精中考英语时事阅读测试含答案.docx
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精中考英语时事阅读测试含答案.docx
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精中考英语时事阅读测试含答案
2020中考英语时事阅读测试含答案
Passage1:
Meetingagainforthefirsttime
Youvisitaparkonedayandsomeonenearlycrashesintoyouwhileridingtheirbike.Youfeellikeyou'veexperiencedthisparticulareventbefore.Hasthishappenedtoyou?
Thisstrangefeelingisactuallyquitecommon.Inpsychology(心理学),itisknownas"dejavu(似曾相识的感觉)".
Howcanweexplainthisphenomenon(现象)?
Scientistshavetriedtouse
virtualreality(虚拟现实)technologytoreproduceit.Inonestudy,scientistsusedthevideogameTheSimstostudydejavu.Forexample,theyreplacedthebushesinthegame'svirtualgardenwithtrashcans.
Whenplayerslookedatthegarden,theyexperiencedasenseofdejavu.
Scientiststhinkdejavumightbeexplainedasasimplefailureofmemory.Weseesomethingthatlookssimilartosomethingwe'veseenbefore,butourbrainsfailtofindtheexactmemory.However,thebrainstillrecognizes(识别)thesimilarity,leavinguswithasenseoffamiliarity(熟悉
Epilepsy(癫痫),abraindiseasethatcancauseseizures(突然发作),is
believedtobeanextremeexampleofdejavu.Peoplewithepilepsyoftenexperienceunusualfeelingssimilartodejavu.
Shouldwebeworriedwhenweexperiencedejavu?
Aslongasitdoesn't
affectyourdailylife,researchersthinkthereisnoneedtoworry.Infact,somescientistsbelievethatitmaybehelpful.Theybelievedejavumightbecausedbythebrainrearranging(重新组织)misplacedmemories.This
couldshowthatourmemoriesareworkingwell.Thistheoryalsoexplainswhyyoungerpeoplearemorelikelytoexperienceit,astheirbrainsarestillgrowing.
1"Dejavu"refersto.
A.aphenomenonthathappensduringsleep
B.aphenomenonthathappensmorethanonce
C.asenseoffamiliarityinanewsituation
D.acommonfeelingofstrangeness
2:
Howcanscientistsexplaindejavu?
A.Byexperiencingitthemselves.
B.Byreproducingitinanexperimentalsetting.
C.Bystudyingvideogames.
D.Bystudyingpeoplewhohavepoormemories.
3:
Whatdoweknowaboutdejavu,accordingtoParagraph3?
A.Itseldomhappenstopeoplewithgoodmemories.
B.Itshowsthatourbrainsareingoodshape.
C.Itisrecognizedasamentalillness.
D.Ithappenswhenourmemoriesfail.
4:
Thelastparagraphtellsusabout.
A.thepositivesidesofdejavu
B.theinfluenceofdejavuonmemory
C.newfindingsaboutdejavu
D.youngpeoplewhoexperiencedejavu
参考答案:
CBDA
Passage2:
Lifeafterdeath
Whenwhalesdieintheocean,theirhugebodiesfalltothebottom(底部).
Scientistshaveanameforthis:
awhalefall(鲸落).InMarch,Chinese
scientistsdiscovered(发现)awhalefallintheSouthChinaSea(中国南海).
ThisisthefirstwhalefalleverfoundinChina.
Afterthewhalefallstothebottomofthesea,otherseaanimalseatthemeatoffthedeadwhale.Butdidyouknow?
Thedeadwhalecanbecomeanecosystem(生态系统).Manyanimalsliveonit.
Whathappensduringawhalefall?
Thewhalebodygoesthroughthreestages(阶段).Whathappensduring
thesestages?
Let'stakealooktogether.
No.1
Thewhalebodyattracts(吸引)lotsofseaanimals,suchassmallfish,sharksandcrabs.Theycometoeattheskinandmuscleofthewhale.Usually,ittakesatleastfourmonthsforthoseanimalstoeatthewhale.Wow,whatagoodmeal!
No.2
Afterthewhalebecomesaskeleton(骨架),otheranimalscome.Theyare
mollusks(软体动物)andworms(蠕虫).Theybuildtheirhomesonthebones(骨头).Theseanimalsareweak(柔弱的).Thehugeandstrongwhalebonesprotectthem.Thisstagemaylast(持续)forabouttwoyears.
No.3
Bacteria(细菌)playanimportantroleatthethirdstage.Theydisintegrate
(分解)thelipids(脂类)inthebonesandgetenergy(能量)fromit.Thensmallanimalssuchasseasnails(海螺)andclams(蛤蜊)eatthebacteria.
Thisstagecanlastforaslongas100yearsbecausethewhalebonesareverylarge.
Somescientistsbelievethereisafourthstage.Whenalltheusefulpartsaregone,thewhalewillbecomepartofareef(礁岩).Seaanimalsliveand
playaroundit.
Didyouknow?
ThewhalefallfoundintheSouthChinaSeais3meterslong.Itisstillinthefirststage.Scientistssawfisheatingthetailofthewhale.Thismeansthewhalediedrecently.
Whalefallsarerare
Therearelessthan50naturalwhalefallsintheworld.Soitisluckyfor
Chinatofindone.Whyaretheysorare?
Theseaisverybig.It'shardforpeopletolookforwhalefallsinsuchabigarea.What'smore,becauseofwhalehunting(捕鲸),therearefewerwhalesintheworld.Whalesareselfless,evenwhentheydie.It'stimeforustoshowrespect(尊敬)to
thesegreatanimals.
1:
WheredidChinesescientistsdiscoveredawhalefall?
2:
Howlongdoesittakeatthefirststageafterwhale'sdeath
3:
What'simportantatthefirststage?
4:
Whydidthethirdstagelastforaslongas100years?
5:
Whalefallsarerare
参考答案:
1:
intheSouthChinaSea
2:
ittakesatleastfourmonthsforthoseanimalstoeatthewhale.
3:
Bacteriaplayanimportantroleatthethirdstage.
4:
becausethewhalebonesareverylarge.
5:
Theseaisverybig.It'shardforpeopletolookforwhalefallsinsuchabigarea.What'smore,becauseofwhalehunting,therearefewerwhalesintheworld.
Passage3:
InspiredbyKobe
AlthoughKobeBryantisnolongerwithus,hisunbreakablewillonandoffthebasketballcourtliveson.Thismonth,itwasannouncedthatthelatesuperstarwouldbeinductedintotheNaismithMemorialBasketballHallofFame,aprestigioushonorforbasketball'sbest.AlongsideBryant,eightotherswillbeinductedataceremonyonAug29.
"Hisfiercecompetitiveness,workethicanddrivewereunmatched,"
JeanieBuss,owneroftheLosAnglesLakes,toldESPN."ThosequalitieshelpedBryantleadustofivetitles–andhavenowbroughthimtothe
HallofFame,wherehewillbeenshrinedwiththegreatesttohaveeverplayedthegame.Noonedeservesitmore."
Indeed,whatelevatedBryantabovehispeerswashisunmatchablecommitmenttobethebest.Hewasruthlessinhispursuittodominatehisopponents.Hecalleditthe"mambamentality"aftertheblackmamba,oneoftheworld'sdeadliestsnakes–andalsoafterthetop
killerfromthe2003movieKillBill,accordingtoTheNewYorker.
ThemambamentalitybecamesopopularthatBryantdetailedhisprocessinhisbookTheMambaMentality:
HowIPlay.Init,herevealedhisfamouslydetailedapproachaswellashisphysicalandmentalpreparationtonotjustsucceedatthegame,buttoexcel.
"Mambamentalityisallaboutfocusingontheprocessandtrustinginthehardworkwhenitmattersmost,"hewroteinthebook."It'stheultimatemantraforthecompetitivespirit.Itstartedjustasahashtagthatcametomeoneday,andit'sgrownintosomethingathletes–and
evennon-athletes–embraceasamindset."
Bryanttookafteroneofbasketball'smostlegendaryplayers,MichaelJordan,notonlywithregardtoJordan'splayingstyle,buthiscompetitivenature.
"Ilikedchallengingpeopleandmakingthemuncomfortable,"BryantwroteinanexcerptpublishedonthePlayers'Tribune."That'swhatleadstointrospectionandthat'swhatleadstoimprovement.YoucouldsayIdaredpeopletobetheirbestselves."
ThoughmanywereshockedandsadwhentheLosAnglesgreatdiedinahelicoptercrashinJanuary,allsignspointtoBryant'slegacypersistingforgenerationstocome.Whetheryou'reabasketballplayerornot,youcan'tdenytheKobe'spowertoinspireyoutobeyourbestself.
1:
whenwilltheceremonybeinducted?
2:
WhatDidJeanieBusssayaboutKobe?
3:
WhatdidKobethinkofMambamentality?
4:
DidKobedieinahelicoptercrashinJanuary?
5:
WhatdoyouthinkofKobe'spower?
参考答案:
1:
onAug29.
2:
Hisfiercecompetitiveness,workethicanddrivewereunmatched
3:
Mambamentalityisallaboutfocusingontheprocessandtrustinginthehardworkwhenitmattersmost
4:
:
Yes;itis
5:
inspired
Passage4:
Panicbreedsstockpiling
Beinginthemidstofapandemiclockdowncanmakepeoplefeelworried.Butnothinghasexemplified(例证)thispanickybehaviormore
thanhoarding(囤积),specificallytoiletpaper.
Seeminglytranscending(超越)bordersandcultures,peoplefromallovertheworld,includingtheUS,UKandJapan,havebeenclearingsupermarketshelvesprimarilyforthisnecessity.Butwhat'sthereasonforthissuddentoiletpaperfixation?
Youcanunderstandpanicbuyingfood,butdowereallyneedthismuchtoiletpaper?
StevenTaylor,authorofthebookThePsychologyofPandemics,toldtheIndependentthatourtoiletpaperhoardingisaproductofourdisgust.
Duringapandemic,people'ssensitivity(敏感)todisgustincreases,like
whenyouflinch(躲避)ifsomeonenearbysneezes(打喷嚏).
"Disgustislikeanalarmmechanism(机制)...andwhatbettertoolfor
eliminating(消除)disgustingmaterialthantoiletpaper.Ithinkthisishowitbecameaconditionedsymbolofsafety,"hesaid.
WritingforTheConversation,NikiEdwardsofTheQueenslandUniversityofTechnologysaid,"Whenpeoplehearaboutthenovelcoronavirus,theyareafraidoflosingcontrol.Andtoiletpaperfeelslikeawaytomaintaincontroloverhygiene(卫生)andcleanliness."
Anotheroneofthemostprominentreasonsbehindthistoiletpapertrend,accordingtotheBBC,isthesnowballeffect.Duetoitsprominentcoverage,bothinthenewsandsocialmedia,peoplenaturallyask,"Willtherebeenoughtoiletpaperformyfamilyandme?
"Thisinvariably(一成
不变地)leadstomorepeoplefollowingthecrowdandbuyingtoiletpaperbecauseoftheirfearofmissingout.
"Fearisverycontagious.Sowhenthosesortsofthingsgoviral(走红),
whenyouseepeoplearoundyoubuyingthingsinapanickyway,it'sgoingtomakeyoufeelmoreanxious,"wroteAmerican
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