoidexposuretowindandrainerosion,shallowcollapse,localspalling,aswellastheroleofimpermeableimpermeable。
Soilnailingaspecialcontrolpressuregroutingcanbereinforcedmediumgreatlyimprovedphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesmakeitbecomeanewgeologicalbody,itssolid-solidintheslipplanethedeepsectionofthesoiloutsidethehouse,itsexternalfixedterminalSpraythesurfacelayerinconjunctionwiththenetworkasawholemaybeatendencytoinstabilityinthesidewalltransferredtothesolid—sectionanditsvicinityandtoeliminate.ReinforcedMeshsprayedlayercanhaveabetterintegrityandflexibility,caneffectivelyadjustthespraylayerandthestressdistributionwithinthesoilnail.Activesoilnailretainingsoilandwithsoiltogetherwithconstructionofsimple,rapidandtimely,flexibleapplicability,withthediggingwithsticks,safeandeconomiccharacteristics.Itsdurationisgenerallypoorerthanthetraditionalmethodtosavemorethan30—60d,engineering,lowcostand10%—30%,supportingthemaximumverticalpitdepthhasnowreached21。
5m,builtmud(localmiscellaneousfill)pitdepthof10m.Thismethodnotonlyeffectivelybeusedforgeneralgeotechnicaldeepexcavationshoring,oftenalsousedanumberofotherancillarysupportmeasures,caneffectivelybeusedforsupportingstreamingsand,silt,complexfilling,saturatedsoil,softsoil,etc.adversegeologicalconditionsofthedeepexcavation。
Inaddition,itisalsorapid,reliableandeconomicalmethodofusingthetraditionalmethodorimprovedfacilitiestobemadeorhavebeencarriedoutrescueexcavationinstabilityreinforcement。
Ofsoilnailingandreinforcedsoilandanchoritseemssuchasretainingstructures,however,thestructureofsoilnailingandreinforcedearthconstruction,etc.Therearemanydifferentpoints,andanchor.
Firstofall,soilnailingandreinforcedsoilslopeorretainingwallisnotthesame,mainlyreflectedin:
theconstructionindifferentways。
Soil-nailedconstructionofthedistributionofexpansionfromtoptobottom,sideexcavationwhileretainingfulluseofundisturbedsoilstrength。
Reinforcedearthstructurefrombottomtotopfillinglayeredconstruction,fillingchoice,densityandintensitycanbecontrolled;reinforcedpullthebiggestchangesinbodypatternisdifferent。
Inthereinforcedearthstructure,thegeneralbodyatthebottomofthetendonforcemaximum。
Inthestructureofsoilnailing,thegeneralrangeofthecentralpartofthelargestforceofsoilnail,theupperandbottomofthesoilnailforcesmall;differentdeformationproperties.SoilNailingthemaximumdisplacementoccurredinthesupportingslopeatthetopornearthetop,reinforcedearthstructure,themaximumdisplacementatthebottom。
Secondly,soilnailingandboltingorretainingwallisnotthesame,mainlydueto:
thevariouspartsoftheforceandthesamerole。
Boltingorretainingwalloftheanchorgenerallyanchoragesectionandfreeabove,theuseofslidingsurfacetoprovideresistanceoutsidetheanchoragesection,settheanchorgenerallyprestressed,thefreesectionunderuniformtensioneffect,throughtheanchorseatpassedtotheslopeoftheretainingstructures,earthretainingstructuresgreaterstiffness,mainlythroughtheprovisionofresistancebythemoment,isoneofthemainforcecomponents。
Soilnailingsettingsgenerallydonotimposepre-tension,butoccursinthesoilafterasmalldeformationofthepassiveforce,thesizeoftheforcealongtheunevendistributionofsoilnailextension,themiddleonbothsidesofthesmall,theroleoftheforceatthesurfacelayerthanthesmall,sprayedconcretesurfacelayerisnotamajorforcecomponents,itsroleistostabilizethesurfaceofthepartialexcavationofsoiltopreventcavinganderosion;settingdifferentdensities。
Intheboltsupportintheunitareaontheretainingboltsetthenumberofgenerallyless,foreachrootanchorconstructionaccuracyandrequirementsareverystringent。
Inthesoil-nailing,thesurfaceofsoilnailretainingalittlebitmoredensearrangementofindividualsoilnailconstructionrelativelylowaccuracyandqualityrequirements;designofdifferentlengths。
Intheboltsupport,thedesignrequirementsmustmeettherequirementsofeachrootanchorofresistance,soboltanchoragesectionrequirein—depthintothestablelayer,thedesignofalongerlength.Insoilnailing,themoredensearrangementofsoilnail,thelargenumberofinteractionwiththesurroundingsoil,tomaintainself—reinforcedzoneofsoilstability,andresistancetooutsidetheregionreinforcedtheroleofsoilpressure,designshorterlength.Ofcourse,therearemanytypesofbolts,therearenotpre-stressed,thelengththantheaveragesoil-nailevenshorter,butthisboltismainlyusedforthetunnelorundergroundworksofthespray-anchoronthelengththantheaveragesoil-nailisalsoisshorter,oftenonly2-4m。
(1)ConstructionofSoilNail
Soilnailingisasoil-nailasamajorcomponentoftheslopeoftheforcesupportingtechnology,whichconsistsofdensesoilnailgroup,hasbeenreinforcedinsitusoil,sprayedconcretesurfacelayerandthenecessarywatersystemcomponents。
(2)StructuralMaterials
Steel:
steeltypes,modelsandsizesshouldbeconsistentwithdesignrequirements,shouldadopttheH-orH—classsteelworkers,reinforcedafterthepurchaseshouldbeproperlysafeguardedtopreventcorrosion,productionshouldbetransferredstraight,rust,oilremoval,shouldbecarriedoutphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesorchemicalcompositionanalysisoftestweldingofsteel,shouldbeweldabilityandweldingqualityofthetestfordetectionofweldingmaterialstrengthshouldbegreaterthantheoverallstrength;
Cement:
ordinaryportlandcementused,labelP032。
5,ifnecessary,sulfuricacidresistantcement,aluminacementshouldnotbeused.Cementshouldcomplywiththeprovisionsoftheexistingcementstandardrequirements,theremustbeasinglefactorytestreports,qualityinspectionorders,factorycarddocuments,inaccordancewithitsvarieties,label,testnumbersetc。
andinspectionandacceptancesamplinginspection,bytheexaminationresultsarereasonableUse。
Bagsofcementshouldbeproperlykeptinstorageandtransportation,rain,moisture,stackedinacertainheightfromthegroundheapshelves,isstrictlyprohibitedanddamagethrowingthrowingbags,prohibitedtheuseofdampordifferentvarietiesofmixedcementlabel.
Aggregate:
stoneandsandmaterial(seedsfilm,medium-finesand)shouldcheckreportcards,thestonetestmethodsandqualitystandardsbyJGJ53—92,sandmaterialtestingmethodsandqualitystandardsbyJGJ52-92.Particlesizeoflessthan2mminthesand,sand,claycontentbyweightnotmorethan3%,theparticlesizeoflessthan12mmgravelormelontablets,claycontentbyweightnotmorethan3%.
Mixingofwater:
thewaterwithoutaffectingthenormalcondensationofcementhardeningofharmfulimpurities,maynotcontainfat,sugarandfreeacid,etc。
;water,PHvalueislessthanfourofacidicwaterandsulfurionofmorethan1%ofthewaterweightofwaterwereshallnotbeused;theuseoftapwaterorcleanwaterformixingnaturalwatercouldbedispensedwithfortesting。
Quick—settingagent:
quick-settingagentisusedinJ85,711,orRedStar1,shouldbespecificallyresponsibleforcontrol,addtheweightof3%oftheweightofcement,themachineautomaticallyaddedbythejet。
Electrodes:
TheTHJ422。
Concretemix:
Inadditiontosprayingtheconcretemixdesignstandardstobeattainedstrength,wemustalsomeetthetechnicalrequirementsofconstruction,withtheratioof1:
0。
4:
2:
2(cement:
water:
sand:
melonpieces),melonseedspiecemaximumdiameterofnotm
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