英语发音规律表格.docx

英语发音规律表格.docx

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英语发音规律表格

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a

在开音节中

[ei]

nameplaneJanebabycake

在闭音节中

[æ]

bagdadhatmapblackback

e

在开音节中

[i:

]

hethesemeChinese

在闭音节中

[e]

bedletpendeskyesegg

i

在开音节中

[ai]

bikeflydrivetimenicekite

在闭音节中

[i]

fishbigdrinksitmilkswim

o

在开音节中

[ou]

thoseclosegohoehomeno

在闭音节中

[ɔ:

]

clocknotboxshopsock

u

在开音节中

[ju:

]

studentexcusedutyTuesday

在闭音节中

[∧]

buscupjumpmuchlunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:

]音,例如：

Junebluerulersuper

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a

在[w]音后面

[ɔ:

]

wantwhatwatchwashquality

在fnskphspssstth前

[α:

]

afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather

i

在-nd-ld和gh前

[ai]

findchildlighthigh

o

在-st-ld前

[ou]

mostpostcardoldcold

在mnvth前

[∧]

comemonkeylovemother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读音

例词

a

[ә]

Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast

[i]

orangecomradevillagecabbage

e

[ә]

hundredstudentopenweekend

[i]

chickenpocketbeginchildren

i/y

[ә]

holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal

[j/i/i:

]

Onionclinicbabyperiod

[ai]

exercisesatellite

o

[ә]

secondtonightsomebodywelcome

[әƱ]

alsozerophoto

u

[ә]

autumndifficult

[ju:

]

popularcongratulationJanuary

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如：

operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母jlrs后面时,读[u（:

）]音,例如：

JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue

在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母aei即可以读作[ә]音,也可以读作音

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

ar在[w]音后面

[α:

]

carfarmdarksharpener

[ɔ:

]

warmquartertowards

or在[w]音后面

[ɔ:

]

fortymorningshort

[ɜ:

]

wordworkerworse

erirur

[ә:

]

certainlybirdThursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如：

carrysorryhurry

-r音节在非重读音节常读[ә]音,例如：

dollarteachermartyrforgetSaturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

are

[eә]

caredarehare

ere

[iә]

heremere

ire

[aiә]

firehirewire

ore

[ɔ:

]

morescorebefore

ure

[juә]

purecure

areereireore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如：

picturepleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.例如：

parentzerostoryduringinspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.例如：

orangeveryAmericanparagraph

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读音

例词

ai/ay

[ei]

afraidrainwaitdayplay

air

[eә]

airhairchairpairrepair

al在fm前

[ɔ:

]

smallballtalkwallall

[ɔ:

l]

alwaysalsosaltalmost

[α:

]

halfcalm

au/aw

[ɔ:

]

autumndaughterdraw

ea

[i:

]

teacheasycheapplease

[e]

heavybreadsweaterweather

[ei]

breakgreat

[iә]

Idearealtheatre

ear

[iә]

heardearnearclearyear

[eә]

bearpearwearswear

[ɜ:

]

earthlearnearly

ee

[i:

]

jeepweekgreenthree

eer

[iә]

pioneerdeerbeer

ei/ey

[ei]

eightneighbourthey

[i:

]

eitherkey

eu/ew在jlrs后

[ju:

]

newfewnewspaper

[u:

]

flewbrewjewelry

ie/ei[s]音之后

[i:

]

piecefieldreceive

oa

[ou]

coatJoanboatgoal

oar/oor

[ɔ:

]

roarboarddoorfloor

oi/oy

[ɔi]

noisepointboytoilet

oo

[u:

]

broomfoodtoothschool

[Ʊ]

booklookcookfootgood

ou/ow

[au]

flowerhousecountdown

[ou]

knowrowthrowthough

[∧]

youngcountryenough

[u:

]

groupyousoup

our

[ɔ:

]

courseyourfour

[auә]

ourhourours

[ә:

]

journey

ui在jlrs后

[ju:

i]

fluidsuicidetuition

[u:

]

juicefruitsuit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群

读音

例词

ai/ayei/ey

[i]

Sundayforeignmonkey

-cail–sian-tian

[ʃәl]

facialcontroversialspatial

-cian–sian-tian

[ʃәn]

MusicianRussianEgyptian

-cient-tient

[ʃәnt]

Efficientsentientpatient

-cious–scioustious

[ʃәs]

Deliciousconsciousinfectious

-cia-sia-tia

[ʃә]

JudiciaryAsiaRussiamilitia

-sion–tioncion

[ʃәn]

impressionnationsuspicion

-sion在元音字母后

[Ʒәn]

visiondecisionoccasion

-tion在s后

[tʃәn]

questionsuggestion

-sten

[sn]

listen

-stle

[sl]

whistle

-sure

[Ʒә]

pleasuremeasure

-ture

[tʃә]

pictureculture

元音字组在非重读音节中读[ә]音或.例如:

neighbourseriousfamousbiscuitcoffee

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.例如：

everyday[ei]handbag[æ]blackboard[C:

] 

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.例如：

sun太阳+day[ei]日子＞Sunday星期天holy神圣+day[ei]日子＞holiday假日break中断+fast[α:

]斋戒＞breakfast[ә]早餐cup茶杯+board木板[ɔ:

]＞cupboard[ә]碗柜

九、辅字组的读音

辅字组

读音

例词

b

[b]

bikebusbag

[/]

bombtomb

cc在e前或在i/y前

[k]

cakepicturecoatmusic

[s]

facedecidecinema

ch

[tʃ]

muchchickrichteacher

[k]

schoolheadachechemistry

[ʃ]

machine

-ck

[k]

cockpocketblackknock

d

[d]

doctorbreadhandday

-dge

[dƷ]

bridgefridge

dr-

[dr]

childrendriverdrink

f

[f]

fivefourbreakfast

gg在ei/y前

[^]

baggardengo

[dƷ]

orangelargeGerman

gh

[f]

coughenough

[/]

lightdaughterhigh

gu--gue在非重读音节中

[ge]

guessleaguedialogue

[ȵw]

languageanguish

h

[h]

hotheadhousehand

[/]

hourhonest

j

[dƷ]

jeepjarjokejoinJuly

k

[k]

kindbikeskatemakeweek

kn-

[n]

knifeknowknock

l

[l]

lifemilkschooltall

m

[m]

monkeycomeautumn

-mn

[m]

autumncolumnsolemn

n在[k][g]音前

[n]

notshinetennote

[ȵ]

unclethankhungry

-ng

[ȵ]

morningyoungwrong

p

[p]

paperplanepigshippen

ph

[f]

elephantphototelephone

q

[k]

Iraq

qu-

[kw]

qualityquite

r

[r]

redrubberruler

s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前

[s]

sitsleepdesk

[z]

musichusband

sc-

[sk]

scarlet

[s]

musclescience

sh

[ʃ]

shefishshirtwash

t在通常情况下在弱读字母iaieio前

[t]

tenlettermeet

[tʃ]

patientnation

tch

[tʃ]

watch

th在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the-ther中

[θ]

thinthirtymethod

[T]

thethesewiththanclothefatherweather

tr-

[tr]

treetraincountrytruck

v

[v]

veryvoiceloveleave

w

[w]

weekwinwakesweetwait

[/]

Answertwo

wh-在字母o前

[w]

whatwhenwhitewhy

[h]

whowhosewhole

x在重读元音前

[ks]

boxtextexercise

[gz]

exampleexistexact

wr-

[r]

write

y-

[j]

yesyardyellowyoung

z

[z]

puzzlezerozoo